Gastroenterology
Articles tagged with Gastroenterology
Rhein attenuates severe acute pancreatitis-associated intestinal injury through pparγ regulating macrophage activation
Color differences in aspirated fluids as a simple diagnostic indicator of PEG tube-related gastric outlet obstruction
Biodegradable, all-metal microrobots could transform drug delivery and biopsy procedures
Researchers have developed a new class of biodegradable, all-metal microrobots that can penetrate tissue and deliver medications without causing damage. These microrobots demonstrate both strength and safety in testing on mice, paving the way for potential applications in drug delivery and biopsy procedures.
Fiber, bathroom habits key to preventing and treating hemorrhoids
The American Gastroenterological Association recommends increasing dietary fiber and reducing time on the toilet as effective initial treatments for hemorrhoids. However, common remedies like sitz baths and over-the-counter creams have limited evidence supporting their effectiveness.
UH researchers discover potential breakthrough for Crohn’s disease treatment
Researchers from UH, Baylor College of Medicine and MD Anderson Cancer Center propose a new treatment approach for Crohn's disease by targeting the stress signal that fuels inflammation. They found that repurposing two existing cancer medications can promote natural repair and regeneration of the intestinal lining.
Yes, that late-night snacking is probably messing up your gut
A new study suggests that eating late at night can disrupt bowel function and lead to constipation and diarrhea. Individuals who experienced high levels of chronic stress and ate more than 25% of daily calories after 9pm were more likely to report bowel problems, highlighting the impact of meal timing on gut health.
Rectal cancer is striking earlier and killing faster
A study finds that rectal cancer mortality is increasing rapidly among adults under 45, with Hispanic and Western US populations experiencing the steepest rises. The study calls for earlier screening and increased awareness to combat this growing trend.
Secret to a healthy liver found in a young microbiome
Researchers found that restoring a young microbiome can reverse features of aging in the liver, including inflammation and DNA damage. The study suggests that a healthy gut microbiome plays a key role in preventing liver cancer.
IBS treatment response predicted by gut microbiome in new study
Researchers found distinct gut microbiome characteristics that predicted treatment response to the low FODMAP diet and rifaximin. Patients who responded to these treatments had different microbial signatures, with increases in diversity for those on the low FODMAP diet and resilience against antibiotics for those on rifaximin.
The AGA Research Foundation awards $2.9 million in digestive health research funding
The AGA Research Foundation has awarded $2.9 million in research funding to 84 recipients, accelerating breakthroughs in digestive health. The selected researchers will focus on various aspects of digestive diseases, including gastric cancer and inflammatory bowel disease.
Natural component from licorice alleviates inflammatory bowel disease in stem cell-based model and in animals
A new study uses a human stem cell-derived model to identify potential therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), highlighting glycyrrhizin as a promising candidate. Glycyrrhizin significantly prevents intestinal cell death in both stem cell models and mice with IBD, reducing inflammation and cell death.
Meet the 2026 American Gastroenterological Association Recognition Award recipients
The American Gastroenterological Association has announced its 2026 recognition prize recipients, including Hashem El-Serag for the Julius Friedenwald Medal for his exceptional service to the field and AGA. Dr. El-Serag is an internationally recognized physician-scientist known for pioneering epidemiologic research on hepatocellular ca...
Study finds sex- and race-based disparities in IBS diagnosis rates among US adults
A national survey found significant disparities in IBS diagnosis across sex and racial groups in the US. Men and Black patients are less likely to receive a formal diagnosis compared to women and white patients, despite similar reported healthcare-seeking behavior and symptom severity.
Can gluten pass through a kiss? New data are reassuring
Researchers studied 10 couples, finding that the risk of gluten transfer through an open-mouth kiss is low and can be reduced to safe levels by waiting or drinking water after consuming gluten. This study aims to alleviate anxiety and social avoidance among those with celiac disease.
Large clinical RCT trial finds no clear added benefit of catheter ablation for preventing recurrent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation
A nationwide Japanese trial found that catheter ablation did not reduce the risk of recurrent stroke or major cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation who had recently experienced a stroke. The study, which enrolled 251 patients and followed them for over three years, suggests that routine addition of catheter ablatio...
Molecular test doubles detection of bile duct cancer
The BiliSeq test detected approximately 82% of bile duct cancers, compared to 44% with pathology alone, and increased cancer detection to nearly 90% when combined with pathology. This improved accuracy enables physicians to provide more personalized medicine and treatment options for patients.
