Articles tagged with Statistics
A randomized clinical trial found that dexamethasone eye drops reduced the progression of retinopathy of prematurity to severe disease requiring invasive treatment in preterm infants. However, no differences in adverse events were observed.
A new study reveals that green cryptocurrencies are better at transmitting volatility compared to traditional green assets, offering limited hedging effectiveness. Portfolio analysis shows that Cardano and Stellar are key drivers of volatility, while green bonds and ESG investments absorb disturbances.
This economic evaluation characterizes U.S. lobbying spending in the mental health field from 2014 to 2024, revealing significant growth. The study highlights increasing lobbying efforts in psychiatry and psychology, suggesting a shift towards more prominent advocacy for mental health issues.
Researchers from Kyoto University and ETH Zurich analyzed large earthquake sequences in Japan, finding that b-values are controlled more by mainshock location than time-dependent changes. The study suggests local geological conditions play a key role in shaping earthquake size distributions.
Researchers at Hiroshima University have applied black-box optimization algorithms to model rainfall minimization through weather control. They demonstrated that Bayesian optimization can effectively design weather interventions, even under a limited budget of expensive weather simulations, by optimizing only a small number of trials.
The study uses smartwatch data to record how match events affect fans' heart rate and stress levels. Fans from Eastern and Southern Europe and Turkey are underrepresented, so the research team aims to include as many participants as possible.
Research waste refers to wasting scientific resources due to poor practices, compromising internal and external validity. JMIR Metascience and Research Integrity publishes metascience articles exploring the shortcomings of published literature and investigating its negative impact on real-world outcomes.
A nationwide survey in Japan found a gradual but steady decline in health-related quality of life among the working-age population over seven years. The study also revealed regional differences in HRQoL across prefectures.
A study by Rice University researchers found that hitting with a slower swing speed can lead to more contact, but also sacrifices power. The study analyzed MLB swing-tracking data and found that batters who adjust their approach with two strikes do not necessarily get better results.
The DIVINE cohort database contains clinical information from 5,813 COVID-19 patients, including characteristics, risk factors, treatments, and outcomes. The data can be used to study disease progression, identify associated factors, and validate predictive models.
A research team using machine learning predicts Spain as the favorite for the 2026 World Cup, closely followed by England and France. The forecast is based on a range of data, including past performances, bookmaker odds, and player ratings.
A study by Bielefeld University investigates how fans of different national teams physically respond to match events during the 2026 FIFA World Cup. Researchers aim to understand how football supporters around the world experience victories and defeats of their teams, using data from smartwatches.
A new Rice University study links climate variability to civil conflict and war risk, revealing nuanced relationships between climate patterns and local conflict risk. The research identifies regions susceptible to climate-driven political instability and provides evidence for a 'threat multiplier' effect.
MARGO integrates machine learning-based predictive models with overlap weights to address covariate imbalance in clinical trials. The framework demonstrates superior performance over conventional methods, allocating more patients to the effective treatment while maintaining statistical power.
A new handbook produced jointly by Chalmers University of Technology and the University of Gothenburg aims to improve decision-making and preparedness for future pandemics. The handbook provides practical guidance on how mathematical models can be used to inform decision-making, particularly in times of crisis.
A study of Finnish special needs and special class teachers found that data processing, statistics, and probability are under-taught areas, mirroring trends in the US. The researchers emphasize the need for stronger teacher preparation, ongoing professional development, and support to ensure effective strategies are used consistently.
Researchers develop new concept to accurately model wind turbine loads, focusing on local gusts' impact on material fatigue. This enhances turbine design and efficiency by reducing uncertainties in load estimations.
Researchers identified patient-reported symptoms associated with GLP-1s, including menstrual changes, fatigue, and temperature-related complaints, that may not be fully captured in clinical trials or drug labeling. Nearly 4% of Reddit users reported reproductive symptoms, and fatigue was the second most common complaint.
A mathematical model identifies universal patterns in competitive systems, revealing an optimal 'sweet spot' where excellence and opportunity coexist. The study found that high-performing systems strike a delicate balance between demand and opportunity.
Researchers introduce the capabilities approach-contextual integrity (CA-CI) framework to address privacy and dignity risks in AI systems. The framework evaluates normative appropriateness of AI systems beyond narrow tasks and stable contexts, securing social life and human dignity.
