Articles tagged with Transplantation
A comprehensive study published in the Journal of Hepatology shows women and men have similar mortality rates from cirrhosis, contradicting previous research. The study analyzed data from 20,045 patients with cirrhosis, finding no difference in liver-related cause of death between genders.
A new study found that patients with lower socioeconomic status and additional illnesses are less likely to be put on transplant waiting lists in the UK, despite universal healthcare. The study suggests that patient factors, such as age and health literacy, play a significant role in determining access to transplantation.
Women awaiting liver transplants face higher mortality rates than men due to various factors, including geographic location and medical urgency. Liver size also plays a role in these disparities, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address sex-based inequalities.
Researchers from University Hospital of Toulouse treated a severely ill patient with COVID-19 using tocilizumab, a biological agent targeting inflammatory cytokines. The patient showed dramatic improvement in respiratory outcomes, suggesting potential benefits for patients with the most severe forms of COVID-19.
A case series describes the treatment and outcomes of heart transplant recipients infected with COVID-19 in New York City. The study reveals varying characteristics among patients, highlighting the need for individualized care.
A study examining factors affecting racial disparities before kidney transplantation found that socioeconomic status and comorbidities explain up to 58% of the disparity in listing. Black patients with kidney failure are more likely to be waitlisted than white patients, despite similar rates of transplant receipt.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen suggests that transplanted intestinal contents could be effective against obesity and type 2 diabetes. Researchers found that obese mice with unhealthy lifestyles gained significantly less weight and avoided type 2 diabetes when they received viruses transplanted from the stool of lean mice.
Researchers have developed a non-invasive method to visualize damage in donor kidneys using photoacoustic imaging. This technique allows for accurate assessment of kidney scarring and can potentially revolutionize transplantation protocol by matching organs with patient life expectancy, reducing costs and improving outcomes.
Researchers found fecal microbial transplantation reduced bloodstream infections and improved patient quality of life in chronically ill patients. FMT decolonized multi-drug resistant bacteria, allowing patients to undergo stem-cell transplants and return to work.
A 30-year study on Crigler-Najjar syndrome reveals the clinical course of 28 individuals with high bilirubin levels, demonstrating the effectiveness of phototherapy and liver transplantation. Early intervention is critical, and treatment delays increase brain damage risk.
A study by Kanatsu-Shinohara et al. shows that spermatogonial stem cell transplantation can restore sperm development in infertile mice, offering potential treatment for male infertility. The research uses chemically castrated mice with a Cldn11 gene deficiency.
A study of Southeastern US patients found that living far from a transplant center did not affect referral and evaluation initiation. Key findings indicate that other factors like travel time or transportation options may have a larger impact.
Fecal Microbiota Transplants (FMT) have shown high success rates in treating C.diff infection, with 78% of patients experiencing no recurrence of diarrhoea within 90 days. This treatment is particularly effective compared to antibiotics, which have lower success rates for relapsing infections.
The study reveals a significant increase in survival rates after liver transplantation in the UK, with improvements seen in both short-time and long-term outcomes. The advancements are attributed to better surgical techniques and immunosuppression strategies.
Survival rates have improved significantly for children who received kidney transplants, with a 72% lower mortality risk among those transplanted later than earlier periods. This improvement is primarily attributed to reduced deaths from cardiovascular causes and infections.
Recent publications provide insights into FMT research, emphasizing the need for rigorous clinical trials to demonstrate safety and effectiveness. Researchers are evaluating different preparations of FMT and manufacturers are developing products for licensure.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati are using APOL1 genotyping to identify high-risk African American donors and reduce their chances of developing kidney disease. The study aims to optimize the health of organ donors by protecting them from genetic factors that increase their risk of kidney disease.
A 30-year study details clinical course of 184 individuals with genetically diverse forms of MSUD, showing increased survival and hospitalization rates. Despite advances in care, patients continue to suffer from cognitive and psychiatric disabilities, highlighting the need for safer and more effective disease-modifying interventions.
Researchers develop machine that repairs injured human livers and keeps them alive for a week outside the body. The technology increases the number of available organs for transplantation, saving lives of patients with severe liver diseases or cancer.
A new study found that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of kidney function decline and failure in transplant recipients. Those with higher Mediterranean Diet Scores experienced 29% less risk of function loss and 32% less risk of failure.
