Articles tagged with Risk Assessment
Lower levels of alcohol may decrease the risk of developing an abdominal aortic aneurysm until approximately 15-20 g/day, according to a large analysis of published studies. The study found that quitting smoking remains the most effective way for people to stay healthy and active for longer.
A study from MIT suggests that cervical mucus analysis can predict preterm births, potentially allowing doctors to intervene earlier. Researchers found significant differences in mucus permeability and adhesiveness between women who delivered prematurely and those who did not.
A new assessment predicts fracture risk for patients in long-term care, identifying key factors such as age, mobility, and cognitive impairment. The tool has the potential to standardize fracture prevention efforts and save lives among nursing home residents.
A new study predicts shorter flood intervals for US coastal cities when considering both ocean water level rise and river flow, increasing overall flood risk. Researchers warn that as sea levels continue to rise, compound effects will further exacerbate coastal flooding.
A post-hoc analysis of the SPRINT trial suggests that a universal blood pressure target may not be suitable for all patients. For those with high systolic blood pressure readings, intensive treatment might not always be beneficial, and the harms of aggressive treatment could outweigh the benefits.
The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) and two other organizations will attend the GAIN Annual Convention to promote careers in departmental research. The event offers job opportunities and networking platforms for young German academics.
Three large trials found that screening for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors does not reduce mortality in the general population, but individuals diagnosed with diabetes experience reduced mortality rates. The studies suggest that benefits to the general population may be increased by targeting screening to those at grea...
Many young cancer patients are not receiving adequate fertility information and support, according to a new Psycho-Oncology review of published literature. The analysis found that clinicians' lack of knowledge and unclear roles hinder the provision of fertility preservation services.
A recent study found that vitamin D deficiency significantly increases the risk of heart failure in older individuals, with a 12.2-times higher risk observed. The study also revealed increased risks in men, obese individuals, and those with heart arrhythmias.
A meta-analysis of nearly 200 studies involving over 230,000 adults found a significant association between sexual assault and increased risk of mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The study suggests that sexual assault survivors are at higher risk of mental health problems regardle...
Researchers found that trend-based methods identified high-risk species with declining populations, while trait-based methods showed little pattern. The study highlights the importance of long-term monitoring and caution when using historical data for climate change risk assessments.
A global framework study shows that new dikes can effectively address flood risk, with benefits outweighing costs. The research provides critical information for policymakers, identifying regions where efficient investment in flood protection is needed.
A new study suggests that assessing orthostatic hypotension, a form of low blood pressure, within one minute of standing is more predictive of future falls and adverse outcomes. The study found that this measurement time was associated with the highest rates of fractures, fainting, and death.
A new study found that bone strength is an inherited measurement that can be used to identify genes important for skeletal health. High-resolution images allowed researchers to estimate bone strength, revealing a significant link between genetic determinants of bone mineral density and fracture risk.
A new global analysis shows that species most at risk live in areas just beginning to see the impacts of human activities. Intact forest landscapes deserve higher priority for conservation dollars than heavily impacted areas, according to researchers.
The Bundesgesundheitsblatt special issue explores the assessment strategies for possible health risks posed by contaminants in food, including dioxins, PFAS, nano and micro materials, and metals. The study highlights the need for regular updates to understanding the risks due to changing environmental conditions and industrial processes.
A new risk assessment tool has been developed by Cedars-Sinai researchers to predict and prevent sudden cardiac arrest. The score is calculated using widely available and inexpensive 12-lead electrocardiogram (EKG) technology, and patients with scores above 4 have a 20 times increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest.
Berkeley Lab awards $4.6 million for two projects to mitigate risks in California's natural gas system, focusing on risk management and ground deformation monitoring. The projects will help facility operators detect leaks early and prevent catastrophic events.
A new analysis suggests that non-selective beta-blockers are associated with a 22% increased risk of falling compared to selective beta-blockers. The study of over 10,000 individuals found no association between selective beta-blocker use and fall risk.
A new report by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre presents the state-of-the-art in disaster risk management, highlighting the importance of science in preventing disasters and saving lives. The report identifies knowledge gaps and needs for further research to improve responses to natural hazards.
A recent analysis of 16 studies found that fluoxetine use during the first trimester is associated with a 18% increased relative risk of major malformations and a 36% increased risk of cardiovascular malformations.
