Articles tagged with Fungi
A novel molecular assay has been developed to investigate how plant fungal pathogens circumvent the bioactivity of SDHIs. The study successfully validated known mechanisms of fungicide resistance in several agriculturally important fungal pathogens.
Researchers have discovered that anaerobic fungi in herbivores' guts can produce novel antibiotic compounds, which could be used to fight disease. The fungi's ability to produce these compounds is crucial for their survival and competitiveness in the environment.
Researchers found that the symbiotic relationship between ambrosia fungi and beetles originated more than 100 million years ago, during the early Cretaceous period. This discovery sheds light on the evolutionary history of insect farming, a strategy similar to human agriculture.
Researchers at Michigan State University have discovered over three dozen new ambrosia beetle species previously unknown to science. These beetles are named after female science fiction characters, such as Nyota Uhura and Katniss Everdeen, highlighting the importance of biodiversity classification.
Researchers at the University of São Paulo discovered that Fusarium verticillioides uses volatile compounds to manipulate Diatraea saccharalis moths and sugarcane plants, promoting its own dissemination. This study revolutionizes the science of red rot disease, considered the most serious threat to sugarcane.
Researchers discovered that fungus creates an underappreciated express lane for carbon, diverting up to 20% of fixed carbon from the microbial loop. This finding has implications for climate change mitigation and management of industrial and recreational settings dealing with harmful algal blooms.
A recent study confirms a plant-fungus partnership as the origin of terrestrial vegetation, with scientists using CRISPR to demonstrate lipid exchange between plants and fungi. This discovery sheds light on the first steps of life on land, validating a 40-year-old hypothesis.
Researchers demonstrated a plant-fungus alliance played a crucial role in the origin of terrestrial vegetation. By studying a bryophyte, they found a lipid transfer mechanism similar to that in vascular plants, confirming their hypothesis.
Researchers discovered that organisms like plants, fungi, and corals use gene conversion to inherit less mutated oDNA, unlike humans and animals which rely on a bottleneck process. This finding could have implications for crop plants where gene conversion can cause sterility.
Researchers have developed a new superbug-destroying coating that could be used on wound dressings and implants to prevent and treat potentially deadly bacterial and fungal infections. The material is effective against a broad range of drug-resistant bacteria and fungal cells, while leaving human cells unharmed.
Researchers discovered fungi present in both healthy and diseased lungs, with no difference in composition between individuals with COPD using or not using inhaled steroids. The unique lung environment is dominated by the fungus Candida, which can cause disease when outcompeted.
A West Virginia University biologist is developing student-led research projects to study genomics and bioinformatics using parasitic orchids. The project aims to close the STEM skills and interest gap in rural West Virginia high schools and make orchids more sustainable.
Researchers have discovered an enzyme on the surface of Aspergillus fumigatus that breaks down vital molecule NAD, affecting immune cells and weakening the immune system. The discovery may lead to new treatments for fungal infections.
A University of Tsukuba research team discovered that certain fungi can grow through narrow channels by altering their growth rate. This process allows them to maintain cell polarity and continue growing, whereas slower-growing species are impeded, resulting in defective cellular processes.
A study linking glacier-fed rivers to higher rates of plant material decomposition reveals a major process in the global carbon cycle. The research found that warmer river water temperatures and reduced sediment movement create conditions favourable for fungi growth, leading to increased carbon dioxide release.
A study published in Science reveals that a fungus found in foods like cheese and processed meats can infect sites of intestinal damage in mice and people with Crohn's disease, preventing healing. Treating infected mice with antifungal medication allows wounds to heal.
Researchers identify fungi living in EAB-infested trees, which could be harnessed to control the invasive pest. The discovery opens up new possibilities for managing one of Minnesota's most devastating tree pests.
Researchers at Northwestern University created a new form of synthetic melanin that mimics the properties of fungal melanin, which can protect against environmental stressors. The material, called 'fungal ghosts,' is selectively porous, allowing it to store and capture molecules while letting good stuff through.
Researchers from Far Eastern Federal University have discovered compounds in marine fungus Penicillium dimorphosporum that protect cells from paraquat's harmful effects. The substances showed a 40% increase in cell viability at low concentrations, and the scientists plan to study their mode of action and potential use with other drugs.
A new method has enabled scientists to study the natural structure of large enzymes, revealing that they function differently than previously thought. This discovery could help better understand certain diseases, including Alzheimer's and those caused by viruses, and potentially lead to new treatment options.
