Researchers developed a novel precipitation-densification strategy to achieve hardness-toughness synergy in triphase silicon nitride ceramics. The strategy harnesses phase-transition kinetics to coordinate phase composition, microstructure, and interfacial structure, resulting in high hardness and toughness.
Legionnaire's disease incidence in the US has increased over the last two decades, primarily driven by rising temperatures, precipitation, and road traffic exposure. The study suggests that warming temperatures and increased exposure to the soil-dwelling Legionella bacteria are likely contributing factors to this increase.
A new study led by HKU reveals that increasing atmospheric dryness suppresses rainfall in tropical cyclones, constraining expected increases in typhoon rainfall. The study proposes a unified framework for understanding tropical cyclone rainfall, accounting for precipitation efficiency and atmospheric dryness.
The study develops a new climate prediction method called SFA-based Climate Prediction (SCP) that extracts predictable signals from precipitation data. It demonstrates higher prediction skill than two dynamical models and a hybrid dynamical–statistical system, providing a new approach for regional seasonal precipitation prediction.
A large-scale expansion of offshore wind energy could lead to increased precipitation over offshore wind farm areas, while precipitation in adjacent coastal regions could decrease. This is due to wind turbines extracting part of the wind's kinetic energy and increasing atmospheric turbulence.
A recent study published in Nature found that Antarctica's brief rebound in 2021-2023 was caused by climate variability, not a new normal. The researchers linked the extra precipitation to the tropical warm pool, a warm patch of ocean in the western Pacific and eastern Indian oceans, which made an outsized contribution to extreme weath...
A new study reveals that Antarctica's recent snowfall surge was caused by climate variability, not a long-term trend. The surge added mass to East Antarctica, but mass loss continued in West Antarctica, highlighting the need for continued monitoring and research.
Researchers at Rice University found a connection between droughts in mainland Southeast Asia and extreme precipitation in Central Asia. The study used paleoclimate records to reconstruct historic moisture patterns and climate model simulations to investigate the mechanisms driving these events.
Xinjiang's snowpack serves as a seasonal water reservoir, affecting agriculture and mountain-oasis systems. The region experienced an increase in warm-dry snow droughts after 2000, driven by both warming and precipitation deficits.
A breakthrough study reveals that powerful solar storms can lead to sharp changes in North American weather patterns, including declines in precipitation. The more intense the storm, the more dramatic the shift in weather.
Researchers from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics have discovered the molecular mechanism behind V(II) precipitation in vanadium electrolytes. By introducing acetonitrile and HCl as co-additives, they created a dual-site solvation engineering strategy that boosts electrolyte stability at low temperatures.
A study found that a mean annual precipitation threshold of 700 mm shifts dominant controls on ecosystem nitrogen retention. In dry ecosystems, higher precipitation leads to greater plant diversity and reduced nitrogen loss.
Snow cover on Greek mountains has declined by 58% over the past four decades due to rising temperatures. The research found that warmer air causes more precipitation to fall as rain instead of snow at high altitudes.
Researchers have discovered that changes in African topography led to enhanced South Asian summer monsoon precipitation during the Early to Middle Miocene. This phenomenon was driven by altered atmospheric circulation patterns and moisture transport, resulting in increased convective activity and strengthening of the monsoon. The findi...
A new review paper reveals that land surfaces in humid monsoon regions shape precipitation characteristics through complex interactions. High-resolution satellite observations and convection-permitting climate models reveal a nuanced understanding of surface moisture, energy balance, and atmospheric dynamics. This challenges the tradit...
A new study by Stanford University reveals that Antarctic sea ice extent grew for decades until 2016, when it declined abruptly due to the release of accumulated ocean heat. The researchers used data from autonomous floats in the global Argo array to analyze the relationship between wind-driven upwelling and sea ice variability.
The study found that complex terrain, particularly orographic gravity wave drag, significantly affects the location and intensity of extreme precipitation. Without this effect, the low-level mesoscale vortex moves westward, leading to decreased rainfall intensity and a northwestward shift of the rainfall center.
Researchers investigated the Mississippi River's hydrological trends, ocean carbon storage, and gender dynamics in flood mortality. A study found that precipitation increases, but soil moisture decreases, while high-resolution models reveal stronger Southern Ocean carbon absorption. Additionally, data showed men are overrepresented in ...
A new study found that Northwest China's precipitation increase since the late 1990s is largely driven by local sources, including enhanced evapotranspiration. The region's humidification trend is fueled by warming temperatures, vegetation recovery, and increased meltwater from glaciers and snowpack.
