Articles tagged with Research Ethics
The article outlines three pathways to manage patients with complex psychiatric conditions, focusing on achieving the best possible patient-centered clinical outcomes. Plastic surgeons may face challenging relationships with patients, particularly those with underlying psychiatric issues.
West Virginia University researchers Erin Brock Carlson and Scott Davidson have designed an interdisciplinary program to engage liberal arts faculty in discussions on the social, ethical and technical aspects of artificial intelligence. The program aims to support the creation or redesign of 10 courses incorporating AI, exploring its i...
A new study aims to address bias and discrimination in AI by leveraging sociolinguistics. By incorporating diverse dialects, registers, and periods of language into training data, researchers can improve the performance of large language models, making them more accurate and reliable. This approach also promotes ethical and socially aw...
The book examines AI's current advances, hurdles, and potential, emphasizing the need for science to maintain core norms and values. Experts advocate for human accountability and responsibility when using AI in research, highlighting the importance of transparent disclosure and attribution.
Professor Yasmine Belkaid joins France's 'MAKE IT ICONIC. Choose France' campaign to promote the country's scientific excellence and innovation. As President of Institut Pasteur, she champions open and inclusive science, highlighting its impact on global medical research.
The book uses a 'history from below' approach to center the voices of petitioners, revealing how they framed their demands using language like justice, rights, and equity. Through over 4,000 petitions, Dr. Bright Alozie shows the significance of this genre in shaping colonial society and influencing decision-making.
The University of Birmingham and DEFRA's Hazardous Substances Advisory Committee have published new recommendations for improving chemical testing. The report suggests that the UK can adopt a risk-based approach to regulation, using New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), to reduce animal testing and improve safety assessments.
Hoda Eldardiry receives $349,360 grant from NSF to develop practical competencies for students to apply ethical principles in AI system design. Her team aims to engage industry professionals to translate AI ethics into concrete decision-making.
A new study calls for the adoption of new research ethics policies to foster learning and discussion of ethical issues. The guidelines aim to shift from compliance-based ethics to promoting ethical norms and practices.
Dr. Fyodor Urnav proposes a set of initiatives to address the crisis, including pooling patients by syndrome and permitting multiple gene editors in a single Investigational New Drug application. This approach aims to accelerate the development of CRISPR therapies for rare genetic diseases.
A new NIH-funded project aims to address gene therapy's ethical and policy challenges, gathering information from experts in six domains. The study will provide recommendations for addressing these challenges, with implications for patient safety and health outcomes.
The BioRescue team evaluated ethical considerations for biobanking, including animal welfare, sample ownership, and good scientific practice. It introduced a modified ETHAS tool to provide a structured approach for biobank managers, enabling them to make wise decisions on conservation and research.
New research reveals Scotland's care system is taking years to find permanent homes for over 1,800 vulnerable children, with 91% experiencing maltreatment before being taken into care. Many children have no contact with their siblings, and crucial information is often missing from administrative data.
Generative AI is revolutionizing oncological imaging by expanding datasets and improving image quality. This technology enables predictive oncology and personalized cancer screening, offering new hope in the fight against cancer.
The University of Virginia School of Engineering and Applied Science will create a character-building initiative with the new grant. The ECSI aims to develop future leaders who are prepared and motivated to apply values in professional contexts. UVA Engineering is committed to integrating character education into its undergraduate curr...
Researchers are developing a framework to combine AI and human intelligence in process safety systems, aiming to enhance safety and efficiency. The study identifies challenges and benefits of using Intelligence Augmentation (IA) and proposes strategies for effective implementation to minimize risks.
Research teams should prioritize South Asian leads to avoid misguided interpretations and promote best practices. Funding agencies should also include South Asian people in reviewing grants to acknowledge community expertise.
The UK has released a pioneering Code of Practice for the use of stem cell-based embryo models in research, providing standards for rigorous ethics and maximizing benefits. The code sets out processes for decision-making in research using these models, allowing scientists to proceed confidently while maintaining public trust.
The article reviews recent advances in applying artificial intelligence to oncology, showcasing promising improvements in cancer care. The authors emphasize the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, rigorous validation, and ethical principles to harness AI's potential.
