Articles tagged with Lymph Nodes
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Researchers will create a new modality called Phase Change Ultrasound Lymphograph to super-resolution map lymphatic structures, providing quantitative information on anatomy and function. The device aims to screen for lymphatic abnormalities and guide treatment decisions.
Researchers are developing a comprehensive approach to diagnosing lymphatic disease, which is challenging due to the system's tiny and translucent vessels. The team aims to create a diagnostic toolbox that includes biomarkers, genetic analysis, and advanced detection technologies.
Researchers discovered breast cancer modifies lymphatic vessels to facilitate its spread. A specific protein, Matrix Gla protein (MPG), enables cancer cells to bind to lymphatic vessels, supporting metastasis. Understanding this process could lead to targeted therapies and improved patient outcomes.
Researchers have discovered a new way to understand cancer and its vulnerabilities by targeting FSP1, a protein that helps cancer cells survive. The study found that FSP1 inhibitors can effectively reduce the growth of metastatic melanoma cells in lymph nodes.
An AI model successfully automates lymph node segmentation and extranodal extension classification from pretreatment CT scans in HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma. Predicted extranodal extension is independently associated with worse oncologic outcomes, highlighting the potential for improved treatment planning.
Research by Angela Riedel and team identified fibroblastic reticulum cells as main players in reprogramming lymph nodes, corrupting monocytes and blocking T cell activity. Targeted TLR4 blockade combined with PD1 immunotherapy can restore T-cell activity and reduce distant metastasis.
Research has shown that lymph nodes provide the right environment for stem-like T cells to survive, multiply, and produce killer cells. Preserving lymph nodes could strengthen immune responses and increase the effectiveness of immunotherapy. The study's findings have important implications for cancer therapy.
Researchers identified three distinct molecular subtypes of follicular lymphoma, offering insights into personalized treatment plans. The subtypes C1, C2, and C3 differ in their genetic profiles and tumor microenvironments, guiding the use of specific therapies.
Researchers developed nanomachines that can efficiently deliver antisense oligonucleotides to sentinel lymph nodes, reducing TGF-β1 levels and reactivating depleted CD8-positive T cells. This enhances cancer treatment outcomes for advanced breast cancers with no effective treatments.
A study by Rockefeller University reveals that germinal centers suppress mutation during rapid proliferation and resume it after expansion, enabling efficient antibody production. This discovery may have broader implications for vaccine design and immune therapies.
A multicentre study led from Finland has shown that lymph node transfer is a viable treatment for swelling in the affected limb after breast cancer surgery. The procedure involves transferring patient's lymph nodes to the armpit to replace removed lymph nodes, improving excess arm volume and reducing skin interstitial fluid.
Researchers from the University of Southern Denmark found that tattooed individuals are more frequently diagnosed with skin and lymphoma cancers compared to those without tattoos. The study suggests that chronic inflammation in the lymph nodes triggered by tattoo ink may lead to abnormal cell growth and an increased risk of cancer.
The RSClin Tool N+ provides more accurate estimates of recurrence risk and individual chemotherapy benefit in node-positive breast cancer. The tool combines clinical and pathologic factors with the 21-gene Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score to predict patient-level prognosis and treatment benefit.
A cognitive science professor at UC Merced proposes a suite of video games to accelerate cancer research using artificial intelligence and gamified citizen science. The 'Cancer Wars' initiative aims to harness the collective problem-solving power of millions of gamers to tackle complex scientific problems.
A study from the University of Gothenburg found that digital healthcare consultations are not reliable enough to assess tonsillitis due to limitations in criteria such as tonsil inspection and lymph node examination. Physical examinations remain crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
A randomized phase 3 trial found that extended lymph node removal in bladder cancer surgery does not improve disease-free or overall survival but increases the risk of complications and death. The standard bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy is considered a sufficient approach for these patients.
Researchers at MIT found that a two-dose schedule for an HIV vaccine can generate a strong response to the virus, outperforming a traditional seven-dose regimen. The first dose primes the immune system, helping it to produce antibodies more effectively when a larger dose is administered one week later.
Scientists discovered that T follicular helper cells indirectly control the anti-influenza response, leading to less effective immunity. The study found that the current flu vaccine formulation could be improved by excluding internal proteins and targeting surface proteins.
Researchers developed an electronic health record nudge to remind surgeons about the risks of lymphedema and potential overtreatment. The intervention led to a 49.3% reduction in sentinel lymph node biopsy procedures among eligible patients.