Researchers found that removing typhoon-induced precipitation leads to sharply declining soil moisture and more severe drought conditions worldwide. The effect of typhoons varies by region, acting as a condition that exacerbates drought in some areas, while mitigating it in others.
Researchers developed a new method to predict extreme rainfall in Japan, using Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation - Stochastic Partial Differential Equation (INLA-SPDE), which outperformed traditional kriging methods. The study used hourly precipitation data from 752 meteorological stations across four main islands of Japan and fo...
A new study evaluates the accuracy of ten satellite-based and reanalysis precipitation datasets using in-situ rain gauge measurements across Czechia from 2001 to 2021. The GSMaP dataset showed superior performance for rainy days, while ERA5-Land overestimated annual precipitation by 15–35%.
A research team evaluated 39 CMIP6 climate models to better understand their performance in simulating multiyear El Niño events and their impact on southern China's spring precipitation. Most models struggle to reproduce the associated precipitation anomalies, highlighting substantial inter-model differences.
Researchers improve extreme precipitation forecast accuracy using a novel CNOP-I scheme in a convection-allowing ensemble prediction system. The new method captures nonlinear evolution characteristics of weather systems, leading to more accurate predictions and reduced uncertainty.
Researchers have identified four synoptic patterns contributing to summer clustered extreme precipitation events in Northeast China, including eastward-moving low-altitude vortex and southwesterlies. The study provides a robust assessment of prerequisite conditions for these events and offers insights into short-term forecasting.
A study found that warming and increased precipitation weaken soil multifunctionality in semiarid grasslands by intensifying competition between bacteria and fungi. The researchers' findings showed a decline in microbial diversity, changes in fungal community structure, and reduced network complexity.
Research team created first high-resolution maps of tree species richness and structural diversity in China's natural forests. The study reveals that precipitation seasonality and forest age drive these two dimensions, with projections suggesting future biodiversity gains and challenges.
Researchers identify unique interannual variability in East China Sea summer precipitation, distinct from Western North Pacific subtropical high. Local cyclonic anomaly plays key role in promoting enhanced precipitation over the ECS.
A new study published in Journal of Climate reveals that high-resolution CMIP6 models more accurately simulate long-term summer precipitation trends in High Mountain Asia. The study found that higher resolution improves the simulation by reducing a wet bias, particularly over the southern margin and nearby regions.
A study published in Water Resources Research reveals that human groundwater pumping has depleted Tucson-area aquifers more than natural climate variation over the past few decades. The research team reconstructed groundwater ages, recharge rates, and water table depths using chemical and isotopic markers.
A study by Pusan National University finds that aerosols intensify ocean rainfall while delaying land storms, affecting water resources and flood protection. High aerosol levels alter precipitation patterns, with increased rainfall over the ocean and decreased rainfall over land.
A Kyoto University study found that a 4 degree global temperature increase will intensify extreme precipitation and make it stronger by 7% per degree of warming. However, favorable conditions for extreme precipitation occur when atmospheric moisture is sufficient, not on the hottest days.
The Sahara Desert is expected to see a significant increase in rainfall by the second half of the 21st century, with some regions experiencing up to 25% more precipitation. Researchers warn that this change will have far-reaching consequences for billions of people in Africa and beyond.
A new study reveals that the North Atlantic Ocean's sea surface temperature dipole influences summer precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau through atmospheric teleconnection processes. This finding provides a new framework for understanding rainfall variability and has significant implications for climate risk management in the region.
Researchers optimized a key land surface parameter to reduce the wet bias of climate models for the Tibetan Plateau. The adjustments weakened land-atmosphere interactions, leading to a 16% decrease in precipitation estimates and improved accuracy at 66% of rain gauge stations.
Researchers improved WRF model precipitation simulation by optimizing Grell-Freitas cumulus scheme and Turbulent Orographic Form Drag scheme. This approach reduced overestimation of precipitation across the Tibetan Plateau.
A new study reveals that a slowdown in the Atlantic Ocean current could halve annual precipitation in tropical regions, drying out rainforests and upending ecosystems. Climate change is predicted to weaken the current, leading to significant reductions in rainfall over Central America, the Amazon, and West Africa.
A new framework developed by Northwestern University and UCLA scientists integrates various water-related processes with a machine-learning model to predict landslide threats. The framework identifies three main pathways leading to landslides: intense rainfall, rain on already saturated soils, and melting snow or ice.
A new study uses 100 ensemble members to analyze near-term precipitation projections for the QP, finding a complex east–west dipole pattern influenced by the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation. This helps increase consistency of precipitation projections.