Researchers developed more sensitive and efficient biosensors to detect specific sequences corresponding to P. jirovecii using nanotechnology and capture probes. These sensors can detect the fungus in real time without prior amplification steps, enabling a reliable diagnosis of infectious diseases.
Researchers have developed a new biocontrol method to protect rice seeds against the devastating fungal infection bakanae disease, which affects up to half of all rice crops worldwide. The non-pathogenic fungus outcompetes the disease-causing fungus on rice seeds.
Researchers in Costa Rica have found that some bacteria on amphibian skin can prevent growth of the fungus responsible for mass amphibian die-offs. The study identified a number of bacteria with inhibitory capacity against the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, which has led to the extinction of 90 species.
Researchers have sequenced over 700 novel microbial genomes from the gut microbiome of a goat, discovering that fungi play a disproportionate role in biomass degradation. The study also found that fungi are more efficient at producing methane, a potential game-changer for renewable energy production.
Researchers found that reindeer lichens have unexpected levels of genetic diversity, indicating more gene-mixing among individuals. This contradicts the long-held assumption that these organisms mainly reproduce asexually.
A team of scientists discovered a 635 million-year-old fungi-like microfossil in South China's Doushantuo Formation, which predates the oldest dinosaurs. The fossil provides evidence of fungi's role in recycling nutrients and influencing biochemical weathering during the Ediacaran period.
Researchers found that two types of fungi can effectively reduce aphid infestations by increasing plant defenses, leading to fewer aphids and less damage to crops. The fungi work by establishing themselves in plant roots and tissues, causing plants to produce more natural defense substances.
A recent study found no association between gut fungi and Parkinson's disease, contrary to previous studies on the bacterial microbiome. The researchers analyzed fecal samples from 95 PD patients and 57 controls, concluding that fungi were sparse in the gut microbiomes of PD patients.
A team of scientists has developed objects made with living materials, using fungi as a key component. The research demonstrates that fungi can sense and process various external stimuli, including light, temperature, and electrical signals, making them suitable for creating sustainable smart wearables.
A recent study found that bats infected with white-nose syndrome continue to roost in warm and deadly sites, leading to higher mortality rates. Researchers suggest that altering these sites may be crucial for conservation, but interventions must consider the complex physiology of bat species.
Research from the University of Copenhagen found that Danish and Chinese people experience bitter tastes differently, with Chinese test subjects being more sensitive. Anatomical differences in tongue papillae may explain this difference. The study suggests that ethnic differences may play a role in taste perception.
Researchers in Denmark have found two new fungal species that infect adult flies, creating a hole in their abdomens and keeping them flying for days. The fungi may be producing substances that 'dope' the flies, with potential applications in medicine.
A study found that amphibian declines due to the amphibian chytrid fungus exacerbated malaria outbreaks in Costa Rica and Panama during the 1990s and 2000s. Preserving biodiversity can benefit humans as well as local ecosystems.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory are developing innovative technologies to improve transportation, biology, radiation, and climate. Air taxis could significantly reduce fuel consumption while alleviating traffic congestion. Fungi use signaling molecules to communicate with each other and regulate growth. The lab is also vis...
Researchers analyzed seven Da Vinci drawings using Nanopore sequencing, finding a dominance of bacteria over fungi, with many exhibiting human or insect microbiomes. The study also identified human DNA, likely introduced by restoration workers, and correlations with geographical location.
Researchers have identified 13 efficient natural and semi-synthetic glucosinolate derivatives as effective fungicides against widespread fungal plant pathogens. These compounds exhibit strong synergistic fungitoxic effects when used in combination.
Researchers found a correlation between household chemicals and reduced bacterial diversity in children's guts. The study suggests that exposure to semi-volatile organic compounds may impact human health, with potential implications for probiotic interventions.
Fungus-farming ants have domesticated fungus over 60 million years, retaining a stable food supply despite climate change. They regulate nutrients used to grow crops, using a blend of plant substrates to target specific nutritional requirements for their fungal crop.
The study reveals that fertile female helper beetles reproduce alongside their mother, the colony foundress, while non-fertile females focus on caring for the brood and fungus. A specialized fungus in the genus Raffaelea is the primary food source for larvae.
Researchers have discovered a highly developed social system in the sugarcane shot-hole borer beetle, where females can reproduce and help with caring for fungal cultures. The beetles' cooperative brood care is rare in nature and may provide insights into the evolution of sociality.