The study establishes criteria for identifying extranodal extension on imaging, allowing radiologists to make accurate calls and provide patients with less invasive treatments. This shift towards practice change has the potential to reduce side effects and improve outcomes for patients with HPV-associated head and neck cancers.
Researchers created an artificial lymph node using hyaluronic acid, which connects with T-cells via a cell surface receptor. The noden acted as a learning hub, stimulating T-cells to recognize and kill cancer cells in mice with melanoma and colon cancers.
Researchers from Wyss Institute and Harvard University developed a biomaterial vaccine that enhances and sustains lymph node expansion, leading to more effective anti-tumor responses. The vaccine formulation, based on microscale mesoporous silica rods, reprograms antigen-presenting cells to orchestrate complex immune responses.
Scientists have designed a synthetic antigen that can stimulate antibody production against cancer cells. The approach uses a natural protein called serum albumin to carry the antigen, reducing the need for bulky carriers and side effects.
A large trial enrolling nearly 2,800 patients from five countries has clarified the situation for patients with larger metastases. The study found that leaving most of the lymph nodes intact resulted in similar recurrence rates as completion axillary dissection, but with fewer arm-related complications.
A new study suggests that tailored treatment can predict the response of breast cancer patients to chemotherapy, allowing for safe omission of extensive lymph node removal. The MARI protocol showed a 95% overall survival rate and 89% disease-free survival rate in patients who achieved pathological complete response.
A new AI tool can predict which breast cancer patients are at risk of chronic arm swelling after surgery and radiotherapy. The tool, developed by international researchers, uses machine learning algorithms to analyze patient data and provides easily understandable explanations for doctors and patients.
New research reveals that radioguided surgery can effectively detect and remove metastatic pelvic lymph nodes in newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients. The procedure targets the prostate-specific membrane antigen, improving nodal staging to guide treatment recommendations.
Researchers found that an experimental drug called Yoda1 may help repair the brain's lymphatic system and glymphatic function in mice with craniosynostosis and aged mice. The study shows promise for treating Alzheimer's disease by improving brain waste-clearance systems.
USC researchers have designed nanoparticles that can target and highlight cancer cells in lymph nodes, allowing for earlier detection of metastasis. The particles work by hitchhiking on immune cells to reach the lymph nodes, where they can amplify the signal detected by MRI scans.
Researchers discovered that immune cells called natural killer cells rapidly lose their functionality when entering solid tumours, adopting a dormant state. However, targeting the IL-15 pathway can restore NK cell activity and improve tumor control. This breakthrough could pave the way for new cancer treatments.
Researchers have identified a network of lymphatic vessels at the back of the nose as a major hub for CSF outflow to deep cervical lymph nodes. This discovery has significant implications for understanding and treating conditions related to impaired CSF drainage, such as Alzheimer's disease.
A study by Texas Biomed researchers identified mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, and inguinal lymph nodes as the leading sources of HIV rebound infection. The findings have implications for potential new therapies targeting these tissues to prevent viral spread.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a novel approach for treating lymph node metastasis by administering anticancer drugs directly into the LNs, improving efficacy and reducing side effects. The Lymphatic Drug Delivery System (LDDS) targets sentinel lymph nodes, generating antitumor effects locally.
A phase 2 trial PrE0405 showed an 85% complete response rate in 33 patients over 60 with mantle cell lymphoma who received venetoclax combined with bendamustine and rituximab. The combination was generally well-tolerated, with gastrointestinal toxicities common.
A systematic review has identified 29 primary risk factors associated with long-term arm morbidities following breast cancer treatments. The main risk factors include removal of lymph nodes, high body mass index, mastectomy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, infection, and trauma to the affected arm.
A new study found that a type of white blood cell called tumour-associated macrophages can promote the formation of lymphatic vessels, facilitating cancer cell transport to other organs. However, these cells also reduce breast cancer spread to the lungs while increasing it to the lymph nodes.
Scientists at the University of Würzburg have observed a new behavior of regulatory T cells, which remain in certain lymph nodes for months and function as local memory banks of the immune system. This discovery could lead to therapeutic applications in allergies and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati Cancer Center found that SmartClips, a wireless localization method for breast tumors, is safe and effective. The devices reduce patient discomfort and improve surgery efficiency by allowing surgeons to locate tumors more accurately.
A new size threshold for retropharyngeal lymph nodes is proposed to improve risk stratification and treatment decisions in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Using a 6-mm threshold, the study found significant differences in overall survival between stage-I and stage-II disease.
Scientists have found that lung-resident memory B cells, critical for pulmonary immunity, require interferon-gamma produced by T follicular helper cells to differentiate. These long-lived immune cells migrate to the lungs from draining lymph nodes and lie in wait to react quickly to future infections.
