Articles tagged with Environmental Engineering
A new approach using Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetics offers a direct fix for estimating nutrient uptake length in streams. The zero-order method substantially outperforms the first-order approach under saturation, providing more accurate estimates of stream filtration capacity.
The GlycoHBF dataset maps protein and glycosylation landscapes across 15 human body fluids, providing a crucial reference framework for research. The study establishes the baseline molecular profiles of healthy and non-malignant body fluids, enabling differentiation between normal physiological variation and pathological changes.
Researchers discover hydrogen radicals play central role in PFAS degradation under high-energy UV light, breaking down molecules into smaller, less persistent compounds. This breakthrough provides a clearer understanding of the underlying mechanism and challenges previous assumptions.
Researchers found that improved lighting design combined with modern LED technology can reduce household energy use and enhance comfort. The study showed a 15.3% reduction in energy consumption by optimising lighting planning and positioning using software-based approaches.
Researchers at the University of Houston have developed an AI-driven framework to extract and analyze historical flood insurance maps, uncovering significant changes in flood hazard areas. The study reveals that flood risks have expanded in two areas and reduced in one, with critical consequences for resilience and exposure.
Harvard engineers develop new method to preserve long molecular chains in natural rubber, resulting in composite materials that are both stiff and tough. The innovation has the potential to cut waste, reduce tire dust pollution, and open new avenues for high-performance elastomers.
Researchers find crab shell waste alters microbial communities on biodegradable plastics, reducing breakdown rate. The effect persists even without direct contact, suggesting biochemical compounds released from crab shells trigger changes in the plastisphere.
Quaise Energy is building the world's first power plant using superhot geothermal energy, with the goal of producing at least 50 megawatts of clean electricity. The project aims to harness temperatures greater than 300 degrees C and validate its long-held hypothesis that higher subsurface temperatures can improve power production.
Researchers have found that asphalt releases volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the air, which can cause respiratory problems and even lung cancer. As pavement ages, these VOCs become more toxic and can lead to neurological damage. Scientists are working on developing less-toxic asphalt formulations using algae.
The Universitat Jaume I and AICE have established a joint GEA research laboratory to promote joint research and innovation in environmental engineering. The lab aims to foster knowledge transfer, train PhD graduates, and collaborate with companies in the region.
Researchers at Saarland University have developed energy-efficient geometries for elastocaloric cooling elements using 3D printing. The technology uses shape-memory alloys to release heat when stretched and absorb it when released, promising a cleaner alternative to traditional cooling methods.
Emerging AI technologies are enabling faster, smarter, and more integrated solutions to global challenges. AI-powered systems can track pollution levels, detect anomalies, and predict future risks in water, soil, air, and waste systems.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University discovered that dragonfly visual protein detects red light similarly to mammals. This finding has potential applications in medical fields relying on red light-sensing, such as optogenetics.
A five-year field study shows that small, repeated additions of biochar combined with water-saving irrigation can significantly reduce methane emissions from rice paddies over time while maintaining strong crop yields. Continuous application maintained and strengthened methane reduction, producing net negative emissions in some cases.
Researchers found that combining biochar with beneficial bacteria significantly improves phosphorus availability, reshaping plant development and increasing crop yields in greenhouse-grown cherry tomatoes. The study also showed that this approach can enhance soil fertility and crop productivity without increasing fertilizer inputs.
A new study reveals excavated urban soils as a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions, primarily carbon dioxide and methane. Biochar application and soil capping can dramatically reduce emissions by up to 96%, offering a practical climate solution for urban development.
A new study presents a framework combining biochar engineering with artificial intelligence to design next-generation materials tailored for specific pollutants. The work highlights how advanced data-driven approaches can accelerate the development of sustainable water treatment technologies.
A new study found that biochar can significantly reduce methane emissions from rice paddies when applied at optimal nitrogen levels. However, high nitrogen inputs may actually increase methane emissions, highlighting the need for careful management of fertilizer inputs.
A new aquaculture facility is being built in Namie Town, Fukushima Prefecture, to support Benizake salmon farming using 'The Third Water'. The facility will have a capacity over eight times larger than the existing tank and aims to raise fish from eggs and ship them two years later.
A new study by the University of Stirling found that beaver-created wetlands had 19% more species than other types of wetland. The research team believes their findings could hint at the scale of past biodiversity loss associated with a lack of beaver-dependent wetlands.