The Collaborative Ethics model, developed by Jeantine Lunshof and Julia Rijssenbeek, aims to address ethical implications of emerging technologies from fundamental discoveries. By integrating philosophical and ethical reassessment into research processes, the model facilitates decision points for researchers and ethicists.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) has released a position paper recommending rules for partnerships with member organizations and scientists operating in conflict zones. A survey of IOF member societies found strong consensus towards maintaining a neutral stance, supporting scientific collaboration and research.
Bioethicist Insoo Hyun argues that advances in organoids and embryonic models strengthen rather than weaken the concept of human individuality. Current technologies are unable to replicate sentience, a crucial aspect of personhood, until major innovations are made.
Researchers at the University of Cologne found that students' negative perceptions of online exams can lead to increased cheating behavior, while positive perceptions and moral norms can reduce it. The study suggests that lecturers should consider students' psychological factors when designing courses and exam formats.
A study by Georgia State University found that people rate AI responses as more virtuous and intelligent than human responses on moral issues. The AI system, ChatGPT, was able to fool participants into believing its responses were better, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of AI's role in society.
A new report reveals UK hospitals and universities received €37 million in 'education' payments from medical device firms, raising concerns about a worrying conflict of interest. The largest payments went to Johnson & Johnson Medical, Abbott Laboratories, and Boston Scientific.
Researchers at Hiroshima University explore the ethics of growing brain organoids from human fetal brain cells, highlighting concerns over consciousness, informed consent, and medical applications. The study emphasizes the need for a global regulatory framework to navigate the complex ethical landscape of fetal brain organoid research.
The TIER2 project is seeking consortia to establish a new Reproducibility Network (RN) in Widening participation countries. The selected consortia will receive 5,000 Euros each as seed money to support the kick-off meeting and promote reproducible research practices.
A new series of essays explores the ethics and social issues raised by brain research, including post-trial obligations for human participants in neural-device trials. The studies reveal that injury and illness rob individuals of personal identity, while neuromodulation can restore it.
The Einstein Foundation Award supports innovation and high-quality research globally, with categories for individual researchers, institutions, and early career ideas. The €500,000 prize money is awarded by the Einstein Foundation Berlin and the QUEST Center at Charité.
A study published by Geisinger College faculty and graduate students found that 55% of DSM-5-TR panel members received payments from industry, highlighting the need for stricter standards. The researchers argue that individuals with financial ties to industry should not have decision-making authority in guideline development.
The BETTER project, led by Dr. Sergei Sokolovski, will develop a secure data sharing system for multi-source health data analysis, overcoming GDPR challenges and enabling healthcare professionals to compare and integrate data securely at lower costs.
Researchers analyzing NIH-funded projects from 1985 to 2020 found a dramatic growth in 'hype' adjectives. Hype terms correlated with funding application trends, suggesting that grant applications influence subsequent publication language. The study highlights the role of funding mechanisms in shaping research communication.
The NIH has awarded $9 million to create the first Indigenous-led Tribal Data Repository to address health disparities among Native communities. The project aims to secure and fund efforts to better understand the impact of COVID-19 and provide data for informed decisions.
The FRONTIERS residency program, funded by the European Research Council, invites science journalists to spend three to five months with frontier research teams in EU Member States. Selected fellows will receive a monthly allowance and participate in training sessions.
A new framework has been developed to guide ethical decision-making in wildlife management. The framework integrates three domains: moral theory, principle- and rule-based approaches, and virtue ethical therapy.
Researchers are combining biology, physics, computer science, and engineering to design electric circuits that mimic the brain's adaptive behavior. The goal is to create a more efficient AI application that can learn from history and adapt without significant energy consumption.
A new framework for microbiome research involving Indigenous communities has been developed, prioritizing collaboration and Indigenous sovereignty. The framework aims to ensure that Indigenous communities reap the benefits from their contributions to science.
A systematic review of global guidelines for AI use found that most valued principles such as transparency, security, and justice. However, fewer guidelines prioritized truthfulness, intellectual property, and children's rights. Most guidelines were normative but lacked practical methods for implementation.
An international team recommends a new ethical framework for human research on commercial spaceflight, aiming to address underrepresentation and ensure benefits are relevant to all. The framework is anchored in four guiding principles, including promoting diversity among researchers and participants.
A new framework aims to ensure Indigenous communities reap benefits from their microbiome samples, promoting equitable and beneficial research. Researchers highlight the need for community ownership of microbiomes, collaboration, and respect for Indigenous sovereignty.