Researchers discovered that immune cells create local gradients by consuming chemokines, guiding their movement and enhancing directional movement in complex environments. This finding increases understanding of coordinated immune responses and may reveal new strategies for targeting cancer
Clarissa Campbell and Barbara Maier receive prestigious ERC Starting Grants for their research on the interplay between the immune system and metabolism, as well as the role of lymph nodes in cancer. The grants will support their work on understanding immune cells in the gut and the crosstalk between tumors and lymph nodes.
A study by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory researchers found that breast cancer cells trick the immune system using a molecule called MHC-II, allowing them to spread faster and evade treatment. Targeting this molecule may lead to new therapeutics and improve patient outcomes.
A new study reveals how breast cancer cells suppress anti-cancer immune responses in the lymph nodes to survive and spread. Researchers found that some cancer cells exhibit elevated expression of MHC class II proteins, which are involved in initiating immune responses.
Researchers discovered that targeting specific blood vessel enzymes can enhance immunotherapy effectiveness and prevent breast cancer metastasis. By disabling the enzyme DNMT1 in blood vessels, doctors may bolster anti-tumor immune cells entry and increase patients' response to treatment.
Scientists at Tohoku University discovered a novel approach to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade and minimize associated side effects. Targeting tumor-positive lymph nodes with ICIs generates a robust anti-tumor response against local and systemic metastases.
A phase 3 trial found that extending lymphadenectomy beyond the standard procedure does not reduce disease recurrence or improve survival in patients with locally advanced bladder cancer. Instead, it increases the risk of adverse events and post-surgical death.
Researchers analyzed outcomes for 144 Colorado patients who had lymph node sampling at the time of surgery for kidney tumors between 2005 and 2019. They found no statistically significant difference in clinically significant complications between patients who underwent more extensive lymph node sampling than those who didn’t.
Researchers developed a dual-modality imaging technique combining photoacoustic and super-resolution ultrasound imaging to detect physiological and biochemical abnormalities. The new method provides comprehensive diagnostic information at a lower cost than traditional techniques.
A recent study led by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia identifies two different regulatory T cell populations, one related to autoimmunity and the other to protective immunity. The findings could pave the way for new treatments that target the immune system selectively.
A new PET/CT scanner prototype has shown promising results in preclinical testing, offering higher resolution and accurate tumor assessment. The scanner aims to enhance treatment planning for head and neck cancers, which have a low five-year survival rate and high recurrence rate.
Researchers found that immunotherapy can activate tumor-fighting T cells in nearby lymph nodes, potentially boosting efficacy against solid tumors. The study suggests leaving lymph nodes intact until after immunotherapy could improve treatment outcomes for patients with head and neck cancers.
Researchers tracked the lifecycle and function of tingible body macrophages, specialized cells that clean up the immune system's waste, in a significant breakthrough. The study sheds light on autoimmune disorders like lupus by understanding the role of these cells in triggering autoimmunity.
Ultrafast MRI provides beneficial information for predicting DCIS upgrade to invasive cancer, including time to enhancement and lesion size. A study found that UF-MRI can accurately predict lesions diagnosed as DCIS at percutaneous biopsy that will be upgraded to invasive cancer at surgery.
As we age, fat cells replace immune system tissue in lymph nodes, impairing their ability to fight infections and respond to vaccinations. This phenomenon, known as lymph node lipomatosis, is more common and prevalent with age, affecting the effectiveness of our immune system.
A nationwide retrospective study showed that adjuvant chemotherapy after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and surgery significantly improved overall survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, regardless of lymph node status or resection margins. The study included nearly 900 patients and was published in JAMA Oncology.
Researchers found that HER2-positive breast cancer patients with high levels of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in residual disease have significantly shorter overall survival. High levels of TILs are associated with poorer outcomes, while lower levels are linked to improved survival rates.
Researchers at CU Anschutz Medical Campus found that irradiating only select lymph nodes near a tumor can significantly decrease cancer recurrence and improve patient outcomes. This approach eliminates the source of immune cells for immunotherapy to work on, but preserving long-term systemic immune response.
Research at Tel Aviv University found that high-intensity aerobic exercise increases glucose consumption in internal organs, reducing energy availability for tumors. The study reduced the risk of metastatic cancer in humans and animal models by up to 72%.
A large clinical trial data analysis found that rates of locoregional recurrence are low regardless of regional node irradiation use. The study suggests a randomized clinical trial is required to answer the question of whether favorable-risk patients can safely skip RNI.