Articles tagged with Psychoactive Drugs
Most adults commencing treatment with prescription opioids had relatively low and time-limited opioid exposure over a 5-year period. Individuals with sustained or increasing use were older with more comorbidities, reflecting higher pain needs.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine found no evidence that prescription stimulant treatment in childhood increases the risk of substance use disorder (SUD) later in life. The study, published in JAMA Psychiatry, suggests that stimulants are an effective treatment for ADHD with few side effects.
The use of psychedelics in mental health treatment is gaining traction, but concerns about patient safety and regulation need to be addressed. Psychedelic-assisted therapy shows promise in treating conditions like depression and PTSD, but more research is needed on dosages, settings, and guidelines.
A new study analyzing death records data found that men had a 2–3 times greater rate of overdose mortality from opioids and psychostimulants. The researchers noted that biological, behavioral, and social factors likely combined to increase the mortality risk for men.
Researchers at UC Davis found that engaging serotonin 2A receptors inside neurons promotes growth of new connections, while the same receptors on cell surfaces do not. This discovery guides efforts to develop new treatments for depression and PTSD.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that high doses of CBD may increase the adverse effects of THC in edible cannabis products. The study showed that CBD inhibits the metabolism of THC, resulting in stronger and longer drug effects.
A new study by UCL and King's College London researchers found that vaporized cannabis has the same short-term effects on adolescents (16-17 years old) as on adults (26-29 years old), regardless of CBD levels. The study also showed that CBD does not reduce the psychoactive effects of THC in cannabis.
A study from Japan found that variations in psychiatric diagnoses across different cultures can affect the efficacy of antipsychotics in clinical trials. Researchers analyzed data from 28 double-blind randomized trials and found that psychotic features were associated with varying therapeutic responses to antipsychotic medications.
Researchers have developed a new test that quickly detects scopolamine (devil's breath) and MDPV (monkey dust) in saliva and drinks. The test can be read using a mobile phone within 15 minutes, helping to aid in sexual assault investigations.
Researchers are investigating the antidepressant and anxiolytic properties of psilocybin and cannabis to improve treatment options for mental illnesses. The findings suggest that these compounds may offer new avenues for symptom relief in a range of mental health conditions.
Researchers found that people with substance use disorders are more likely to die from or experience shorter life-expectancies when developing certain physical health conditions. The study, published in The Lancet Psychiatry, analyzed patient records from Czech nationwide registers and suggests a link between substance use disorders an...
A novel oxytocin derivative, PAS-CPPs-oxytocin, has been shown to improve cognitive function in mice with Alzheimer's-like symptoms. The derivative is delivered via intranasal administration and shows increased brain penetration compared to traditional intracerebroventricular delivery.
Researchers from the University of Connecticut found that both delta-8 and delta-9 THC produce similar effects in mice, including lethargy and catalepsy. The study suggests that delta-8 THC interacts with the same receptors as delta-9 THC and can lead to desensitization and withdrawal-like symptoms.
Researchers at UNC-Chapel Hill, UC San Francisco, Yale, Duke, and Stanford have developed a new compound that targets the same brain cell receptor as psychedelic drugs but triggers long-lasting antidepressant action without psychedelic effects. The compound is patented by Yale, UNC-Chapel Hill, and UCSF and licensed to Onsero.
A clinical trial found that using positive words and images during the window of heightened brain plasticity after a single ketamine treatment can help maintain depression relief for at least one month. Researchers developed an automated intervention to pair ketamine with computer-based training, showing promising initial findings.
A joint study by the Israel Antiquities Authority, Tel Aviv University, and the Weizmann Institute of Science has revealed the world's earliest known evidence of opium use in the Late Bronze Age. Eight ceramic vessels containing opium residue were found in Canaanite graves at Tel Yehud.
A new study urges regulators to take a closer look at the health and safety risks of the growing medicinal and recreational cannabis market. The research team found that many pesticides in cannabis cultivation were highly unlikely to be used, but still detected, highlighting the need for stricter regulations.
A new analysis reveals that mandatory prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) do not significantly impact retail opioid sales across eight commonly prescribed opioids. The findings suggest that PDMP implementation is best considered as part of a broader policy response to the opioid crisis.
Mandated PDMP use in US states reduced opioid prescriptions by 6.1% but led to a 50.1% increase in heroin-related deaths, according to researchers from the University of Texas at Dallas.
A national survey of US psychiatrists found discrepancies between their perceptions of certain psychoactive drugs' safety and therapeutic value and how they are categorized under the Controlled Substances Act. Psychiatrists rated psilocybin as having low misuse potential and high therapeutic potential, but it is a Schedule I drug with ...