New insights into rare pancreatic tumors that cause low blood sugar
A study by researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo has identified a key gene, DOCK10, involved in abnormal insulin secretion in insulinomas. The findings pave the way for novel diagnostic biomarkers and treatment options.
Early life stress linked to long-lasting digestive issues
A new study suggests that early life stress during pregnancy and early childhood can lead to long-term digestive issues, including gut pain and motility challenges. The research found that early life stress can shape the development of gut-brain communication, contributing to gastrointestinal symptoms in both mice and humans.
$3.4 million grant to improve weight-management programs
A $3.4 million NIH grant will fund a semi-automated feedback system to support people tracking diet, exercise, and weight in weight-management programs. The system aims to provide personalized feedback to increase tracking and weight loss success.
Enhancing gut-brain communication reversed cognitive decline, improved memory formation in aging mice
Aging gut affects memory formation, new study reveals gut microbiome plays a critical role in cognitive decline, but altering gut-brain communication can reverse effects in mice
Low testosterone, high fructose: A recipe for liver disaster
A study published in American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism found that low testosterone and high fructose intake synergistically contribute to liver damage in mice. The researchers discovered that changes in gut microbiota led to increased levels of pyruvate, which promotes fat accumulation in the liver.
Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology highlights new and open colorectal cancer trials in March
The Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology is spotlighting new trials for colorectal cancer in March, focusing on early detection methods and treatments for treatment delays and loss of appetite. The trials aim to improve patient outcomes, with several enrolling patients with newly diagnosed colon or rectal cancer.
Trends in metabolic and bariatric surgery use during the GLP-1 receptor agonist era
Semaglutide and tirzepatide prescriptions increased dramatically between 2018 and 2025, while MBS use rates declined substantially starting in 2023. Recent shifts in MBS use may be more pronounced in certain patient subgroups, such as those seeking sleeve gastrectomy or with lower BMIs.
Mount Sinai, Uniformed Services University join forces to predict and prevent diseases before they start
The ORIGIN study uses advanced molecular tools to identify risk factors and early warning signals in stored blood samples from up to 13,000 service members. By analyzing these data, researchers aim to predict and prevent diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and autoimmune disorders years before symptoms appear.
New blood test score detects hidden alcohol-related liver disease
A new blood test score, MetALD-ALD Prediction Index (MAPI), has been developed to identify when fatty liver disease is driven by excessive alcohol use. The tool uses five standard lab values and can estimate whether a person with fatty liver disease may have alcohol-related liver injury.
Human liver tissue cell architecture reconstructed in 3D at a cellular level
Researchers create detailed 3D reconstructions of human liver tissue, comparing healthy and cirrhotic livers, showing dysregulation of metabolite transport, reduced specialized cells, and disruption of vascular networks. The study highlights the importance of understanding organ structure for bioprinting artificial organs.
Al-Hewa extract rivals mainstream stomach drugs
Researchers found Launaea nudicaulis extract improved gastric conditions, lowering acid concentration and increasing pH levels. The study suggests the plant's potential as an alternative to proton pump inhibitors for peptic ulcer treatment.
Weill Cornell physician-scientists recognized with ASCI early-career awards
Two Weill Cornell physician-scientists, Dr. Semra Etyemez and Dr. Jesse Platt, have been awarded prestigious early-career awards from the American Society for Clinical Investigation (ASCI) for their outstanding research in obstetrics and gynecology, psychiatry, and gastroenterology. The ASCI recognizes and supports the scientific effor...
Pregnant women with IBD show heightened inflammation in vaginal mucosa
A new study found pregnant individuals with IBD have higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in their vaginal mucosa than healthy controls. However, a higher intake of vegetables and lower added sugars was associated with lower inflammation and increased beneficial microbe Lactobacillus crispatus.
Researchers search for why some people’s gut microbes produce high alcohol levels
A study published in Nature Microbiology identified specific gut microbes and metabolic pathways responsible for producing high levels of alcohol in patients with auto-brewery syndrome. The researchers found that stool samples from patients produced significantly more ethanol than those from unaffected individuals or healthy controls, ...