Marine microorganisms produce sugar compounds that enter the atmosphere through sea spray, contributing to cloud and precipitation formation. These polysaccharides are found to be the most important ice nuclei in clean air over the oceans around Antarctica.
Researchers at KIT have developed a new AI method that generates high-resolution precipitation maps from low-resolution data, offering improved assessments of regional climate risks and disaster control. The model provides physically plausible precipitation maps with statistical uncertainty, applicable to diverse climatic conditions.
A new study finds that climate change and aerosols have led to lower precipitation in the Southwest, making drought inevitable. The research predicts continued drought conditions as the planet warms.
A multinational research team analyzed life history trait data for 1,613 fish species across 14 major rivers worldwide. They found significant variation in life history traits among river systems, strongly associated with key environmental variables.
Research reveals rainfall dramatically affects planktonic fungal communities in urban lakes, reducing species richness and evenness. Parasitic fungi emerge as key biomarkers, with changes in their abundance and distribution observed following precipitation.
A recent HKUST study attributes an alarming 40% increase in fast-propagating MJO events by the late 21st century. This acceleration will become more frequent in the near-future, posing a threat to global precipitation whiplashes and compound hazards.
Researchers found a significant positive trend in tree growth since the 20th century due to low-latitude warming. This growth acceleration is attributed to enhanced regional temperatures and precipitation, promoting tree growth conditions.
The study found that biological particles like pollen and plant matter are effective at forming ice in clouds, leading to precipitation. The researchers suggest that weather models should consider these particles, which are expected to increase in the atmosphere as temperatures rise.
A new study from geologists at the University of Colorado Boulder found that ancient Mars was likely warm and wet, with valleys and channels formed by heavy precipitation. The team's findings add new evidence to a long-running debate in planetary science and suggest that water played a key role in shaping the Martian surface.
A new study found that nutrient availability plays a crucial role in the relationship between precipitation and plant biomass. In grasslands, plant biomass increases with higher mean annual precipitation, but nutrient availability also comes into play. Fertilizing sites with multiple nutrients boosted plant growth and biomass, revealin...
A new study reveals that the Saharo-Arabian Desert experienced recurrent humid intervals over the past eight million years, supporting migrations of water-dependent animals, including early ancestors. These wetter periods likely sustained monsoonal precipitation from the South, which gradually weakened over millions of years.
A Cornell University-led study predicts long-term increases in precipitation over East Asia and the Western U.S. as the Southern Ocean warms, regardless of climate mitigation efforts. The research suggests that accounting for cloud feedbacks in climate models can help explain uncertainties and improve predictions.
Researchers evaluate traditional precipitation phase partitioning methods and machine learning models, revealing near-freezing temperatures create inherent limitations in distinguishing between rain and snow. Accurate identification is critical for weather forecasting, hydrologic modeling, and climate research.
Research reveals Atlantic Ocean storms are primary drivers of Sahara lake filling, contradicting previous theories. Heavy precipitation events triggered by extreme rainstorms reshape water availability in the desert, with implications for ecosystems and human settlements.
A new study shows that climate change affects short-term precipitation events lasting hours by significantly increasing their frequency, while longer-term rainfall events lasting days are influenced by global weather phenomena like El Niéo. This distinction is crucial for assessing the risk of flooding in different regions.
A study found that nearly 75% of US counties experienced major power outages alongside severe weather events between 2018-2020. Severe precipitation and heat were most common triggers for outages, with regional patterns varying across the country.
A study found that large-scale power outages commonly occur alongside severe weather events in the US, particularly during heavy precipitation and heat. The researchers suggest that understanding patterns of co-occurring outages and severe weather events is crucial for developing mitigation and response tactics.
Researchers analyzed tropical storm-related precipitation to understand its impact on local water resources and provide insights into climate predictions. The study aims to help communities prepare for extreme storms and manage water resources before and after the storms.
Researchers have identified a critical link between tropical ocean temperatures and rainfall patterns in the Middle East, shedding light on the complexities of forecasting seasonal weather. The study found that positive phases of the El Niño Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole significantly increase rainfall, while negative ph...
Researchers developed a new data assimilation algorithm using the LETKF technique to enhance global precipitation estimates. The model improved accuracy and computational efficiency, making it suitable for large-scale applications, particularly in mountainous regions.
A new study found that intensive farming and shallow groundwater in the US Corn Belt increase precipitation recycling by almost 30%, providing a significant boost to rainfall during the growing season. The research, published in PNAS, used advanced computer modeling techniques to quantify the impact of these factors on regional climate.