Articles tagged with Immune Cells
A McGill University study reveals that vitamin D deficiency early in life can lead to a higher risk of autoimmune diseases like Type 1 diabetes. The research found that an aging thymus causes the immune system to become less effective, increasing the risk of misdirected immune cells attacking healthy tissues.
Researchers from USC and Caltech develop a new method to study hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells within the bone marrow without extracting them. This breakthrough could inform efforts to optimize bone marrow transplantation and provide insights into various health conditions, including cancer and heart disease.
Researchers developed a new combined therapy for multiple sclerosis, combining tolerogenic dendritic cells with Dimethyl Fumarate to restore immune balance. The treatment showed promise in preclinical studies, reducing symptoms in mice and potentially offering hope for patients worldwide.
Researchers created the largest atlas of how tumor architecture changes in response to immune checkpoint therapy. The study found that multiple T cells recognize different neoantigens, altering the tumor ecosystem, and challenged prevailing theories on immunotherapy.
Dr. Roger Lo has been awarded a $2 million NIH grant to investigate ways to prevent drug resistance in melanoma treatment and improve the effectiveness of MAPK inhibitors. The team aims to target genetic instability and immune evasion to stabilize the melanoma genome and make it more vulnerable to immune attacks.
Researchers found that fever temperatures increase helper T cell metabolism, proliferation and inflammatory activity, while causing mitochondrial stress, DNA damage and cell death in a specific subset of Th1 cells. These findings may explain how chronic inflammation contributes to cancer development and suggest a fundamental way cells ...
A recent study by Dr. Esteban Ballestar's group identifies an immune cell population that is more effective in responding against cancer cells under hypoxia. Macrophages undergo changes that enhance their ability to trigger an immune response, leading to better patient outcomes in bladder and ovarian cancers.
A new study published in Frontiers in Immunology reveals that certain food proteins like milk and meat can help keep gut tumors from growing by triggering the intestinal immune system. This discovery has potential clinical implications for patients with gastrointestinal conditions.
Researchers developed a synthetic mucin gel inspired by cow slime to create a protective barrier around discs, preventing immune system attacks. This innovative approach may improve patient outcomes and reduce long-term complications after disc herniation surgery.
Researchers found that microbial communities in mice influence immune cell populations, with adaptive cells more prominent in lower intestine and innate cells in upper segments. A tool has been created for studying interactions between gut microbes and inflammatory diseases.
Researchers have discovered that administering regulatory T cells (Tregs) can enhance tissue healing, promoting bone volume, muscle growth, and skin wound closure. The key role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in supporting tissue repair has also been identified.
Researchers have identified key cellular interactions and microenvironments that contribute to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) after acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice. The study, published in Nature Communications, provides new insights into how damaged cells interact within disease-promoting microenvironments.
A recent study has revealed that oral bacteria, specifically Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, can exacerbate rheumatoid arthritis. The study found that the infection led to increased inflammation and joint damage in animal models.
A Trinity scientist has won an ERC Starting Grant to investigate the role of microglia in brain disorders. The project aims to create a detailed map of how these immune cells change during brain damage, disease, or repair, with the goal of developing methods to control and rejuvenate neuropathology.
A study by researchers from Brazil and Germany found that a surface protein on Aspergillus fumigatus spores suppresses the release of pro-inflammatory substances by immune cells, making it easier for the fungus to infect the body. The enzyme glycosylasparaginase plays a crucial role in this process.
Researchers investigated the connection between androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer and Alzheimer's disease. They found that ADT can exacerbate cognitive decline by increasing brain immune cell infiltration, but a combination with Natalizumab improved integrity of the blood-brain barrier and reduced inflammation.
Researchers have defined a molecular mechanism controlling PD-1 expression in melanoma cells, revealing a critical type I interferon-JAK/STAT signaling circuit. Inhibition of this pathway reduces PD-1 levels on melanoma cells and efficacy of immune checkpoint therapy.
Van Andel Institute researchers identified two routes for acetyl-CoA production in immune cells, allowing them to maintain their function even when one pathway is impaired. This metabolic flexibility could inform tailored dietary strategies to augment existing cancer treatments and improve immunotherapies.
Researchers from Osaka University discovered that Ikaros binds to Foxp3 to inhibit the expression of target genes, including Ifng, in regulatory T cells. This interaction is crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune disorders.
