Articles tagged with Cancer Treatments
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Polyploidy, a state with extra genetic material, allows cancer cells to survive longer under DNA damage. This phenomenon explains why some cancers are resistant to anti-cancer drug treatments.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine have re-engineered natural killer immune cells with blue light-activated protein function, allowing them to infiltrate and kill solid tumor spheroids. The technology has shown promising results in killing breast cancer and melanoma cells within seven days.
Researchers at Osaka University demonstrated that ultra-short, high-dose proton irradiation increases cell survival rates even under normoxic conditions. This breakthrough could lead to the development of a cancer treatment method with fewer side effects.
A study analyzing Reddit posts reveals that breast cancer patients struggle with unmet emotional and financial concerns during treatment and long after. The research highlights the importance of providing adequate support and education to address these concerns.
Researchers found that ApoE protects melanoma cells from ferroptosis by increasing antioxidant capacity and neutralizing lipids. This discovery highlights the APOE gene as a critical factor in melanoma cell survival, potentially opening new avenues for treatment.
Researchers developed an AI model that uses machine learning and combination theory to predict suspicious skin lesions. The new C4C Risk Score has an accuracy of 69% and significantly outperformed existing methods, including 7PCL and Williams score.
A groundbreaking study has demonstrated the clinical success of a new nanoparticle-based, laser-guided therapy for prostate cancer treatment. The therapy successfully eliminated cancerous cells in 73% of patients after 12 months while preserving key functions and side effects.
Researchers at Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology have developed a novel method to culture antitumor bacteria using porous scaffolds, enhancing their anticancer properties and improving safety in animal testing. The approach resulted in improved survival rates in mice with breast cancer, including drug-resistant cases.
Researchers from IOCB Prague have created new-generation prodrug activators that can enhance the effectiveness of anti-cancer therapies by targeting malignant tumours more precisely. These compounds allow for faster release of drugs in the body, increasing the utilization of administered doses.
Researchers at ChristianaCare Gene Editing Institute use CRISPR tools to safely disable gene mutation linked to treatment-resistant melanoma. The approach targets melanoma tumor cells while leaving healthy cells alone, restoring sensitivity to anticancer drugs.
Researchers have identified a critical genetic group that is near incurable using current therapies, leading to improved survival and quality of life for children with Group 3 medulloblastoma. The study also uncovered a potential targetable mechanism for new therapies aimed at improving outcomes.
A new study found that 5-fluorouracil kills cells by interfering with RNA synthesis, not DNA damage. The findings suggest that combining 5-FU with drugs affecting RNA synthesis could make it more effective in patients with gastrointestinal cancers.
Researchers have discovered a novel immunotherapy approach using natural killer T cells to combat solid tumors. By targeting tumor-associated macrophages and promoting systemic immune responses, CAR-natural killer T cells demonstrate superior antitumor activity compared to traditional CAR-T therapy.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine have discovered a new subtype of aggressive prostate cancer and identified a potential degrader to target it. The study found that a genetic alteration in the CDK12 gene drives cancer development, and a degrader targeting this gene shows promise in destroying cancer cells.
A recent study published in Liver Cancer found that patients with diabetes mellitus and comorbid obesity are at a higher risk of liver cancer recurrence after resection. The risk is significantly higher for those with comorbid obesity, increasing by approximately 3.8 times over five years postoperatively.
Adult childhood cancer survivors experience elevated fear of cancer recurrence, emphasizing the importance of routine screening and timely symptom intervention. The study's findings suggest that fear of cancer recurrence should be a significant concern in survivorship care.
Researchers review UBA1 loss of function in VEXAS Syndrome, a hematoinflammatory disorder characterized by severe inflammation, cytopenias, and oncogenicity. They explore therapeutic options, including clone-targeting drugs, to combat this challenging disease.
Researchers discovered TERT gene activation as a key factor in determining the clinical course of pulmonary carcinoid tumours, with aggressive growth linked to telomerase activation. The study aims to improve treatment planning and targeted therapeutic strategies for cancer types.
Researchers explore immune activation and tumor-promoting transcription factor FOXM1's role in CDK4/6-MEK resistance. They suggest targeting the oncogenic network of CDK4/6, MEK, PD-L1, and FOXM1 as future treatment options for MPNST patients.
The American College of Chest Physicians has released a new clinical guideline on endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) specimen processing and handling to standardize the process. The guidelines aim to improve diagnostic yield and specimen preservation for downstream ancillary testing.
A new study found that the IOTA ADNEX ultrasound model can detect up to 96% of ovarian cancers in postmenopausal women, outperforming the current standard test. The research team recommends replacing the risk of malignancy (RMI1) test with the IOTA ADNEX model.