A panel of experts recommends new guidelines for conducting ethical research on humans aboard commercial spaceflights, prioritizing social responsibility and scientific excellence while minimizing risks and balancing benefits. The guidelines aim to ensure that research benefits society at large and respects participants' autonomy.
The AAO-HNSF 2023 Annual Meeting & OTO Experience will feature groundbreaking clinical research and professional development emerging within otolaryngology. The meeting will showcase the latest scientific oral presentations on various topics, including Otology, Laryngology, Endocrine Surgery, and more.
Corporate scandals have led to increased scrutiny of corporations' ethics culture. New research from the University of Notre Dame reveals that firms are addressing this issue through longer and more moralized public ethics documents, often with notable changes in language.
A group of biologists and ethicists suggest adding clarity to ongoing research using embryo models to refine the legal definition of human embryos. They propose a new definition that focuses on what an embryo can become rather than how it came to be, allowing for improved evaluation of models and potential future recognition as embryos.
A team of researchers from the University of Cambridge developed a way to incorporate human error into machine learning systems, improving their performance in handling uncertain feedback. However, they found that even with uncertainty accounted for, hybrid systems still perform worse than standalone machine learning models.
A new editorial explores the potential of machine learning to enhance early cancer detection in primary care, leveraging extensive patient data and improving risk stratification accuracy. The authors emphasize the need for responsible implementation, collaboration, and validation across diverse populations.
The Hastings Center's Institutional Review Board (IRB) has implemented an evidence-based intervention to address racism and promote equity in biomedical research. The IRB now requires researchers to define racial and ethnic classifications, state whether they are describing or explaining differences between groups, and provide justific...
A mathematical approach using statistical methods can estimate when whales like narwhals and bowhead whales will return to their natural behaviour after being tagged. This method allows researchers to avoid discarding too much or too little data, reducing the risk of interfering with research results or animal welfare.
A new study suggests that wastewater monitoring can be an effective way to track the spread of infectious diseases. The research found that testing for COVID-19 in wastewater was an objective way to measure where the disease was spreading, with most samples processed in under four days.
A study by Osaka University researchers reveals that various stakeholders, including experts, the general public, and patients, can participate in genome editing governance. This collaboration enables more effective policy-making, with citizens engaging in new initiatives such as interactive events.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open analyzed emoji use among hospitalists and found that emojis do not cause confusion or affect professionalism. The researchers analyzed thousands of lines of messages and discovered that emojis often serve a linguistic role, adding new information to the conversation.
An Australian interview study suggests that advance research directives (ARD) can facilitate informed consent for people with dementia. The study also highlights the importance of family members as proxy decision-makers. In another article, a competency framework is proposed to improve health research ethics education.
A study by University of Missouri researchers found similarities in COVID-19 mortality rates between certain US states and Canadian provinces, highlighting the importance of localized public health strategies. The findings suggest that factors such as population density, age, and socioeconomic conditions may have contributed to these s...
Researchers propose a four-step process for guiding the use of ChatGPT in education, identifying desired outcomes, determining automation levels, ensuring ethical considerations, and evaluating effectiveness. The study finds that ChatGPT can improve teaching models, assessment systems, and student learning experiences.
A new University of Florida study reveals high-quality human DNA in various environments, including beaches, rivers, and air samples. The findings raise significant ethical concerns about consent and privacy, highlighting the need for policymakers to develop regulations.
The UMD-led TRAILS institute will develop AI technologies that promote trust and mitigate risks through broader participation, new technology development, and informed governance. The institute aims to create AI systems that align with values and interests of diverse groups, leading to increased transparency, reliability, and accountab...
Smart city technologies track foot traffic, driving patterns, and air quality, raising concerns about community impact. Americans worry that smart city tech may contribute to racial disparities in policing and negatively affect low-income neighborhoods.
Researchers have proposed a set of 10 simple rules for socially responsible science, aiming to minimize harm to individuals and social groups. The rules emphasize the importance of diverse perspectives, transparent reporting, and rigorous review processes.
The Center for Ethics in Science and Science Journalism (CESJ) will oversee a residency program for science journalists in research institutions across Europe. The program aims to promote independent and ethically responsible science coverage, providing training and capacity building opportunities.
A team of investigators created embryo-like structures from monkey embryonic stem cells and transferred them into female monkeys, which implanted and elicited a hormonal response similar to pregnancy. The study provides new tools and perspectives for exploring primate embryos and reproductive medical health.