A new study estimates that over 5.5 million U.S. adults used hallucinogens in the past year, with a significant increase in LSD use between 2002 and 2019. The study found that PCP use decreased during this period, while Ecstasy use also declined since 2015.
A recent study from the University of Geneva suggests that ketamine's therapeutic use may be safe due to its limited impact on dopamine levels and neuronal communication. The research found that ketamine triggers a short increase in dopamine, but also inhibits a specific receptor that prevents addiction progression.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have identified seven genetic variants that uniquely affect the response to four psychedelic drugs. These findings suggest that patients with different genetic variations may react differently to psychedelic-assisted treatments.
Researchers investigate how COVID-19 pandemic policies impacted access to life-saving treatment for opioid use disorder in minority groups. They aim to understand structural mechanisms of disparities and encourage the healthcare system to review and change social policies.
Researchers at UC Davis plan to screen hundreds of compounds to discover nonhallucinogenic treatments for substance use disorders. The study aims to understand the basic mechanisms by which these compounds impact addiction and develop more effective treatments.
Adults who have used psilocybin are 30% less likely to develop opioid use disorder, according to a nationally representative survey. Psilocybin use is also associated with reduced symptoms of opioid dependence and abuse.
A new study published in Drug and Alcohol Review found that binaural beats are being used as digital drugs by over 30,000 people worldwide, with users primarily seeking relaxation and mood change. The survey also revealed that binaural beat listeners are more likely to be younger and report recent use of prohibited drugs.
A study published in International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry found that antidepressants were associated with a lower risk of suicide among residents aged 75+, who had a significantly increased risk if taking sleep medication or having a history of self-harm. The research highlights the need for early recognition and quality care ...
A systematic review of psilocybin interactions with psychiatric medications reveals a lack of scientific research, leaving clinicians and patients uncertain about treatment combinations. The review highlights the need for further studies on clinical outcomes of combining pharmaceutical medications with psilocybin.
A Swedish study published in Occupational and Environmental Medicine found that victims of sexual and gender-based harassment in the workplace are at a higher risk of prescribed psychotropic medication. The study analyzed over 23,000 participants and found a 20% increase in medication use among those who experienced harassment.
The US falls short in 'geriatricizing' emergency departments, with most institutions lacking resources and support to implement the Geriatric Emergency Department (GED) Guidelines. Delirium, falls, and polypharmacy are common issues that require more attention from care teams.
A study found that 31.4% of trauma patients at Hospital das Clínicas in São Paulo, Brazil, tested positive for psychoactive substance use, including alcohol (23%), cocaine (12%), and marijuana (5%). The study contributes to the development of public policies to prevent accidents.
The study found that psychotropic drug use was associated with a higher risk of premature death in cardiac patients, particularly those with anxiety. Nearly 1 in 3 cardiac patients had symptoms of anxiety, and the use of these medications was twice as high among anxious patients.
A new study detected designer drugs like bath salts and eutylone in wastewater samples from 10 countries over the New Year. The study found that New Zealand consumed the highest loads of NPS, with high levels of eutylone also detected in Australia and Canada.
Researchers used wastewater samples from 25 treatment plants across 10 countries to track the popularity of new synthetic drugs. Synthetic cathinones, including eutylone and 3-MMC, were found to have high per capita levels in wastewater, with increased international presence reported between 2020-2021 New Year periods.
Overdose deaths involving methamphetamine rose 180% from 2015 to 2019, outpacing increases in methamphetamine use. Riskier patterns of use, including frequent use and co-use with other substances, contributed to the surge. Diverse populations, particularly American Indians/Alaska Natives and young adults, are disproportionately affected.
The first-in-human clinical trial for a vaccine to treat opioid use disorders has enrolled its first patients. The vaccine, developed by researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School, aims to selectively prevent the euphoric and toxic effects of oxycodone.
Researchers are developing a vaccine to prevent oxycodone use disorder, which affects half of those treated with existing medications. The experimental vaccine has shown promise in preclinical studies and is now being tested in a phase 1a/1b clinical trial at Columbia University.
Research finds that medications commonly prescribed for schizophrenia may worsen brain functioning, particularly among patients taking multiple psychotropic drugs. A study of 1,120 participants with schizophrenia found that 63% had an anticholinergic cognitive burden score of at least 3.
A population-based study found increased prescribing of psychotropic drugs at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, persisting through September 2020. The absolute increases were disproportionate to expected trends and distinct from other drug prescriptions during the pandemic.