A case series of 80 heart transplant patients reveals that donors positive for hepatitis C pose a risk to recipients, who developed chronic liver disease and cirrhosis.
A new study published in Blood Advances found that patients receiving multidisciplinary, holistic evaluation before undergoing transplantation have improved outcomes and survival rates. The team-based approach coordinated recommendations from various care providers and created individualized treatment plans.
A recent study found that mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) are released by DCD hearts following warm ischemia, correlating with subsequent contractile recovery. The research team aims to investigate the role of mtDAMPs in inflammatory responses and recovery of contractile function in cardiac grafts.
Researchers found budesonide reduced serious side effects like new onset diabetes and bone loss in liver transplant patients, while maintaining comparable organ rejection rates to prednisone. The study involved 20 patients and showed lower infection rates and improved blood sugar control.
A study suggests that extending lifelong Medicare coverage of transplant medications would reduce healthcare costs and improve quality of life for kidney transplant recipients. This policy change could benefit patients who are currently left without coverage after 36 months.
Rates for all types of kidney replacement therapy were consistently higher in men than women in European countries from 1965 to 2015. The male-to-female ratio increased with age and was particularly high for diabetic patients, suggesting that biological or access-related factors may be at play.
A new study confirms FMT is effective in treating IBS with high response rates and symptom improvements, but selecting the right donor is crucial for success. The study used a 'super-donor' to produce high rates of clinical response and marked symptom improvements in patients with IBS.
Transplant patients who received high-risk donor lungs through ex vivo lung perfusion showed improved long-term outcomes, including reduced mortality and morbidity rates. The study suggests that this technique may be a viable alternative for high-risk patients, providing access to more organs.
The Edwards family's journey with uterus transplantation has resulted in the birth of their fourth child through this innovative procedure. Researchers at Baylor University Medical Center have completed 20 uterus transplants as part of a clinical trial, aiming to expand this option for women with absolute uterine factor infertility.
A new study published in The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery found that hearts from donors with acute stress-induced cardiomyopathy can be safely transplanted without affecting recipient outcomes. This breakthrough could lead to a significant increase in the supply of donor hearts, estimated at 20-30%.
A recent analysis reveals persistent disparities in preemptive kidney transplantation, with Black and Hispanic patients and those on Medicare facing reduced access. The 2014 Kidney Allocation System may have exacerbated some inequalities for these groups.
Researchers developed a kidney transplant risk model combining data from kidney donor registries, statistics of probable genetic profiles, and immunological knowledge to improve predictions of donor-recipient match. The study suggests that incorporating partial antigen match data can further enhance the accuracy of the model.
This observational study found that frailty and increased risk of death on the liver transplant waiting list differ by body mass index. The study suggests that heavier candidates may be more susceptible to mortality during the wait period.
A study of nearly 1.5 million patients found that receiving dialysis at for-profit facilities was linked to lower likelihoods of being placed on the kidney waiting list and receiving a transplant. The authors suggest that more research is needed to understand this association.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have developed a universal screening approach for vaginal microbiota transplantation (VMT) donors to ensure only beneficial microbes are transferred. The pilot study found that 35% of participants might be eligible VMT donors, and the success rate may depend on a small number of willing 'super donors'.
A new study suggests transplanting Hepatitis C-infected kidneys to uninfected recipients is safe and can be implemented as a standard of care. This approach could greatly expand the number of available kidneys and reduce waiting times for donors, saving thousands of lives annually.
Researchers found that faecal inoculations changed the koalas' microbiomes, allowing them to eat messmate. This could affect all aspects of their ecology, including nutrition and habitat selection. The study provides a proof of concept for using encapsulated faecal material to introduce new microbes in koalas' guts.
A phase I trial is evaluating the combination of fecal transplants and immunotherapy for melanoma, with preliminary research suggesting a potential link between the human microbiome and treatment outcomes. Researchers aim to improve responses in 40-50% of patients treated with immunotherapy.
A new study from the University of Cincinnati found that Hispanic women have a higher likelihood of pregnancy than white women after receiving a kidney transplant. The study analyzed data from over 7,900 women and revealed a pregnancy rate of 21.4 per-thousand person years among Hispanic women.
A recent analysis found that home dialysis use increased across all racial and ethnic groups in the US from 2005 to 2013, with racial differences narrowing. Minority patients continued to have lower mortality rates than White patients, while transplantation rates remained lower for Blacks.