New expert guidance urges caution before surgery for patients with treatment-resistant constipation
A new update from the American Gastroenterological Association emphasizes careful evaluation before surgery for patients with refractory constipation, which can lead to complications and poor outcomes. The guidance recommends a comprehensive individualized evaluation and suggests non-surgical options before considering surgery.
Clinical trials on AI language model use in digestive healthcare
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials evaluating large language models in digestive diseases found only 14 eligible studies worldwide. Most focused on gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary diseases, with clinical decision-making and patient education being common applications. The authors emphasize the need for high-quality ...
Gut bacteria changes at the earliest stages of inflammatory bowel disease
A new international study found significant changes in gut bacteria at the onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a condition that affects the digestive system. The study reveals a loss of beneficial anaerobic bacteria and an increase in oxygen-tolerant bacteria, which may trigger inflammation.
China’s 2024 Gastroenterology Report: marked progress in endoscopy quality and disease management
The 2024 report shows improved care quality and accessibility across China, with a rise in early gastrointestinal cancer detection and improved colonoscopy quality indicators. Despite progress, regional disparities persist and costly treatments for IBD remain a challenge.
Ursodeoxycholic acid shows unexpected gut FXR agonism in liver FXR-deficient mice
Researchers found UDCA activates ileal FXR signaling, not antagonism, and has sex-specific effects on BA metabolism. In male mice, UDCA reduces steatosis, liver injury markers, and fibrosis, while in females, it increases T-MCAs, potent FXR antagonists.
UT Health San Antonio doctors provide new hope for pancreatic cancer patients
Researchers at UT Health San Antonio successfully used radiofrequency ablation to treat a patient with pancreatic cancer, achieving the first-ever less-invasive procedure in South Texas. The treatment has shown promising results in shrinking tumors and easing symptoms, potentially improving patient outcomes.
NEJM Group launches NEJM Clinician
NEJM Clinician curates highly relevant clinical insights from over 150 peer-reviewed journals to give physicians clear guidance without the noise. The weekly publication delivers summaries and commentary in a concise, 30-minute read, helping healthcare providers stay informed and confident in their decisions.
Lower prevalence of PSC among patients with IBD in Asia: Insights from a multinational study
A multinational study found PSC prevalence among Asian IBD patients to be markedly lower than in Western countries, associated with more favorable clinical outcomes. The proportion of asymptomatic PSC cases has increased due to improved imaging modality detection, allowing for early-stage diagnosis and reduced liver transplantation rates.
Liquid biopsy tool to guide early-stage gastric cancer treatment
Researchers developed a model using DNA methylation biomarkers and CT imaging to predict lymph node metastasis in early-stage gastric cancer patients. The tool helped reduce unnecessary invasive surgeries by up to 44%.
Most Americans view obesity as a chronic disease deserving insurance coverage
A nationwide survey by the American Gastroenterological Association found that nearly two-thirds of Americans recognize obesity as a chronic disease, while over 80% believe insurance should cover its treatment. However, barriers such as high out-of-pocket costs and lack of coverage for procedures or medications hinder access to weight-...
GLP-1 drugs tirzepatide and semaglutide provide protection for heart health
A new study finds that GLP-1 drugs tirzepatide and semaglutide reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, and death from any cause in patients with type 2 diabetes. Both medications provide strong cardioprotective effects and may be integrated into clinical cardiovascular practice.
Research spotlight: Mapping how gut neurons respond to bacteria, parasites and food allergy
A study published in Science reveals that the enteric nervous system (ENS) plays a key role in maintaining gut balance and protecting against harm. Researchers mapped ENS responses to different conditions, including allergies and parasitic infections, using mouse models with fluorescent tagging systems.
Achalasia treatment: a review of per-oral endoscopic myotomy and laparoscopic heller myotomy
POEM offers excellent dysphagia relief in complex cases, while LHM is preferred for patients with hiatal hernias or concerns about PPI use. POEM excels in type III achalasia and redo procedures, while LHM remains the option for patients with reflux risk.
IgNobel ‘Butt Breathing’ idea from 2024 moves closer to real treatment
A new study demonstrates the safety and tolerability of enteral ventilation in a first-in-human trial, using rectal delivery of perfluorocarbon liquid. The researchers aim to improve oxygen levels in patients with blocked airways or severely limited lung function.