A new USC study found that most US air travelers (60-80%) are unwilling to trade off convenience and wait longer for equal treatment in aviation security screenings. Only about half of respondents would be willing to pay up to $15 or tolerate more contraband on flights.
A recent study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that patients with ADHD who received medication had lower rates of motor vehicle crashes compared to those without medication. The study analyzed over 2.3 million US patients with ADHD and found a significant association between medication use and reduced MVC risk, regardless of gender.
A Cleveland Clinic survey found that individuals with healthier lifestyles, including regular exercise and a balanced diet, were less likely to have a personal history of colorectal cancer or colon polyps. However, less than 10% of respondents met daily fruit and vegetable intake recommendations.
A new computer model assesses real-time Zika epidemic risk in US cities by combining population dynamics, historical infection rates, socioeconomics, and mosquito density. The model predicts that certain counties in Texas have the highest risk of Zika transmission, while others have nearly no risk.
A study published in The BMJ found no association between long-term gluten intake and the risk of coronary heart disease in people without celiac disease. However, restricting dietary gluten may lead to a low intake of whole grains, which are associated with cardiovascular benefits.
A new study found that cervical cancer incidence rates among women without a hysterectomy increase with age until 70 and do not begin to decline until 85. Many women over 65 have inadequate screening history, highlighting the need for continued surveillance.
US bridges may be more vulnerable than previously thought, according to a new Stanford study. The research found that frequent flooding and extreme events driven by climate change could lead to increased collapses, with up to $250 billion in direct costs.
Researchers at New York Institute of Technology found that the radial artery may be useful for assessing heart disease risk, as it exhibits positive correlations with key risk factors. This discovery could lead to a new way to measure systemic atherosclerosis and improve cardiovascular health monitoring.
Gambling addiction is characterized by excessive risk-taking despite negative results, according to Kyoto University research. The study found that addicts have a poor ability to assess and adapt to high-risk situations, leading to an unhealthy bent towards risky choices.
Researchers developed a novel network-based climate stress-test methodology to assess climate risks in investments portfolios, considering policy scenarios. Combined exposures of financial investors' equity portfolios to climate-policy relevant sectors are large, amplifying risk through indirect exposures.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a new, automated technology to analyze the potential for rockfalls from cliffs onto roads and areas below. The system, called a 'rockfall activity index,' uses LIDAR technology to map large areas quickly and accurately assess risks.
A modified Fistula Risk Score (FRS) based on ACS NSQIP data helps surgeons identify high-risk patients for anastomotic leak after pancreas resection. The risk score also assesses the quality of patient care and evaluates new interventions to prevent fistula development.
A recent review suggests that a family history of prostate cancer does not increase the risk of more aggressive cancer progression. Men with a family history should discuss risks and options with their doctor, and further research is needed to confirm these findings, particularly among African American men.
Researchers argue that new international banking regulations would not be effective in reducing the risk of financial crises. Instead, they propose restructing financial networks to increase resilience while avoiding efficiency loss. A state-of-the-art model suggests capital surcharges are insufficient to control systemic risk.
Experts call for improved surveillance, latest testing technology, and further research on glyphosate's impact on human health and the environment. The current safety standards may fail to protect public health and the environment from potential harm.
A study of 9,410 women without prior childbirth found that fetal fibronectin levels and transvaginal cervical length had poor predictive performance for spontaneous preterm birth. These tests are often used to identify women at risk of preterm birth, but their accuracy is lower than expected.
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has found no evidence of increased transmissibility or sustainable human-to-human transmission of the highly pathogenic A(H7N9) virus. New genetic mutations have been detected, but their impact on poultry and human risk remains unclear.
Researchers created high-resolution risk maps for clonorchiasis in China, highlighting provinces with the highest risk of infection and important predictors. The study found that elevation, distance to freshwater bodies, and land cover type were associated with infection risk, informing targeted control activities.
A new study assesses potential climate damage to 19 major European coastal cities, predicting annual economic losses ranging from $1.2 billion to over $40 billion by 2100. The study emphasizes the need for adaptation measures to avoid critical damage and major losses.