A new model developed by MIT scientists suggests that the hydroxyl radical, a key air cleanser, may boost methane breakdown levels due to rising water vapor but also reduce them due to increased biogenic emissions, resulting in a small net gain in its effectiveness.
A study by Washington University in St. Louis researchers found that diamond dust is not suitable for strategic stratospheric aerosol injection due to its effects on acid rain, ozone layer degradation and human health. The study's results reduce the viability of using a 'diamond shield' to cool the planet.
A comprehensive meta-analysis reveals that biochar functions as a highly active biological regulator, restructuring the earth to boost porosity and moisture retention. Biochar disrupts the soil's nitrogen cycle by suppressing specific enzyme activities, slowing down processes like nitrification and denitrification.
A new study reveals that transforming biomass from dedicated energy crops into biochar could provide a cost-effective and scalable solution for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, helping China move closer to its carbon neutrality goals. Biochar can lock carbon in soils for decades or even centuries while improving soil health.
A study by Jeonbuk National University researchers highlights the potential risks of chemical-enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) sewage sludge, but also shows that thermal treatment can lead to secondary heavy metal pollution. The team recommends using lower pyrolysis temperatures to enhance sustainability.
A three-year grant from the Great Lakes Water Authority funds a research team led by Wayne State University to improve phosphorus removal efficiency at the GLWA Water Resource Recovery Facility. The project aims to reduce harmful algal blooms and ensure compliance with stringent environmental regulations.
Aging silicon-rich biochar reduces cadmium uptake in leafy vegetables, improving plant resistance to heavy metal stress. The material reshapes soil microbial communities, contributing to reduced cadmium availability.
The Global Coral Tech Transfer Project brings together SECORE International, Australian Institute of Marine Science, and FUNDEMAR to share coral breeding techniques and technologies for large-scale restoration. The partnership aims to create a comprehensive toolbox for boosting reef resilience worldwide.
Researchers found that diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) exposure significantly increases conjugative transfer frequency of antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria, particularly through oxidative stress and altered cell membrane permeability. This study provides a mechanistic framework for understanding the ecological risks posed by DIBP.
A new study from Jeonbuk National University finds that current national climate pledges are insufficient to meet the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C temperature goal. The analysis projects a potential warming of 2.48°C by 2300 if countries follow existing plans, highlighting the need for stronger and more immediate action.
A study found that WWTP upgrades improved river water quality by reducing total nitrogen concentrations. The upgrade triggered significant shifts in bacterial communities' composition and nitrogen-cycling functions, while viral communities adjusted their functional strategies.
A new research project, (not)NOISY, aims to predict cumulative underwater noise produced by tidal turbine arrays before they are built. The team will develop advanced models and AI-assisted tools to quantify how noise travels through marine environments, supporting informed decision-making.
Researchers found widespread occurrence of tri-OPEs and di-OPEs in the Tibetan Plateau's terrestrial ecosystem. The study confirmed the trophic dilution behavior of OPEs along a representative food chain, with bio-transformation and metabolism playing key roles.
Research from Princeton University reveals that nations globally underreport greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater facilities by up to 27%. Accurate estimates are crucial for sound public reporting and practical decision-making in the wastewater sector. The study finds that wastewater systems offer strong options for emissions reduc...
Scientists have discovered how engineered biochar and microbes work together to enhance phytoremediation by improving soil conditions and stimulating beneficial microbes. The study found that modified biochar substantially increased plant growth, boosted photosynthesis, and promoted the transfer of cadmium from roots to stems and leaves.
A new mechanochemical approach uses water as a catalyst to transform renewable resources into high-performance porous materials capable of capturing CO2 while removing pollutants. The method produces carbon-negative materials with exceptional hydrophobic characteristics and scalable production.
Researchers at Jeonbuk National University have developed a new method for detecting microplastics using metal oxide electrodes, offering a rapid and sensitive solution for environmental monitoring. The technology has the potential to replace traditional spectroscopic methods with its portability, low cost, and real-time capabilities.
Researchers found that Southern California beaches experienced a significant widening of 10% between 1984 and 2024, while Northern California showed moderate growth, and Central California showed no significant trend. Beach growth was concentrated at human-made coastal structures.
The University of East London and STRABAG UK have developed a pioneering low-carbon grout that replaces traditional cement-heavy annulus grout, reducing embodied carbon by over 61%. The innovation uses repurposed construction waste and agricultural by-products to create a sustainable alternative.