A new nonlive shingles vaccine reduced shingles episodes by 75% among patients who underwent stem cell transplantation compared to placebo. Long-term protection was not assessed due to study limitations.
A new study shows that at least three Caribbean coral species can survive and grow under severe ocean acidification conditions, despite lower skeleton density. Slow-growing dome-shaped corals outperformed fast-growing branching corals in the experiment.
The VITALE study found that high-dose vitamin D supplementation significantly reduces fracture risk in kidney transplant recipients, with a lower incidence of fractures in the high-dose group compared to the low-dose group. The treatment was well-tolerated with no increased risks of adverse effects.
A new study found FMT safe and effective in treating children with C. difficile, with success rates of 87% and predictors including fresh stool, colonoscopy, and recent treatment. The procedure was associated with fewer complications compared to adults, paving the way for future research.
Researchers used VirScan to detect antibodies against viruses in kidney transplant recipients and found results concordant with conventional viral screening. Antibody responses remained largely unchanged one year after transplantation, suggesting a safe and reproducible approach to monitor post-transplant viral infections.
Researchers successfully changed some of the composition of the gut microbiota of patients with obesity using fecal matter from a lean donor. The study found alterations in stool samples and decreased levels of a specific bile acid, suggesting potential new weight-loss therapy.
A new study demonstrates the safety of a potential treatment for ischemia-reperfusion injury in human lung transplant patients, showing no dose-limiting toxicities or 30-day mortality. The treatment, Regadenoson, has the potential to improve survival rates and quality of life for lung transplant recipients.
Fecal transplants could block C. diff's spore from germinating and propagating disease via its toxins, repopulating the gut with diverse microbes. However, current fecal transplant products are not FDA-approved, and patients should refer to clinical trials instead.
A new study shows that feces transplantation for Clostridium difficile colitis saves at least $1.2 million annually per 50 patients, reducing hospital costs from 37 to 20 days per year. The treatment provides significant cost savings without compromising patient care.
A new study compares the effectiveness and cost of gene therapy to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients with major beta-thalassemia. Gene therapy was found to be associated with fewer complications and hospital admissions over 2 years, but was nearly twice as costly.
Racial disparities in access to kidney transplants continue, with patients from underserved groups more likely to be listed as inactive and less likely to receive transplants than white patients. A new study analyzing data from 2014-2016 found significant inequities despite a system aimed at increasing access for vulnerable populations.
Researchers at UBC have created a durable nanocomposite biomaterial heart-valve that enables the heart to adapt faster and more seamlessly. The new design is made from naturally derived materials, such as gels, vinyl, and cellulose, and can be inserted into patients through small incisions, reducing implantation risks.
A large-scale study published in the Journal of Hepatology found that antiviral therapy significantly improves survival rates for kidney transplant recipients infected with hepatitis B or C. The study analyzed records of over 30,000 patients and confirmed that antiviral therapy should be systematically offered to these patients.
A new study found that losing Medicare coverage before the three-year post-transplant mark significantly increases the risk of kidney failure and decreases medication adherence. This has significant policy implications, highlighting the need for healthcare safety nets and access to immunosuppressive medications.
Patients who receive a kidney transplant are at increased risk of skin cancer, with the rate rising after stopping anti-rejection medications, according to a study. The study found that skin cancer rates fell during periods of transplant failure but remained higher than pre-transplant patients on dialysis.
The study found that livers from older donors (70 and older) decreased in use despite improvements in liver graft loss and death among recipients of these older liver grafts. This suggests it may be reasonable to expand the donor pool with broader use of liver grafts from older donors.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology found that frailty is associated with cognitive decline in adults undergoing kidney transplantation. Cognitive function improved after transplantation but declined in frail recipients over several years.
A streamlined process for low-risk kidney transplant candidates has been developed to maximize the chance of pre-emptive transplantation. Younger patients with few comorbidities and not on dialysis for over five years can expect a significantly longer life expectancy after transplantation.
A nationwide cohort study found that timely kidney transplant significantly increases survival in patients with lupus nephritis and end-stage renal disease. The study revealed a 70% reduction in overall risk of death, with benefits observed across various subgroups, including African Americans, Hispanics, Asians, and both sexes.
A study found that whole-exome sequencing revealed a genetic diagnosis of kidney disease in 32.7% of pediatric kidney transplant recipients. This technique may help individualize pre- and post-transplant care for these young patients, guiding the development of more personalized treatment plans.