A large-scale study published in The BMJ found that taking neuraminidase inhibitors during pregnancy does not increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes. The study analyzed nearly 6,000 women who received these medications and did not find a link to low birth weight, stillbirth, or birth defects.
Researchers found that interactive health apps with back-and-forth conversations can promote healthier lifestyles. However, a conversational tone may lead users to feel less susceptible to health risks like obesity and diabetes.
A new risk model developed by researchers at the University of Delaware allows lima bean growers to assess their fields' risk of downy mildew, a fungal-like disease. The tool provides a numeric scale from 1 to 10 and takes into account individual tolerance levels.
The International Potato Center launched an online mobile-accessible Pest Risk Atlas for Africa to assess potential pest risks under current and future climate conditions. The atlas provides detailed information for pest risk analysis, including detection and identification, means of movement and dispersal, and phytosanitary measures.
Scientists have developed a new modification to the Gutenberg-Richter law to better predict large earthquakes. This improved model takes into account the finite size of the Earth and provides more accurate estimates of seismic risk. The researchers hope their findings will be useful in evaluating economic losses from potential disasters.
A new study finds that CMS and care providers lack predictive models needed to assess risks patients face after joint replacement. Hospital systems are apprehensive of getting penalized inadvertently because CJR's current payment model does not include a risk adjustment method.
Experts recommend using risk assessment to regulate endocrine disrupting substances, considering exposure and effects on sensitive species. Hazard assessments are suitable in absence of sufficient data.
Analysis of US data from 2002 to 2012 reveals significantly higher cervical cancer mortality rates among black women (77% higher) and white women (47% higher), with disparities increasing over time. Black women's corrected mortality rate is 10.1 per 100,000 women, compared to 5.7 for uncorrected rates.
A UMass Amherst researcher argues that a historical investigation error led to the adoption of the LNT model, which challenged fundamental beliefs about ionizing radiation effects. The corrected research supports a threshold rather than linear dose response for carcinogens.
A new analysis of eight studies reveals that elderly individuals who experience a hip fracture are at higher risk of dying in the short term after the injury. Long-term risks also exist, with fractures linked to nearly twofold increased risk of dying eight years or more after the injury.
A study published in The BMJ found that surgical patients with migraines are at a higher risk of stroke and hospital readmission. Patients with migraine with aura were found to be at the highest risk, with an estimated 6.3 strokes per 1,000 patients.
New research highlights the importance of including physical, political, cultural and socio-economic factors in natural hazard risk assessments. Syrian refugees living in seismically active regions of Turkey could boost the death toll from a major earthquake by up to 20 percent.
A large analysis of current research reveals that consuming at least 20g of nuts per day can significantly reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, cancer, and premature death. The study found a 30% reduction in heart disease risk, a 15% reduction in cancer risk, and a 22% reduction in premature death risk.
Researchers found that estimating fitness can predict future risk of premature death from all causes, making it an easy and cost-effective tool for medical professionals. The study analyzed data from 38,480 men and women and found no need for complicated risk score algorithms.
Research from Binghamton University finds that pupil dilation in response to negative emotional faces predicts risk for depression relapse among women with a history of major depressive disorder. High or low reactivity to angry faces is associated with increased risk, while low reactivity to sad faces may be protective.
The new research framework lays out two sets of options for support: curative measures to address unavoidable risks, and transformative risk management to build resilience against climate-related impacts. This analysis provides a way to work towards consensus and principled action for dealing with critical climate-related risks.
Researchers found no association between sex and risk of kidney damage when analyzing studies that took patient characteristics into account. Women are more likely to develop kidney damage following cardiovascular surgery, but this link is disputed when adjusting for comorbidities.
Healthcare workers who cared for Ebola patients in Sierra Leone described relying on training, guidelines, and equipment to manage risks. They also emphasized the importance of being prepared to face highly contagious and deadly diseases, a concern relevant to global health, according to Dr. Asa Hornsten.
The BfR has updated its joint research strategy to focus on application-safe and environmentally friendly nanomaterials development and use. The new approach aims to ensure sustainable material use across the entire life cycle, from production to disposal.
Researchers have identified three objective criteria to quickly identify patients with zero chance of survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) who can be considered for organ donation. These criteria include lack of witness emergency medical services personnel, nonshockable initial cardiac rhythm, and failure to return spont...