Researchers at Jeonbuk National University have developed a new Prussian-blue based electrode that can effectively remove cesium from water. The electrode, made by combining Prussian blue with chemically treated carbon cloth, demonstrates high capacity for cesium adsorption and excellent reusability.
Researchers at KIT have achieved a significant milestone in compressorless hydrogen gas turbine technology, extending runtime to over five minutes. The innovation saves energy and increases efficiency by utilizing pressure-gain combustion, making it an attractive option for fossil-free energy systems.
A record-breaking sediment core 700 km from Antarctica's nearest stations provides direct evidence of how the West Antarctic Ice Sheet and Ross Ice Shelf responded to warmer temperatures. The core, measuring 228 meters in length, contains layers of mud and rock documenting environmental conditions during earlier warm periods.
Researchers have developed a new method for cleaning oil spills using massive fire whirls, which can burn through crude oil nearly twice as fast as in-situ fire pools. The results show that fire whirls produce 40% less soot and consume up to 95% of the fuel, leaving fewer harmful particles behind.
A study analyzing news reports, social media posts, and internet search data during the 2022-2023 South Korea drought found that public views change depending on problem size and distance from people. Public interest, emotions, and behavior also shifted as the disaster scale changed.
A study published in Carbon Research reveals that a unique Ca-modified biochar can act as a powerful catalyst for the composting process, transforming pig manure and rice straw into stable, nutrient-rich humus. The innovation helps improve waste management in tropical regions, reducing nitrogen loss and environmental footprint.
Scientists at the University of Sharjah develop eco-friendly bricks using desert sand, replacing traditional Portland cement and reducing global CO2 emissions. The new bricks outperform conventional bricks in terms of energy use, cost, and environmental impact.
Researchers from Hokkaido University used a new method to track groundwater levels and greenhouse gas emissions in Southeast Asia's peatlands, finding they release more gases than previously thought. Human activities like drainage and agriculture increase emissions by tripling or sixfolding, contributing 30% of Japan's annual emissions.
Researchers at Chiba University developed oxygen-functionalized graphene membranes that selectively separate carbon dioxide from methane while maintaining high permeability. The study demonstrates the potential of graphene-based filtration systems for next-generation gas purification, enabling cheaper and cleaner energy production.
A new framework developed by researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology enables builders to reuse structural elements confidently, extending the lifespan of used concrete by 50-100 years. The study's findings show that reusing concrete is one of the most effective ways to cut emissions and reduce waste in construction.
Agricultural waste from crops like wheat, rice, and maize can act as a powerful carbon sink when diverted into construction products. The study finds that these materials can store carbon for decades rather than releasing it within months.
A 40-year greening project in China's Taklamakan Desert has successfully reduced atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and increased solar-induced fluorescence, indicating a measurable carbon sink. The project demonstrates the potential of afforestation to mitigate climate change, despite being only a small dent in global emissions.
A new study develops a video-based method to measure cardiopulmonary coupling, synchronizing heartbeat and breathing variations without contact. This approach produces consistent results with traditional devices, offering a promising solution for long-term monitoring and comfort.
Scientists develop ultra-selective crystalline membranes to recycle polluted textile wastewater and improve pharmaceutical medicine purity. The technology could significantly reduce energy consumption, enabling large-scale water reuse in industries.
Engineered biochar shows promise in boosting crop yields, suppressing soil-borne diseases, and remediating contaminated land. Purpose-specific design is essential for optimal performance.
A data-rich review suggests that forest biological resources can offset up to 750 gigatonnes of CO₂ by mid-century if processing efficiency rises and green premiums fall. Engineered beams, biochar, and bioethanol can store carbon for decades, offering a 74% lifecycle GHG cut versus gasoline.
A three-year study by the University of Stirling has shown that Himalayan balsam disrupts riverbank stability, causing erosion during high-flow periods. This leads to increased sedimentation, damaging habitats and wildlife, and changes to river shape and structure.
A long-term study in Türkiye examines wolf–human interactions, revealing that conflicts cluster in areas with widespread rural livestock farming. The research highlights the impact of human-driven factors such as road networks and habitat fragmentation on conflict risk.
A new study found that fine rubber crumbs from recycled tires can release high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into the environment, contaminating soil and water. The smallest particles released the most toxic chemicals, posing risks to organisms, plants, and potentially human health.