Articles tagged with Aorta
Research suggests a potential biological pathway linking chronic oral gum disease to calcific aortic valve stenosis, a common and serious heart valve disease. Studies found bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis present in calcified aortic valves, leading to inflammation and valve hardening.
The Ross Procedure offers long-term benefits and normal quality of life due to its living pulmonary valve replacement. Excellent durability and physiologic valve function are achieved, challenging traditional conceptions around the operation.
Researchers found that clonal hematopoiesis accelerates aortic aneurysm progression and that commonly used osteoporosis drugs can slow or halt this process. The study identified a key mechanism by which macrophages contribute to extracellular matrix degradation, providing a potential non-surgical approach for treating aortic aneurysms.
The Adams Valve Institute aims to expand the treatment of valvular heart disease, focusing on complex surgeries and underserved populations. The Institute will promote innovation in advanced imaging, reconstructive surgical techniques, and breakthrough research.
A statewide partnership in Michigan led to a significant increase in patients receiving follow-up imaging after aortic aneurysm repair. This resulted in a reduced likelihood of dying within one year of surgery and improved detection of early problems that can lead to device failure or future complications.
Researchers found that glycation stress, caused by methylglyoxal, promotes aortic stiffening and cellular senescence. Natural compound Gly-Low, containing nicotinamide and alpha-lipoic acid, reversed these effects and reduced stiffness in aging mice.
Graz researchers investigate homocysteine's impact on the aorta, finding elevated levels lead to stiffer and less elastic vessels. This discovery contributes to understanding of cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis.
Researchers found a connection between high TMAO levels and faster rates of aneurysm expansion, as well as greater risk for needing surgery. Targeting TMAO levels may help prevent and treat aneurysmal disease beyond surgery.
Researchers have discovered a crucial molecular basis for aortic dissection by linking endothelial dysfunction with immune infiltration. The study reveals that abnormalities in vascular endothelial cells facilitate the accumulation of inflammatory cells, leading to fatal rupture.
The Society of Thoracic Surgeons has launched a new risk calculator for patients undergoing ascending aorta and aortic root surgery, which provides real-world data collected through the STS Adult Cardiac Surgery Database. The calculator supports more accurate assessments of expected outcomes, including mortality and major morbidity.
Research found that MPO promotes inflammation and inhibits protective mechanisms in perivascular adipose tissue, leading to poorer vascular function. Inhibiting MPO could be a promising therapeutic approach for obesity-related cardiovascular risk reduction.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered that excessive Gata4 protein accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells contributes to aortic aneurysm vulnerability in Loeys-Dietz patients. The study's findings may help refine treatments for this genetic disorder, which affects connective tissue systems.
Researchers found that obstructive sleep apnea increases the susceptibility of mice to develop abdominal aortic aneurysms, likely caused by intermittent hypoxia triggering enzyme activity that degrades the extracellular matrix. This degradation weakens the aorta, making it more prone to rupture.
Researchers identified patterns of upregulated genes in aortic endothelium that contribute to aneurysm formation. They also found stiffer endothelium in sites prone to aneurysms, which can lead to vessel wall alterations and increased risk of rupture.
Researchers discovered a step-by-step process of calcification in aortic valves, revealing two defense mechanisms: osteopontin and collagen fibers. The study provides new insights into understanding cardiovascular calcification and potential therapeutic applications.
A study by Linköping University researchers found that disturbed blood flow can cause inflammation and breakdown of the vessel wall in cases of aortic dilation. This discovery could lead to better diagnosis and treatment options for patients at risk of serious complications.
A new AI-based video biomarker is associated with aortic stenosis development and progression, allowing for opportunistic risk stratification across various imaging modalities. The study's findings suggest potential applications on handheld devices for early detection and intervention.
Studies at the University of Gothenburg found a clear shift in arterial disease risks in diabetes, with decreases in central organ diseases like heart attack and stroke, but increases in peripheral vessel complications. Closer monitoring of long-term blood sugar levels can reduce peripheral arterial disease risk by 30-50%.
The new guidelines recognize the aorta as an independent organ, bundling its treatment with other specialties. This holistic approach improves treatment outcomes for patients with aortic rupture and other serious diseases.
Researchers developed a physics-based metric to predict aortic aneurysm development, measuring 'fluttering' in blood vessels. The 'flutter instability parameter' forecasted abnormal growth three years prior to occurrence with 98% accuracy.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have identified cells and molecules that go awry in the developing hearts of fetuses in women with diabetes, leading to higher levels of retinoic acid activity. The study could eventually lead to interventions to lower heart malformations risk in babies born to women with diabetes.
