Articles tagged with Risk Assessment
A six-year California records analysis found that vaginal mesh use is not associated with an increased risk of repeat surgery for recurrent prolapse. Careful patient selection is key to achieving good outcomes. The study suggests using strategies to balance surgical complication risks versus the risk of surgery for recurrent prolapse.
The new GSA resource provides practical advice for gerontological professionals to support safe use of OTC analgesics in older adults. Key findings highlight the importance of evaluating pain thoroughly and developing a care plan, with consideration of nonprescription treatment options.
A national population-based cohort study found that weight loss surgery reduced the risk of hormone-related cancers (breast, endometrial, or prostate cancer) by 77%. However, gastric bypass was associated with a greater than twofold increased risk of colorectal cancer.
The USPSTF concludes that current evidence is insufficient to make recommendations on screening for PAD and CVD risk with ABI in asymptomatic adults. Additionally, the task force finds that adding ABI, hsCRP level, and CAC score to traditional risk assessments does not prevent CVD events in asymptomatic adults.
A new study reveals that many drivers do not perceive texting and driving as dangerous, despite being six times more likely to be involved in a car crash. The study found that factors such as fear of missing out and separation anxiety contribute to this behavior.
A predictive model analysis of Medicare claims reveals that less than 5% of end-of-life healthcare spending goes to those with a mortality risk above 50%, who are more likely to survive. Adjusting for the amount spent on sick individuals, 30-50% of end-of-life spending can be eliminated without affecting survival rates or quality of life
A new study by researchers at Uppsala University found that the pesticide linuron impairs male frogs' fertility and causes a female-biased sex ratio. The study used the West African clawed frog as a model organism to investigate the effects of pesticides on amphibian reproduction.
The USPSTF recommends against adding ECG screening to standard risk assessment to prevent CVD events in asymptomatic adults at low risk. Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death among adults in the United States, but ECG screening has not been proven to reduce CVD events.
Removal of tonsils and adenoids in childhood increases long-term risks of respiratory, allergic, and infectious diseases. The study suggests delaying surgery if possible to aid normal immune system development and reduce potential later-life disease risks.
A new study by Rice University sociologist Robert Werth suggests that risk assessment tools in the US parole system contribute to higher incarceration rates. The study found that these tools consider everyone a risk, leading to an environment where most people are supervised closely.
Researchers have identified a safer way to make rugby tackles by reducing the impact on the head. The recommended techniques include tackling at the lower trunk and avoiding high-impact tackles to the upper trunk. These strategies aim to minimize the risk of concussions and other head injuries.
The study analyzed geographic, organizational, and system levels relating to fluoride varnish administration and risk-based oral evaluations. Key findings include the importance of proper training, access to patient data, and leadership engagement in facilitating interprofessional oral health practices.
A recent study published in Risk Analysis found that the public expects self-driving vehicles (SDVs) to be four to five times as safe as human-driven vehicles. To be accepted, SDVs must reduce traffic fatalities by at least 75-80%.
Arthritis patients with poor sleep quality reported lower weekly minutes of moderate-vigorous activity. Participants with restless sleep had 11.9% and 23.7% less physical activity compared to those with rare restless sleep.
A new combined risk score model integrates CHA2DS2-VASc and Intermountain Risk Scores to derive and validate a new stroke prediction score, nearly doubling ability to predict stroke risk. The integrated IMRS-VASc model assigns people more accurately to the risk group that relates to their actual prognosis.
Researchers have detected small earthquakes caused by migrating gases in the underground, particularly in the Istanbul-Marmara region. The study found that natural gas reservoirs near tectonic disturbances can trigger weaker earthquakes as a result of gas escaping and moving upwards.
The AVIATOR 2 international registry found significant discrepancies between physician-perceived risks and calculated scores for stroke, ischemic risk, and bleeding in patients with AF undergoing PCI. The study used a novel smartphone-based survey to capture physician and patient perspectives on antithrombotic therapies after PCI.
A study published in The Lancet found that excessive oxygen therapy increases mortality among critically ill patients. Data from over 16,000 adult patients with various acute conditions revealed a 21% higher risk of in-hospital death with liberal oxygen administration.
The US military is developing a machine-learning tool to help primary care doctors better detect suicide risk and respond more effectively, with an 80-90% accuracy rate. The tool will be integrated into the Navy's electronic health records and provide real-time alerts to doctors.