C-Path’s Disease Modeling Coalition begins Global Pediatric IBD Work from European Hub
The Critical Path Disease Modeling Coalition (CP-DMC) aims to develop regulatory-grade, quantitative disease progression models for pediatric Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. These models will transform clinical trial data into actionable descriptions of disease trajectories and treatment response.
Changes in gut microbiota influence which patients get AIG-related neuroendocrine tumors
Researchers found that specific bacteria, such as Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Fusobacterium species, are associated with AIG-related neuroendocrine tumors. The study suggests that changes in host metabolism occur before alterations in the gastric microbiota, potentially creating a microenvironment that favors tumor growth.
Microplastics found to change gut microbiome in first human-sample study
Researchers found microplastic exposure changes the human gut microbiome, with some shifts resembling patterns linked to diseases. Microplastic-induced changes in microbial composition may serve as a bacterial stress response, potentially affecting overall well-being.
Artificially sweetened and sugary drinks are both associated with an increased risk of liver disease, study finds
A new study reveals that both sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and low- or non-sugar-sweetened beverages (LNSSBs) are significantly associated with a higher risk of developing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Replacing either beverage with water significantly reduces MASLD risk.
Simple test can predict risk of severe liver disease
A simple blood analysis can predict the risk of developing severe liver disease, enabling earlier detection and potentially improving treatment outcomes. The CORE model, developed by Karolinska Institutet researchers, is based on three routine blood tests and has been shown to be highly accurate in predicting liver disease risk.
Relevant questions regarding magnetic compression anastomosis
Researchers developed MCA to address technical difficulties in esophageal atresia repairs; the technique involves prior approximation of esophageal ends followed by endoscopic delivery of magnets for anastomosis creation. Optimal compression force, surface coating, and tissue preparation are critical factors for successful implementation.
Achalasia treatment: A review of per-oral endoscopic myotomy and laparoscopic heller myotomy
The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in colorectal carcinogenesis, with dysbiosis promoting chronic inflammation and facilitating carcinogenesis. Probiotics, dietary interventions, and microbiome-informed immunotherapy show promise in restoring microbial balance and improving responsiveness to immunotherapy.
No single solution for gastroparesis — patients need personalized care
Gastroparesis affects thousands of people worldwide, causing nausea and quality-of-life disruptions. The new AGA guideline recommends tailored treatment plans based on individual patient needs, using metoclopramide or erythromycin as initial pharmacological therapy.
Soft bioelectronic fiber can track hundreds of biological events simultaneously
Researchers have developed a soft, thread-like implantable biosensor/stimulator called NeuroString that can host hundreds to thousands of independent electronic channels. This breakthrough enables the tracking of various biological events, such as intestinal contractions, neuron activity, and biochemical secretion.
Autistic children more likely to experience persistent stomach problems
A new study published in Autism found that autistic children are more likely to experience ongoing gastrointestinal problems than their typically developing peers. These symptoms can affect sleep, communication, sensory processing and behavior, and often don't have an identified medical cause.
Better understanding of bitter taste receptors: An AlphaFold3-based structure study
Researchers used AlphaFold3 to predict the structure of human bitter taste receptors, achieving higher accuracy than previous models. The study found similarities and differences in the structures of T2Rs, shedding light on their function and potential role in health and pharmaceutical research.
Dr. Gianluca Ianiro wins a prestigious grant from the European Research Council (ERC)
Dr. Gianluca Ianiro has been awarded a €1.5 million ERC Starting Grant to investigate the precision modulation of the gut microbiome in post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome. The project aims to identify key microbial species associated with acute disease and develop novel modulation strategies.
Unveiling the identity of Crohn's disease T cells
Researchers at Osaka University have identified transcription factors RUNX2 and BHLHE40 as crucial for inducing T cells involved in Crohn's disease. Overexpression of these factors promotes inflammatory cytokine production and tissue-retentive properties, making them potential novel therapeutic targets.
New papers reveal how gut-brain interactions shape eating behaviors
Two new papers highlight the importance of multidisciplinary approaches to digestive health and nutrition influenced by life circumstances. Stress can disrupt the brain-gut-microbiome balance, leading to increased craving for high-calorie foods.
Are probiotics worth the cost to prevent infection after a colon removal surgery?
A UCLA Health study found that taking an 8-strain probiotic daily reduces the risk of pouchitis, a common inflammatory condition. However, the treatment's cost-effectiveness depends on the patient's likelihood of flare-ups, with benefits only seen in patients with frequent relapses.