A new technique to control severe bleeding in injured patients has been found to increase the risk of death. The REBOA treatment was tested in a clinical trial involving 90 adult trauma patients, but it did not show the expected benefits.
A team of researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University has identified a gene called Rasip1 as crucial for blood cell development. SOX17, a transcription factor, is found to activate Rasip1, leading to the formation of hematopoietic stem cells and associated hematopoietic activity.
Researchers found a 27% decrease in mean friction and a 9% reduction in energy demand through pulsating pumping similar to the human heart. This approach could lead to less costly modifications than pipe wall changes or actuators, benefiting industrial applications.
Two researchers will receive $1 million each for their five-year studies on new medication-based approaches to repair damaged aortas, as well as the effects of exercise on healing heart muscle and brain tissue after a heart attack or stroke. The American Heart Association's Merit Award supports innovative research with high impact.
Researchers found that immune-modulating cells may slow the expansion of bulges in the aorta by creating a less-inflammatory environment. A second study discovered evidence that a COVID-19 infection promotes the enlargement of abdominal aortic aneurysms, which are extremely dangerous and potentially fatal if they rupture.
Using image-based computational blood dynamics, researchers mimicked health conditions and investigated hemodynamic parameters to better understand how aneurysm size affects blood flow. They found that altered blood flow velocity distribution can lead to rupture, emphasizing the importance of early detection and treatment options.
Scientists have discovered the origin of congenital coronary fistulae, a condition where abnormal connections form between blood vessels and heart chambers. This study may help improve early diagnosis and treatment of this condition, which affects up to 0.2% of patients undergoing medical examination.
A recent study found that the mitochondrial antioxidant MitoQ can reverse the detrimental effects of HIV and antiretroviral therapy on organs such as the brain, heart, and liver. The researchers used humanized mice infected with HIV and treated them with MitoQ for three months.
Researchers from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center found that newer unibody aortic stent grafts failed to meet non-inferiority compared to non-unibody devices. A surveillance program is recommended to monitor safety events related to aortic stent grafts.
Researchers have developed a procedure to create custom, 3D-printed heart replicas that accurately mimic a patient's specific heart form and function. These replicas can be controlled to mimic the pumping action of the real heart, allowing clinicians to test various treatment options for individual patients.
A new study published in Radiology: Cardiothoracic Imaging shows that photon-counting detector CT can acquire high-quality images at lower contrast media volume than conventional CT scanners. The technology reduces the amount of contrast needed for CT angiography, improving image quality and reducing environmental impact.
The procedure requires thorough pre-procedural evaluation and assessment of anatomical and hemodynamic data. Long-term results indicate that TPVR can effectively restore RVOT function, while improving survival rates and reducing the need for reintervention across age groups. Vigilant testing is recommended to avoid rare but serious com...
Researchers will investigate the relationship between heart function and aorta stiffness to identify risk factors for heart failure in Hispanics/Latinos, who are disproportionately affected by this condition. The study aims to develop new methods for predicting and preventing heart failure in underrepresented populations.
A study published in the Hypertension journal suggests that bromocriptine, a Parkinson's disease medication, may help prevent heart disease in youth with Type 1 diabetes. The research found that teens with Type 1 diabetes who took bromocriptine had lower blood pressure and less stiff arteries after one month of treatment.
A daily cup of black tea could help reduce extensive abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and lower cardiovascular risk late in life. Flavonoid intake from other sources like fruits, nuts, and dark chocolate may also offer protection.
A study published in JAMA Cardiology found that the mortality rate for patients with a torn aorta has decreased significantly, from 37% in the 1950s to nearly 6% today. However, patients who did not receive surgery died at a rate five times higher than those who underwent treatment.
Researchers developed nanoparticles to deliver anti-inflammatory payloads directly to inflamed blood vessels, significantly increasing survival chances and delaying rupture onset. Targeting specific NF-kappaB subunits improved therapeutic effects with fewer adverse effects.
A Rutgers study found that women are more likely to die or require repeat surgery five years after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. The researchers highlighted the need for increased inclusion of women in aortic device creation and trial enrollment, given differences in aortic anatomy between men and women.
A long-term study has found a connection between abdominal aortic calcification and late-life dementia risk. Researchers discovered that women with medium to high levels of AAC were twice as likely to be hospitalized or die from late-life dementia.
