Articles tagged with Endothelial Cells
Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered that targeting the CNP/GC-B signal pathway may provide a promising approach for treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). The study reveals that CNP/GC-B signaling plays a protective role against PAH, and administration of CNP ameliorates experimental pulmonary hypertension.
A mouse study by University of California, Riverside scientists suggests microplastic exposure may accelerate the development of atherosclerosis in males. The study found microplastics dramatically worsened plaque buildup in male mice, but not females.
The study found that 1-year DMEK success rates were high regardless of donor diabetes status. No restrictions on using tissue from donors with diabetes for DMEK are recommended based on the results.
Graz University of Technology and the University of Regensburg are conducting research on the interaction of cell types at the blood-brain barrier, with a particular focus on sex-specific differences in depression. The study aims to identify mechanisms contributing to depression and develop targeted therapies.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine develop a new method to generate functional endothelial cells from adult tissue, potentially enabling vascular grafts and organ transplants. The approach involves using small molecules to trigger cell division without aging or losing function.
Researchers identify PIEZO2-expressing fibroblasts as key drivers of keloid formation and recurrence. These cells sense mechanical pressure, leading to excessive collagen production and scarring. The study's findings hold significant implications for future diagnosis and treatment options.
Researchers use microchips with human tissue to study brain damage caused by sepsis and neurodegenerative diseases, finding that the blood-brain barrier breaks down under stress. The technology also reveals how pericytes support the barrier and may lead to new treatments for preserving or introducing these cells.
Researchers at Medical University of South Carolina develop a new approach to preventing lupus nephritis by improving kidney cell function. Exposure to serum from patients with lupus nephritis causes inflammation, but simultaneous exposure to L-sepiapterin reduces inflammation and enhances nitric oxide production.
Researchers found that telomerase inactivation in immune cells or connective tissue cells slows tumor growth, but creates conditions for aggressiveness. In contrast, endothelial cell preservation suppresses metastasis.
A recent study reveals that lactate-induced mitochondrial calcium uptake 3 aggravates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury by promoting neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. The study found that MICU3-mediated mitochondrial calcium uptake leads to mitophagy and NET activation.
A team of scientists has found that the ion channel PIEZO2 is crucial for coronary vessel formation and heart development. Without PIEZO2, coronary arteries may develop improperly, leading to oxygen supply issues in the heart muscle. This discovery could lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma investigate the overlap between cognitive decline caused by chemotherapy and aging, discovering decreased blood flow, disrupted blood-brain barriers, and senescent cells. Removing these cells with senolytics can improve cerebral blood flow, cognition, and overall brain health.
A recent study published in The American Journal of Pathology has discovered that ADAM10 regulates abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina, which can cause vision loss or impairment. The findings suggest that targeting ADAM10 or its downstream effectors, such as Ephrin B2, may offer novel strategies for managing or preventing retina...
Researchers found that aging increases the brain's vulnerability to low oxygen levels, disrupting the blood-brain barrier and leading to inflammation and cognitive decline. The study identified specific oxygen levels that trigger BBB disruption, with older mice showing increased sensitivity even at mild hypoxic levels.
Researchers have discovered a crucial molecular basis for aortic dissection by linking endothelial dysfunction with immune infiltration. The study reveals that abnormalities in vascular endothelial cells facilitate the accumulation of inflammatory cells, leading to fatal rupture.
A new study found that chronic cannabis use, whether smoked or consumed as edibles, is associated with significant cardiovascular risks. People who regularly used marijuana had reduced blood vessel function comparable to tobacco smokers.
A cross-sectional study found a strong association between chronic cannabis use and endothelial dysfunction. The findings suggest that THC may contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease through distinct mechanisms, similar to tobacco smoking.
Researchers developed a 3D in vitro culture system to study tumor cell behavior, finding that clusters can infiltrate blood vessels by disrupting the endothelial barrier. This discovery suggests new targets for cancer treatment strategies.
Researchers have made significant discoveries about the role of GP38 in viral infections and pathogenesis, highlighting its potential as a target for vaccines and medical countermeasures. Non-neutralizing GP38-specific antibodies have shown protective efficacy against lethal challenge, reducing circulating GP38 and vascular leak.