Researchers found that COVID-19 proteins can lower cortisol levels in the brain, leading to a heightened stress response and inflammation. The study suggests that this phenomenon may contribute to the neurological symptoms of Long COVID, including fatigue, depression, and memory problems.
Texas A&M researchers are investigating the use of extracellular vesicles to deliver immune-suppressing proteins, potentially reducing the immune system's attack on insulin-producing beta-cells. The goal is to develop a novel treatment for type 1 diabetes, which currently has only lifelong insulin therapy as an approved option.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara discovered that macrophages can be programmed to respond to light, triggering an increase in their appetite and improving the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies. The findings offer a new way to enhance trained immunity, a type of memory exhibited in the innate immune system.
ProDOL, a novel microscopy technique, enables precise quantification of labelled proteins in living cells, overcoming existing limitations. The method's accuracy and versatility make it a valuable tool for biomedical research, particularly in understanding cellular signalling processes.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute discovered that mast cells can trap and recycle neutrophils, which are normally frontline defenders against infections. This unexpected interaction reveals a new layer to our understanding of allergic reactions and inflammation.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Immunology found alemtuzumab to be safe and effective in treating Asian patients with inborn errors of immunity after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. The drug was shown to improve overall survival rates, with 94.7% of patients surviving post-transplantation.
A new study sheds light on fatty liver disease MASH's pathology, revealing T cell activation and growth in response to poor diet. The research holds promise for developing a biomarker test to track disease progression before it's at a late stage.
A recent study published in Cell discovered that strokes can change the epigenetics of the immune system, particularly in the heart, leading to scarring and impaired pumping function. The researchers identified IL-1b as the main culprit behind these epigenetic modifications, which can drive inflammatory cardiac dysfunction.
A new study found that low energy availability among female athletes impairs performance by up to 18% in short-term tests and increases systemic stress, compromising immune function. Athletes who restrict their food intake experience muscle loss and decreased physical performance.
Patients with 18q deletion syndrome exhibit both cellular and humoral immunodeficiency, characterized by low immunoglobulin levels and impaired T-cell function. Regular testing for both cellular and humoral immunity can allow for early detection of combined immune deficiencies and improve clinical outcomes.
A team of researchers has discovered a mechanism by which the liver's immune cells are suppressed in chronic hepatitis B, leading to organ damage. The 'sleep timer' function allows immune cells to weaken their activity over time, preventing them from proliferating excessively and causing further damage.
Researchers at Chiba University have discovered a new mechanism of ILC2 immune cell development, which may exacerbate allergic diseases. The study found that the induction of GATA3 expression by an ILC2-specific super-enhancer is essential for ILC2 differentiation.
Researchers have discovered several rare types of helper T cells associated with immune disorders such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The study found that genetic variants in bidirectional enhancer DNA are linked to specific immune-mediated diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease.
Researchers discovered that dexamethasone works in patients with severe COVID-19 by influencing impaired inflammatory response through specific immune cells. A predictive tool using single-cell analysis can identify early responders to treatment, offering hope for targeted therapy development.
Researchers have discovered how a neutralizing antibody blocks measles virus infection by arresting the fusion process. The study's findings may also be relevant to other viruses with pandemic potential, such as Nipah and parainfluenza viruses.
Researchers at University of Cambridge uncover unified healer army of regulatory T cells that constantly move and repair damaged tissue. This discovery has implications for treating various diseases, including autoimmune disorders and infectious diseases.
A Michigan Medicine study reveals that circadian rhythms play a crucial role in mobilizing innate lymphoid cells, which defend barrier tissues. The study found that clock genes regulate the activation of these cells at different times of day.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University used long-read RNA sequencing to decode genetic intricacies and disease links. The study identified novel isoforms, cell-type-specific splicing patterns, and disease-linked transcripts associated with immune-related diseases.
Scientists at Salk Institute discover a molecular mechanism that helps macrophages mount a coordinated response tailored to a specific immune challenge. The discovery reveals new immune system mechanisms that could be targeted with therapeutics to regulate inflammation.
Researchers at UC Davis Health discovered that mesalamine can replace good bacteria's work in fighting Candida albicans in the gut. The study found that mesalamine maintains a low oxygen environment that prevents fungal growth, reducing the risk of invasive candidiasis.
Researchers have identified collagen features as valuable biomarkers for evaluating melanoma immunotherapy response. Single-fiber characteristics were found to be more sensitive to treatment-induced changes than bulk collagen features, offering insights into collagen remodeling over time.