A large Danish study found that individuals with clinically-diagnosed diabetes were identified 2.2 years later than those in the screening group, resulting in lower healthcare costs. The study suggests that early detection and treatment of type 2 diabetes could lead to significant cost savings.
A new study published in Risk Analysis: An International Journal reveals that individuals' past tornado experiences significantly impact their perception of future tornado risks. The research found that memorable past experiences shape people's fear, dread, worry, and depression, while multiple experiences influence their belief that t...
Internet gaming disorder has a complex background of personal, familial, and environmental factors that increase risk for certain individuals. The review notes the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) is a good starting point for diagnosing IGD.
A study found that structural and functional connections between the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex are associated with individual differences in risk tolerance. Individuals with higher risk tolerance had larger amygdalas and more functional connections, suggesting a link between brain function and economic decision-making.
A study from the University of Iowa found that pre-pregnant women with higher fitness levels had a 21% lower risk of developing gestational diabetes. Moderate physical activity, such as brisk walking, can help reduce this risk.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Lipidology found that omega-3 levels were better predictors of death risk than serum cholesterol. The study showed a 33% reduction in mortality risk among participants with highest omega-3 blood levels, indicating a potential marker for overall health.
Researchers developed a framework to measure an athlete's risk of injury using IoT technology, combining data from smartphones, devices, and injury surveillance. The study found that athletes who played at least eight games had more than three times greater odds of injury occurrence.
A comprehensive review of gaps in risk assessments for adjuvants in commercial pesticides highlights the need for new regulations to protect people and the environment. The review found that exposure to environmental levels of some adjuvant mixtures can affect non-target organisms and even cause chronic human disease.
A new study presents a machine learning algorithm that accurately predicts heart attack diagnoses with a 94% accuracy rate, outperforming standard clinical models. The algorithm uses large collections of patient data to identify patterns and improve routine processes in healthcare delivery.
A study found that commonly used ICU risk scores can be adapted to provide continuous updates on the severity of illness in critically ill patients. The scores, including APACHE, SOFA, and DRS, showed good accuracy in predicting mortality risk and were more responsive to changes in patient condition.
A Taiwanese database study of 55,629 patients with hypertension found no significant difference in cardiovascular risk between cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme selective NSAIDs and nonselective NSAIDs. Most commonly used NSAIDs have similar cardiovascular safety profiles under low-to-moderate daily doses and short-term treatment periods.
A new study published in HeartRhythm found that blacks with atrial fibrillation are more likely to experience an ischemic stroke before or after diagnosis compared to white patients. The study analyzed data from nearly 3,500 patients and showed that black patients were 62% more likely to have had an ischemic stroke prior to AF diagnosis.
A 25-year study found a higher risk of fatal traffic crashes after 4:20 p.m. on April 20 compared to the same time period on other days. The study analyzed data from 1.3 million drivers involved in 882,483 crashes between 1992 and 2016.
A new study has found that a short five-minute treadmill test can predict the risk of premature death, similar to the traditional maximal fitness test. This submaximal fitness test requires less time and is more comfortable for patients, making it an attractive option for clinicians.
Researchers develop risk assessment framework to incorporate three common failure modes into a comprehensive strategy. The analysis finds that any risk assessment must consider all pertinent failure modes of a structure.
Experts emphasize need for standardized quality review, transparent data sharing and greater stakeholder involvement in risk assessment. Workshop participants agree on importance of harmonized system for efficient regulation.
A new study found that individuals who choose to stay during wildfires have a higher tolerance for risk and believe they can prepare their property. Issuing voluntary or mandatory evacuation orders significantly decreases the odds of staying, while relying on physical cues increases the likelihood of waiting and seeing.
A study published in JAMA found that patients with a patent foramen ovale (PFO) are at increased risk of stroke after non-cardiac surgery. The researchers analyzed data from over 150,000 patients and found that approximately 3.2% of those with a PFO experienced a stroke within 30 days, compared to 0.5% without one.
A systematic review found that living kidney donors have higher diastolic blood pressure, poorer renal function, and increased risk of end-stage renal disease. Female donors are at increased risk for preeclampsia and pregnancy-related complications.
A review of evidence published in The BMJ found that smoking just one cigarette a day carries a higher risk of heart disease and stroke than expected. Smoking only a few cigarettes per day is associated with a significantly increased risk of these two major disorders, making it crucial for smokers to quit instead of cutting down.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation has published country-specific FRAX-based intervention and assessment thresholds for seven Latin American countries, enhancing fracture risk assessment. The thresholds vary significantly across the countries, emphasizing the need for tailored prevention programs.