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys have developed a clearer picture of how crucial machinery in the human cell's recycling process for obsolete and misshapen proteins—known as proteasomes—are formed. The research team shed new light on how two protein chaperones bind on the top of the alpha subunit ring as it is constructed.
Scientists at Anglia Ruskin University are collaborating with Medannex to accelerate treatment for bone cancer in children, focusing on paediatric osteosarcoma. The first-in-class therapy MDX-124 has shown promising results in preclinical tests and is being evaluated in a clinical study.
According to the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN), lung cancer is the most common type of cancer, with 2.2 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths worldwide in 2020. China had the highest number of new cases, and incidence and mortality rates have been steadily rising from 1990 to 2019.
Researchers have developed an AI technology that can analyze mammary tissue biopsies to identify signs of damaged cells, a key indicator of breast cancer risk. The study found the AI was far better at predicting risk than current clinical benchmarks, offering improved treatment options for women.
Dr. Roger Lo has been awarded a $2 million NIH grant to investigate ways to prevent drug resistance in melanoma treatment and improve the effectiveness of MAPK inhibitors. The team aims to target genetic instability and immune evasion to stabilize the melanoma genome and make it more vulnerable to immune attacks.
The #HOPE4LIVER trial demonstrated the safety and efficacy of histotripsy as a treatment for primary and metastatic liver tumors, achieving a 95% technical success rate. The procedure's non-invasive nature and ability to spare critical vessels and bile ducts offer promising alternatives to traditional treatments.
A randomized clinical trial found that a voice-activated cognitive behavioral therapy program improved insomnia symptoms in breast cancer survivors. The intervention, delivered in an in-home setting, demonstrated efficacy in reducing sleep disturbances and enhancing overall quality of life.
Older cancer survivors are at a higher risk of stroke, heart attack, and hospital admission for heart failure. Chemotherapy is also linked to elevated rates of these conditions.
A new study found that patients with 4 or 5 identified risk factors, including age 18-24 years and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, had over 100 times the incidence of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome. The data provide a basis for early identification and monitoring of children and youth at elevated risk.
A recent study found a correlation between higher anti-PD-1 autoantibody levels and lower survival rates in patients with advanced liver cancer, suggesting these autoantibodies as potential biomarkers for predicting treatment response. The discovery aims to improve treatment regimens for patients with liver cancer.
New study finds that extended estrogen suppression using aromatase inhibitors for hormone receptor-positive postmenopausal breast cancer is safe and does not increase the risk of coronary artery calcification. The duration of treatment and presence of osteoporosis were not associated with increased coronary artery calcification scores.
The CABINET trial demonstrates that cabozantinib significantly improves median progression-free survival (PFS) for patients with advanced pancreatic and extra-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The treatment also shows promise across all clinical subgroups, including primary tumor site and grade.
Researchers at UCSF used cryogenic electron microscopy to study the protein TGF-Beta, which plays a crucial role in development and cancer. They found that TGF-Beta can signal even when bound to a 'straitjacket' within the cell membrane, challenging decades-old dogma on its function.
Two studies found breastfeeding after breast cancer diagnosis is safe and feasible for young patients with specific genetic variations, as well as hormone receptor-positive breast cancer survivors. A third study shows a telephone-based coaching program can significantly increase physical activity in overweight patients, potentially imp...
The Phase I/II trial of AZD8205, a topoisomerase 1 inhibitor ADC targeting B7-H4, demonstrated partial responses in ovarian, breast, and endometrial cancers. Notably, only two patients experienced severe toxicities, indicating a favorable safety profile.
Scientists are investigating the basic biology of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), an enzyme found in 15% of human cancers. The goal is to understand its normal functions and avoid potential side effects when targeting it for cancer treatment.
A study by IRB Barcelona researchers has identified five independent factors that determine patients' response and survival after receiving checkpoint inhibitors, a type of immunotherapy. These findings provide a framework for current and future biomarkers of immunotherapy response and could lead to more accurate patient classification.
Researchers at Boston University discovered a new method to harness self-amplifying RNA to create more effective vaccines. The modified saRNA vaccine protected mice from severe COVID-19 disease with a lower dose than current mRNA vaccines. Longer duration of protein expression and reduced inflammation were also observed.
Researchers propose a new approach to understanding cancer evolution, acknowledging the importance of environmental influences and epigenetic changes. By refining the clonal evolution model, they aim to develop more effective cancer therapies that consider the full complexity of cancer cell evolution.
A recent study in Sweden found a significant decline in both melanoma incidence and mortality among individuals aged 30-49. The causes of this downward trend are unclear but may be attributed to increased UV protection, public health campaigns, demographic changes, or advancements in melanoma treatment.