A new type of immune cell, MR1T cells, has been found to detect cancer cells through metabolic traces. This discovery opens up new avenues for targeted therapies against various types of cancer. The cells recognize altered metabolism in cancer cells, which produces specific molecules on the surface.
Researchers found that ARID1A mutation renders tumors sensitive to immunotherapy by triggering an antiviral immune response. This could lead to improved patient outcomes and the development of targeted therapies.
Researchers found that iron is a regulator of energy usage by immune cells in the lungs, which can help treat asthma and other allergic diseases. Blocking or limiting iron uptake may reduce asthma severity.
A team of researchers at Bar-Ilan University has developed a groundbreaking technology that enables direct measurement of the interaction between immune cells and cancer cells from a patient's biopsy. This innovation provides crucial insights into the patient's immune response, enabling tailored cancer treatment decisions.
Researchers at TUM have uncovered a mechanism by which tumor cells prevent the formation of immune responses, including cytotoxic T cells. This discovery provides rationales for new cancer immunotherapies and could enhance existing treatments.
A new study reveals that aspirin boosts certain aspects of the immune system to detect and target cancer cells, reducing cancer spread to lymph nodes. Aspirin also increases expression of a protein called CD80 on immune cells, enhancing their ability to alert other immune cells of tumor-associated proteins.
Researchers developed a novel way to localize cancer-killing cytokines in tumors to improve treatment effectiveness. The approach ensures that immune cell-stimulating cytokines remain within the tumor for weeks, reducing toxicity to healthy cells.
Tetracycline antibiotics have been found to enhance the antitumor activity of T lymphocytes by targeting galactin-1, an immunosuppressive protein produced by cancer cells. This breakthrough discovery may lead to the development of new drugs that target different immune pathways and benefit patients with cancer.
A new murine model of dermatomyositis reveals the underlying immune system involvement in this highly progressive disease. The study identifies key components of the immune system responsible for disease development and suggests potential treatments targeting interleukin-6.
Researchers analyzed blood stem cells in mice with prior sepsis and found they were fully recovered but failed to respond to a second inflammatory stimulus, leading to inefficient immune cell production.
A new study using spatial transcriptomics has generated a unique spatial atlas of intestinal cells in both healthy and inflamed states. The research reveals the evolution of cell populations during inflammation, particularly highlighting the significance of fibroblasts in response to gut inflammation.
A study published in Nature Genetics reveals early cell changes in healthy carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations, suggesting a potential target for breast cancer prevention. The researchers created the world's largest catalogue of human breast cells, which may lead to the use of existing immunotherapy drugs as an early intervention.
A USC study reveals that SARS-CoV-2 causes a stage of mild symptoms followed by severe inflammation in some patients. The virus exploits two different pathways to interact with immune cells, one leading to inflammation and the other preventing it.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine have discovered a way to revitalize the immune system in geriatric animals, significantly improving their ability to fight off new viruses and respond to vaccination. This breakthrough could lead to lifesaving treatments for older adults who struggle with weakened immunity.
Researchers have discovered a new way to inhibit immune cells that drive allergic asthma by targeting the Piezo1 protein. The study found that switching on Piezo1 channels can reduce lung inflammation and alleviate symptoms of airway hyperreactivity in mice with ILC2-dependent airway inflammation.
A genetic variant reducing IKZF1 expression increases B-cell ALL risk in Hispanic/Latino kids, with ancient DNA tracing its emergence ~13,000 years ago from Indigenous American ancestors.
Researchers have discovered a new immunotherapy approach to overcome resistant leukemia by targeting the mutated TP53 gene. Combining pharmacological therapies with genetically engineered CAR T-cells increases effectiveness against cancer cells, offering promising strategies for patients with resistant disease.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University have mapped the cellular architecture of MS lesions using advanced methodology. This reveals how immune cells and glial cells interact in the disease.
A Mayo Clinic study found that microglia shield neurons from the aftereffects of anesthesia, enhancing and boosting neuronal activity to awaken the brain. This discovery could lead to new treatments for post-anesthesia delirium and hyperactivity.
Researchers found that Kupffer cells in liver respond to high cholesterol by removing excess, revealing the liver's role in regulating cholesterol levels. This discovery suggests atherosclerosis is a systemic disease affecting multiple organs.