A new study found that an increased aortic diameter is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events like heart attacks and strokes in both women and men. The study suggests that imaging-based assessment of thoracic aorta size could be considered a risk marker for future cardiovascular disease.
A study of patients treated with edoxaban and dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after TAVR found that edoxaban reduced subclinical leaflet thrombosis, but did not affect stroke risk. Rates of death, stroke, and cognitive decline were similar in both groups.
Researchers developed a novel method of measuring aortic growth, called vascular deformation mapping, which outperforms standard manual rating methods. The technique uses high-resolution CT imaging to calculate three-dimensional changes in the aortic wall, achieving an accuracy of less than 1 millimeter.
The American Roentgen Ray Society recognizes Drs. Nguyen, Beheshtian, Harfouch, and Hashiba for their outstanding research and education contributions to the field of radiology. The awards honor the candidates' scientific merit and potential impact on imaging and allied sciences research.
The UK has an estimated 1.5% prevalence of severe aortic stenosis among people aged 55+, equivalent to around 300,000 living with the condition. Over half of advanced cases will die within 5 years without treatment. The NHS may struggle to cope with the rising demand for life-saving surgical procedures.
The new guideline provides a comprehensive summary of the state of evidence for managing patients with type B aortic dissection. It recommends employing a stepwise approach to evaluation and treatment, followed by close clinical surveillance, and identifies earlier endovascular treatment as a promising option.
Researchers found that chronic use of sildenafil aggravated the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms in mice, disrupting smooth muscle cells' ability to contract. The study suggests caution when prescribing PDE5 inhibitors like sildenafil for patients with existing aortic aneurysmal lesions.
A team of researchers used deep learning to analyze cardiac images and identified genetic variations linked to aortic size. The findings may lead to the development of a polygenic score to identify individuals at high risk of aneurysm, as well as new drug targets for aortic enlargement.
A Medicare claims data analysis revealed that TAVR programs in major metropolitan areas struggle to serve disadvantaged populations. Zip codes with higher proportions of Black and Hispanic patients had significantly lower rates of TAVR compared to more affluent neighborhoods.
A recent study found that fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic repair significantly reduced mortality rates for patients with complex aortic aneurysms, with a 1% risk of mortality at 30 days compared to 21% in open surgical repair. The procedure also showed better outcomes regarding major adverse events, including spinal cord injury.
The EPFL engineers have successfully implanted their first artificial tubular muscle in a pig, achieving 24,000 pulsations with the cardiac assist device. The device maintains blood flow while minimizing invasive procedures.
Women are more likely to experience acute aortic dissection with older age and different presenting symptoms, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. The study highlights the need for sex-directed strategies to improve outcomes in female patients.
A University of Kentucky team will study the culprit behind thoracic aortic aneurysms with a $5.6 million grant from the NIH. The goal is to find new medical options to prevent surgical intervention.
Researchers at NTU Singapore have developed a device that seals tears and holes in blood vessels using an electrically-activated glue patch applied via a minimally invasive balloon catheter. The Voltaglue system has the potential to replace open or keyhole surgery for patching up internal blood vessel defects.
A team of researchers at the University of Pittsburgh is developing a new model to predict the risk of human aneurysms, using mechanical testing and biomechanical simulations. They aim to identify patients at high risk of rupture and improve patient prognosis by guiding surgical intervention.
Researchers created a synthetic tubular scaffold from biodegradable polylactic acid, which forms an artificial vessel in its place. The scaffold showed high patency rates and was proven to be non-toxic.
Research from Edith Cowan University found that consuming higher amounts of cruciferous vegetables daily can lower the risk of extensive calcification on the aorta, a key marker for structural blood vessel disease. Vitamin K may play a role in inhibiting this calcification process.
The study mapped the molecular characteristics of the aortic microenvironment where Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) form. Researchers identified conserved regulators, such as ADM and RAMP2, involved in HSC production in vivo.
Researchers at Temple University Health System have discovered that blocking the molecule Drp1 can prevent abdominal aortic aneurysms from developing in animals. The study suggests that maintaining mitochondrial fission-fusion balance may be fundamental to preventing AAA and other cardiovascular diseases.
A study of veteran endurance athletes aged 50-75 found that 20-25% had an enlarged aorta, challenging the concept that the aorta is a stable structure. The study's findings suggest that lifelong exercise may cause dilation of the aorta with attendant risks.