A new study suggests that a widely used criminal risk assessment tool is no more accurate than untrained people in predicting recidivism. The researchers found that with fewer features, human predictions were just as accurate, and false positives were equally unfair to black defendants.
A study published in PNAS found that conflict in Ukraine has increased the risk of HIV outbreaks due to displaced people moving from war-affected regions to areas with higher risk of transmission. The research suggests that harm reduction services should be scaled up and international support provided to prevent further transmission.
Scientists analyzed various natural hazards like earthquakes, space weather events, and floods to understand their impact on power grid recovery time. The report highlights the importance of integrating risk assessment and management efforts across policy areas and improving cross-jurisdictional emergency management capabilities.
A new study found that an individual's history of past falls can significantly increase their risk of a new fracture. Even after accounting for FRAX and bone mineral density tests, past falls were associated with a 63%-71% increased risk of a new fracture occurring.
Researchers are using a new 3D mapping technique to assess the risk of space weather events on the US power grid. The method uses data from EarthScope to create detailed maps of ground conductivity, which can help identify vulnerable sections of transmission lines and inform real-time power-flow management.
A new study analyzed data from 60,000 parents and children to establish the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality risk. The research found that previous studies had underestimated the harmful effects of being overweight, with high BMI linked to increased mortality risk.
A new analysis of published studies found a 45% increased risk of congenital heart defects in IVF-conceived children compared to spontaneously conceived children. The study included 25,856 children from IVF and 287,995 from spontaneous conception, finding 1.30% and 0.68% cases of congenital heart defects respectively.
Mucosal healing is crucial in treating ulcerative colitis, as it reduces the risk of colorectal cancer. The study by Flores and colleagues reaffirms that ongoing inflammation increases cancer risk and may impact surveillance colonoscopies.
Researchers developed a predictive tool to accurately estimate cardiac risks for older patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. The 'Geriatric-Sensitive Perioperative Cardiac Risk Index' considers age-specific risk factors and significantly outperforms traditional tools.
Induction of labor at 40 weeks is associated with a lower risk of in-hospital perinatal death and meconium aspiration syndrome in nulliparous women over 35. The study analyzed data from 77,327 mothers giving birth between 2009 and 2014.
A pilot project tests a community-level assessment tool from Cuba on reproductive-age women and their families in Englewood, aiming to enhance provider awareness of home life and environments. The goal is to address maternal health and infant mortality outcomes, such as low birth rate and pre-term births.
Carnegie Mellon University researcher Kasey Creswell has received a $1.9 million NIH grant to investigate the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in young adults. The study will examine how participants respond to alcohol in a laboratory setting and translate findings to daily life experiences.
A new analysis found an approximate 80% increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth when women conceive through in vitro fertilization. This risk is significant enough to warrant ultrasound cervical screening to apply preventive strategies.
New research suggests that greater reductions in mean blood pressure may harm the kidneys, rather than benefiting them. In hypertensive patients, intensive blood pressure treatment was found to be associated with an increased risk of kidney function decline.
Researchers found TAVR to be highly cost-effective compared to SAVR in intermediate surgical risk patients with aortic stenosis. Over two years, follow-up costs were substantially lower with TAVR than SAVR, resulting in lifetime cost savings and improved quality-adjusted life expectancy.
The FRAX calculator has been widely adopted globally, helping clinicians make informed decisions based on multiple scientifically validated risk factors. A recent study confirms that intervention thresholds based on fracture probabilities are highly effective in targeting high-risk individuals.
The Energy efficiency Data Portal & Protocol (EeDaPP) Initiative aims to create a standardized reporting template for loan-by-loan energy efficient mortgage assets. This will enable large-scale tracking of performance and facilitate earmarking for energy efficient bond issuance.
A 28-study analysis reveals night shift workers are more likely to develop abdominal obesity and experience an increased risk of obesity compared to permanent day workers. Modifying working schedules to avoid prolonged exposure to long-term night shifts might help reduce this risk, according to the study.
The study reveals an association between body size and extinction risk among vertebrate species. The results indicate that lightest vertebrates are most at risk of habitat degradation due to human activities, while the heaviest vertebrates face a higher risk of direct killing by humans.
A new study suggests that specific genetic variants increase the risk of developing type 1 diabetes in later life, including after the age of 30. The research found that individuals with certain HLA genotypes have a higher likelihood of developing late-onset T1D and being diagnosed at an older age.