A new study by Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research finds global warming has accelerated by 0.35°C per decade since 2015, surpassing previous decade averages. The research team analyzed five large global temperature data sets and found an acceleration with a statistical certainty of over 98 percent.
This study assesses the educational impact of introducing interest-matched examples in data science education, showing a positive effect on students' motivation and understanding. The findings suggest that instructional approaches grounded in intrinsic motivation theory can improve data science education quality.
A new study published in the Journal of Hydrometeorology reveals significant declines in snow cover across the Northern Hemisphere, with about 24% of regions showing decreases. The research also identifies seasonal shifts, with snow cover declining earlier in March and retreating at the southern edge.
Researchers developed new backtesting approaches for expectile forecasts to address issues with existing methods. The new tests disentangle unconditional coverage and independence properties, improving size and power properties.
A team of researchers applied adaptive-bandwidth kernel density estimation to analyze the latest reversal timing dataset, revealing four distinct dips in the new reversal frequency model following the Cretaceous Normal Superchron. This suggests that short-time-interval geomagnetic reversals may be missing from the compiled record.
Four NYU faculty members have been awarded Sloan Research Fellowships for their groundbreaking work in brain injury, organic chemistry, computing, and software. Since 1955, 102 NYU faculty members have been selected as recipients, including this year's 126 fellows.
A study investigates how interpretable deep learning models can explain neural network predictions for the Heston model. Global methods like Shapley values outperform local methods in producing financially intuitive explanations.
Researchers developed a method using synthetic aperture radar images to automatically detect building destruction in conflict zones without relying on expensive data. The approach successfully reconstructed spatial patterns and timing of destruction in case studies of Beirut port explosion and Mariupol
A new study uses large language models and network analysis to quantify investor emotions' fragility. High emotional vulnerability is linked to unstable stock prices and lower returns.
A global study of 2,636 firms across 31 countries found that stronger ESG disclosure and performance correspond to higher intrinsic value. This aligns with theoretical analysis and signaling theory, highlighting the need for companies to communicate substantive progress honestly.
A new white paper by biostatistician Professor Jeffrey S. Morris analyzes the multicomponent US vaccine safety monitoring system, including VAERS and other components. The study suggests improvements to enhance the system's effectiveness and sustain a robust safety monitoring infrastructure.
Malaria messaging has been shown to increase the use of insecticide-treated nets, particularly among women in Uganda. The study used propensity score matching to isolate the effect of messaging, finding a 5.1% increase in net use among exposed women and a 4.3% increase among caregivers of children.
A novel study shows that US counties with limited digital tools, weaker support systems, and fewer healthcare resources exhibit poorer cognitive, mental, and physical health. The researchers found that counties with high resilience had significantly better outcomes, and that healthcare infrastructure is a key modifiable factor.
The new statistical method adapts to data structure, resisting outliers and providing greater stability on non-Euclidean spaces. This improves the reliability of analysis in areas like medical imaging, computer vision, and machine learning.
A team of researchers has developed a new machine called the Electronic Probe Computer (EPC60) that can solve NP-complete problems, including optimal routing, scheduling, and network design. The EPC60 outperforms leading commercial software solvers in solving complex problems with high accuracy and efficiency.
A new UTEP study found that postseason NFL officiating from 2015-2023 consistently favored the Kansas City Chiefs, coinciding with their rise as a marketable franchise. This phenomenon, known as regulatory capture, suggests that financial incentives can subtly shape rule enforcement.
A team of researchers has created a reliable method for accurately recording greenhouse gas emissions from corporate sustainability reports. The dataset, published in Scientific Data, provides a rigorous and transparent foundation for evaluating automated approaches to sustainability reporting.
Rice University computer scientists have developed algorithms that account for malicious noise in quantum states, which can collapse into a single random outcome. The new framework considers nonphysical and potentially malicious factors, delivering optimal results with sufficiently large copies of a quantum state.
A new class of insecticide, called spatial emanators, provides protection for up to a year against mosquitoes that spread malaria, as well as dengue, West Nile, yellow fever, and Zika. The breakthrough offers lasting protection in areas where malaria is prevalent and can be used day and night without heating or electricity.
A new method called Causal Pivot detects hidden genetic drivers and subgroups patients by true biological causes of their illnesses. The tool paves the way for major advances in personalized genetic medicine by revealing genetic "routes" into diseases.