Researchers compared rates of psychotropic drug prescriptions during adolescence and young adulthood between individuals born preterm and at term. Individuals born preterm were found to have higher rates of psychotropic drug prescriptions, suggesting a potential long-term impact on mental health.
A new drug discovery platform created by Purdue University scientists has the potential to predict the effectiveness of psychoactive drugs in treating mental health illnesses. The platform analyzes compound interactions with proteins and identifies signature patterns for potential therapeutic uses.
Researchers found that psychiatric medications like antidepressants can alter gut bacteria in rats, sparking questions about specificity of psychoactive drug action and potential benefits or drawbacks for human patients. The study aims to explore these findings further through a large-scale human observational study.
A new study found that prescription medication Escitalopram can inhibit fish foraging and eating behavior, particularly in males. The inhibitory effect was more pronounced in males than females, highlighting a sex-based difference in aquatic wildlife response to environmental pollutants.
Chemical analysis of ancient wooden braziers from Chinese tombs reveals evidence of early cannabis smoking rituals, dating back to approximately 2500 years ago. The study suggests that people were aware of specific populations of the plant and interacted with them for psychoactive properties.
A study published by University of Sydney found a significant increase in self-poisonings among young Australians aged 5-19 years from 2006 to 2016. The incidence rose by 98% and was predominantly caused by substances widely available, such as household products and prescribed medications.
A study published in European Neuropsychopharmacology found that up to half of people with Alzheimer's disease use a psychotropic drug, with those receiving first-line anti-dementia drugs showing a decreased risk of polypharmacy. The most common combination included antidepressants with antipsychotics or benzodiazepines.
A new study published in the Medical Journal of Australia found that a multi-strategic intervention called RedUSe significantly reduced psychotropic medication use in Australian residential aged care facilities. The intervention, which included education and drug audits, resulted in a 40% reduction in antipsychotic or benzodiazepine me...
A study of 35,244 children in a mid-Atlantic state found that those with psychiatric diagnoses were more likely to receive psychotropic medications from birth through age 7. The study highlights the need for further research on the safety and outcomes of early psychotropic medication use in young populations.
Researchers found nearly 1 in 7 adult patients reported using marijuana at least once a year, with young adults more likely to use daily. Daily cannabis use was linked to higher risks of addiction and complications, particularly among young men with depression.
Research reveals women with dementia have fewer visits to the GP, receive less health monitoring, and take more potentially harmful medication than men. Women are at particular risk of staying on antipsychotic or sedative medication for longer due to fewer check-ups.
Research reveals that 56% of people aged 90 and above with Alzheimer's disease rely on antipsychotics and antidepressants, highlighting the need for regular assessment of drug use in older adults. In contrast, those without Alzheimer's disease used these medications less frequently.
A Rutgers University study found that guideline-recommended practices such as nonpharmacological mental health services are frequently not followed. Despite this, higher rates of psychosocial interventions and metabolic monitoring have been achieved for children in foster care compared to other Medicaid-insured children.
Women with severe depressive symptoms have a decreased chance of becoming pregnant, while psychotropic medication use does not appear to harm fertility. The study found a 38% decrease in the average probability of conception among women with severe depressive symptoms.
The UK's Psychoactive Substances Act has been criticized by experts due to its broad definition of psychoactivity and lack of a clear way to establish it. The Act's blanket prohibition on new substances may not be feasible or effective in reducing harm, as judges lack evidence on specific drug harms, making sentencing challenges.
A study published in the Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy found that patients receiving pulmonary medications showed a significant decrease in emergency room visits and hospitalizations after using the Spokane Prescription Assistance Network. However, those receiving psychotropic medications for mental health conditions saw an increase...
A study published by The BMJ reveals that over 70% of antipsychotic prescriptions are given to those without recorded mental illness, instead used for managing challenging behavior. Researchers call for changes in prescribing practices and more evidence on drug safety in intellectual disability populations.
Researchers found that low-dose lithium reduced involuntary motor movements in Parkinson's disease mice, boosting dopamine synthesis via inhibition of calpain-1. This study adds to evidence that low-doses of the psychotropic drug could benefit patients suffering from the incurable condition.
A study found that one in five young patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) require psychotropic drugs within five years, with a risk double that of healthy peers. This highlights the need for specialist care and long-term follow-up for VTE patients.
A new report from Michigan Medicine and Johns Hopkins University concludes that non-drug approaches, such as caregiver training, work better and carry fewer risks than behavior-calming drugs for Alzheimer patients. The DICE framework provides a tailored approach to address behavioral issues in dementia patients.