Researchers at Auburn University have developed a novel approach integrating artificial intelligence with molecular dynamics simulations and network analysis to enhance the prediction of binding sites on the PD-L1 protein. Their findings could improve immunotherapies like pembrolizumab, revolutionizing cancer treatment.
A Mayo Clinic study found that people with monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) have a 92% elevated risk of developing melanoma. MBL is a precursor to chronic lymphocytic leukemia and also increases the risk of cancers originating in the lymphatic system and serious infections.
A new study published in Cell Systems uses artificial intelligence to map regulatory networks in patient tumors and identifies four drug candidates for neuroendocrine, liver, and renal cancers. The researchers validated these candidates in cells, showing that inhibiting them significantly affected cancer cell growth.
Researchers have designed molecular 'cages' that selectively target and eliminate cancer cells in acidic microenvironments. The study, led by CSIC, proposes a new approach to overcome chemotherapy limitations, with potential for future ionophore development.
The new guideline updates treatment recommendations for Helicobacter pylori infection, shifting away from proton pump inhibitor-clarithromycin triple therapy. Bismuth quadruple therapy and other alternatives are now recommended for treatment-naïve patients.
Researchers developed a novel compound to target prostate cancer using radioactive atom astatine-211, potentially overcoming issues with previous compounds like deastatination. The study found high accumulation in tumors and low accumulation in vital organs, highlighting the potential of this new compound for targeted alpha therapy.
Researchers at UC Merced used fruit flies to uncover a cellular process that could impact the understanding of cancer and aging. They discovered a mechanism that cells use to tune how much protein they make through the process of translating RNA into protein, which can affect longevity and cancer cell production.
Melbourne researchers have developed a breakthrough in creating lab-grown human blood stem cells, which can be used to treat childhood blood disorders. The cells closely mimic those found in the human embryo and can create specific matched blood cells for transplantation, reducing complications and addressing donor shortages.
Researchers have developed a new method to increase speed and success rates in drug discovery by combining data from the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures with targeted docking simulations. This approach can accelerate the drug research process, identifying potentially effective compounds more efficiently.
Researchers have found that natural killer cells instinctively recognize and attack the XPO1 protein, which drives cancer growth. By targeting this protein, scientists may be able to activate more killer cells to destroy cancer cells. The study suggests that this approach could lead to personalized cancer treatment with less side effects.
Recent years have seen therapeutic advances in kidney cancer due to deeper understanding of the disease's biology, with improved treatments and early detection contributing to decreased deaths. Cigarette smoking and being overweight remain major risk factors for kidney cancer.
Researchers have discovered a new approach to treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a rare type of pancreatic cancer. Folinic acid has been found to weaken the cancer's defenses by elevating levels of anti-cancer immune molecules, enabling a more effective immune response and slower tumor growth.
The Chinese College of Interventionalists has introduced a consensus statement on TACE refractoriness in hepatocellular carcinoma, providing a framework for clinicians to identify and manage the condition. This move aims to optimize treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes, particularly in China where HCC incidence is high due...
Researchers from Osaka University have developed a humanized antibody that blocks the DKK1–CKAP4 pathway, stimulating cancer cell growth. The new anti-CKAP4 antibody suppressed tumor formation in mice with both human and mouse tumors, as well as modulating anti-tumor immune reactions.
A new study by Korea University College of Medicine shows that direct-acting antivirals significantly reduce liver-related clinical outcomes and lower the risk of disease progression to cancer or cirrhosis, increasing life expectancy for patients with Hepatitis C. The treatment approach has a high effectiveness rate of 90%.
Researchers discuss the role of gut microbiota in regulating basal inflammation levels and promoting healing of the bowel after surgery. Weakened gut barrier function may lead to persistent low-grade inflammation and increased risk of cancer recurrence.
A new study from UCSF finds that child-parent psychotherapy can reduce biological age acceleration in children who have experienced trauma. The treatment group showed significantly less age-related change than the comparison group, with potential implications for long-term health outcomes.
Texas A&M researchers are investigating the use of extracellular vesicles to deliver immune-suppressing proteins, potentially reducing the immune system's attack on insulin-producing beta-cells. The goal is to develop a novel treatment for type 1 diabetes, which currently has only lifelong insulin therapy as an approved option.
Researchers studied three polyploid plant species that successfully adapted to extra DNA and found distinct molecular solutions. The study identified the CENP-E molecule as a promising target for killing polyploid cancers. Additionally, 'meiosis genes' were found to play a crucial role in rapid adaptation to polyploidy.