A study published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases has shown that combining country-level information with individual-level variables can improve the identification of soil-transmitted helminth infections among migrant populations. Researchers found that country-level indicators are stronger predictors than individual-level variable...
Researchers analyzed US cancer registration systems and found disparities in racial minorities' representation, despite revisions to the established standards. The study revealed significantly lower rates for American Indian or Alaskan Native populations under the 1997 standards compared to the previous 1977 standards.
Top ten errors identified by Dr Dan Green include incorrect causal language, poorly formatted abstracts, and statistical analysis sections with inaccurate or incomplete details. The article provides recommendations for researchers to avoid these common mistakes and advance a transparent and reproducible research world.
BingoCGN accelerates real-time large-scale graph neural network inference through cross-partition message quantization and a novel training algorithm, achieving up to 65-fold speedup and 107-fold increase in energy efficiency compared to state-of-the-art accelerators.
A recent study at JAIST uncovers the mechanisms behind symmetry breaking during meniscus splitting in evaporating polymer solutions. The experiment reveals that nucleation points form at uneven positions along the confined space, influencing the timing and positioning of subsequent splits.
UTA researcher Suvra Pal has been awarded a $1.8 million grant to develop advanced predictive models that can better predict cures and guide safer treatment. These models could transform how doctors treat cancer and other serious illnesses by offering more personalized and accurate predictions for patients.
A recent meta-analysis found that generative AI's diagnostic accuracy is lower than that of specialist doctors, with an average accuracy of 52.1%. The study suggests that while generative AI has the potential to support non-specialist doctors in diagnostics, further research is needed to improve its capabilities.
A Lehigh University researcher is developing a new platform to enhance flu forecasting through a human judgment temporal forecast system, which aims to improve evidence-based public health decision making. The system will collect unbiased opinions and forecasts from public health experts and the general public.
The WNFC's player ambassadors will amplify public service announcements, social media content, and local community education events to raise awareness about cardiovascular disease and CPR education in women. The league has also implemented a requirement for all coaches to be certified in CPR, AED, and first aid.
The USPSTF updates its recommendation on primary care interventions to support breastfeeding, citing established associations between breastfeeding and child health benefits. As of 2021, 59.8% of infants at 6 months are breastfed, while 27.2% are exclusively breastfed.
A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials found that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) were associated with a statistically significant reduction in all-cause dementia. Cardioprotective glucose-lowering therapies, however, did not show an overall reduction in dementia risk.
Research reveals that GLP-1RAs and SGLT2i medications significantly reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in people with type 2 diabetes. No significant difference was found between these two treatments.
Juan Gamella's mini-labs provide a flexible test environment for new AI algorithms, allowing researchers to test their performance beyond simulated data. The mini-labs help identify issues early on, enabling targeted improvements to underlying mathematical assumptions and algorithms.
The employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities remained stable at approximately 37.5% in February, according to the nTIDE report. The labor force participation rate also decreased slightly from 42% to 40.8% for people with disabilities.
A cross-sectional study found a significant increase in abortions among Colorado residents following the implementation of Texas SB8. This rise aligns with reports from area clinicians and media outlets, indicating increased patient demand and delayed appointments.
A cross-sectional study found a significant increase in abortions among Colorado residents following the implementation of Texas SB8. The study aligns with reports from clinicians and media outlets, indicating dramatic patient demand and delayed appointments.
A new study from the University of South Australia found that most people trust AI in situations where the stakes are low, such as music suggestions. However, those with poor statistical literacy or little familiarity with AI were just as likely to trust algorithms for trivial choices as they were for critical decisions. The study also...
A new study by Northeastern University's Crime Prevention Lab found that CCTV cameras in Newark, NJ, were associated with reduced auto thefts three to four years after installation. The study highlights the importance of longer-term evaluations to understand the persistence and potential increase of crime prevention effects.
The American Heart Association and NFL Alumni Association collaborate to promote healthy lifestyles through Life's Essential 8, which includes four indicators of cardiovascular health and four behavioral/lifestyle factors. By following these steps, adults can lower their risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular conditions.
A novel scheduling model abstracts the entire sortie process into a hybrid flow-shop scheduling problem, taking into account task priorities and resource constraints. The solution framework was validated in a simulation environment and shows significant improvement in sortie efficiency compared to existing strategies.