Researchers studied attine ants and their fungal crops, finding that the ants' ability to target specific nutritional needs evolves as they develop more advanced farming practices. The findings suggest that humans can learn from nature's agricultural systems, which prioritize nutritional sustainability over industrial-scale production.
A single fungicide application at the silking stage provides the best foliar disease control in Kentucky corn crops, according to research by Carl Bradley and colleagues. This approach is more cost-effective than sequential applications, allowing farmers to improve their return on investment.
A landmark special issue collaboration between Kew and New Phytologist Foundation highlights the global roadmap for protecting and sustainably using plants and fungi. The research emphasizes the importance of collaboration and recognizes the threats to plant and fungal diversity, highlighting a critical need for conservation efforts.
Researchers have identified a fungal compound, cercosporamide, that inhibits BMP receptors, which are overactive in certain diseases. This finding offers new possibilities for treating conditions like Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba have discovered a mutualistic relationship between fungi and bacteria that allows bacteria to travel on fungal highways in exchange for thiamine. The study reveals a new mechanism by which bacteria can disperse and multiply, using the fungus as a 'highway' to colonize new areas.
A $1m research project will examine fossilised fungi from 15-17 million years ago to forecast the impact of predicted rises in current global temperature on present day species. The study aims to understand how fungi respond to past warm climates, which could provide valuable information for adapting to climate change.
Scientists have found a new metabolic pathway that can be disrupted with acetohydroxamic acid, preventing many plant fungi from invading the host plant. The discovery provides a new approach to pathogen control using an existing active ingredient.
A team of entomologists from St. Petersburg State University has discovered a new species of tropical Heteroptera, Tatupa grafei, characterized by its golden color and distinctive long antennae. The discovery sheds light on the biodiversity of the island of Borneo and highlights the importance of preserving these unique organisms.
Researchers argue that fungi-derived leather is a promising alternative to traditional leather due to its sustainability and cost-effectiveness. The material is biodegradable, releases less carbon into the atmosphere, and has a similar feel to animal leather.
Researchers have identified the human immune system's Achilles heel for a new, effective drug against Candida auris. The fungus is especially dangerous for people with compromised immunity and can be resistant to many disinfectants and fungicides.
Researchers found that patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have lower fungal diversity in their lungs, leading to more severe disease outcomes. This is because fungi can activate and regulate the immune system, contributing to inflammation and organ failure.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that mitochondrial calcium transporters duplicated around one billion years ago, giving rise to two subtypes. Only one subtype is present in animals, while most fungi conserve the other, making chytrids a suitable model organism for research.
A new species of red truffle was recently identified in Oregon, named Tuber luomae after researcher Dan Luoma who discovered it in 1981. The discovery was confirmed using DNA analysis and microscopic structures, revealing a unique species with limited geographic distribution.
A comprehensive study has identified 140 fungal species, including nine new to Belgium and the Netherlands, highlighting the diversity of Laboulbeniomycetes. The newly described fungus, Laboulbenia quarantenae, is a rare parasite found on ground beetles in Belgium.
Using a weather-based decision support system can significantly improve Cercospora leaf spot control in table beet by reducing unnecessary fungicide applications. The approach also helps minimize the risk of resistance development due to single-site modes of action.
A team of scientists at the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center has identified a sub-class of peptides in legumes that inhibit the growth of gray mold fungus. The peptides, known as NCR044, work by concentrating in the nucleolus and targeting fungal spores and germlings.
Researchers discovered that the white mold fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum uses two detoxification mechanisms to overcome the mustard oil bomb in plants of the cabbage family. The fungus can grow on these plants by rendering the toxic isothiocyanates harmless.
Researchers from the University of Nottingham have created a novel solution to combat fungi using a non-toxic polymer coating that reduces attachment of fungal pathogens. The coating, made from (meth)acrylate polymers, has shown up to 100% reduction in fungal growth on various surfaces.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen's Natural History Museum of Denmark have discovered a new species of parasitic fungus on American millipedes, found via a shared photo on Twitter. The newly discovered fungus, Troglomyces twitteri, is part of the Laboulbeniales order and has never been documented before.
Researchers develop a trait-based understanding of fungal decomposition abilities, improving predictive power for early and mid-stage wood decay. The study identifies different fungal traits that explain wood decomposition variation, with great potential to improve carbon cycle predictions in forests.