Researchers have discovered that common anticancer drugs can reduce vascular growth in patients with PTEN Hamartoma Tumour Syndrome, offering new hope for treatment. These findings were made possible by the development of a mouse model and clinical trials using rapamycin and capivasertib inhibitors.
Researchers at UCalgary have discovered a protein called CD2AP that may hold the key to reducing Alzheimer's disease risk. Levels of this protein are lower in patients with AD, and its absence affects memory function, particularly in males. The study suggests a sex-dependent link between vascular system health and brain function.
A comprehensive genomic and epigenomic analysis of ICE syndrome has identified key genes and epigenetic changes associated with the disorder. The study found significant associations between genetic variants and copy number losses in specific genes, as well as promoter hypomethylation leading to epithelioid hyperplasia.
Researchers have found that the unique shape of lymphatic vessel endothelial cells allows for efficient absorption and transport of fluids while withstanding sudden changes in tissue fluid volume. This distinctive cell shape is also seen in plant leaves, where it helps support structural stability.
Researchers from Uppsala University found that lymphatic endothelial cells have a lobate shape due to their capacity to change shape and increase overlap between cells. This shape supports resilience to changes in fluid volume and is also found in plant leaves.
Researchers from UConn School of Medicine reveal a novel pathway in cellular dysfunction contributing to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and ALS. They discovered that endothelial cells, the inner lining of blood vessels, play a critical role in neurodegeneration by disrupting the blood-brain barrier's protection.
Researchers found that Piezo-1 activation in vascular endothelial cells leads to the up-regulation of proteins promoting hepatocyte proliferation and partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. This study provides mechanistic insights into how mechanical stimulation regulates liver regeneration.
Researchers at Wisconsin National Primate Research Center and Morgridge Institute for Research have developed a universal, small-diameter vascular graft using stem cell-derived arterial endothelial cells. The graft overcomes limitations of current clinical options, which include invasive procedures and limited donor availability.
Researchers developed a polygenic risk score that examines genes associated with endothelial cell function to identify individuals with higher cardiovascular disease risk. The study found that individuals with intact endothelial function may have protection, while those with EC dysfunction may be more sensitive to LDL-C concentrations.
Researchers developed reprogrammed vascular endothelial cells that provide strong support for islets, allowing them to survive and reverse diabetes long-term. The study showed that mice transplanted with islet cells plus R-VECs regained normal blood glucose control after 20 weeks.
Researchers discovered that removing arginase-II gene can slow down muscle aging in mice, leading to improved muscle health and reduced inflammation. This finding suggests targeting the Arg-II gene could help maintain muscle strength and mobility in older adults.
Researchers reveal senescence's impact on liver health, from repair and regeneration to chronic disease progression. Emerging therapies, such as senolytic treatments, aim to selectively eliminate senescent cells while preserving healthy tissue.
This study identifies H3K14 lactylation as a crucial regulator of endothelial activation during sepsis-induced ARDS, driving ferroptosis and vascular injury. Inhibition of lactate production alleviated EC activation and improved survival rates in septic mice.
The study reveals that epigenetic mechanisms, particularly DNA methylation, control the development of functioning blood vessels in the mouse placenta. In humans, this process is connected to a deficiency of the methyltransferase enzyme DNMT3A, which can contribute to placental insufficiency and fetal growth retardation.
Endothelial cells lining pulmonary veins contribute to blood vessel repair and angiogenesis after lung injury. The study found that these cells proliferate into the adjacent capillary bed, differentiating into capillary cells, which can help regenerate damaged tissues.
Researchers found that megakaryocyte conditioned media from younger mice was more effective at promoting blood vessel growth and improving healing. The study provides a potential approach for developing new therapies to speed up fracture recovery in older individuals, reducing pain and improving mobility.
Research highlights Nup93's critical role in endothelial cell function and vascular health, with promising findings for new treatments to slow down aging. Low Nup93 levels are associated with inflammation and cellular aging, while restoring its levels can reverse harmful effects.
Researchers developed a dual-function molecule (LXW7)2-SILY to remodel native extracellular matrix at ischemic sites, enhancing endothelial cell adhesion and survival. This approach improved vascularization, blood perfusion, and tissue regeneration in mouse hindlimb ischemia models.
Researchers from Brazil's Center for Research on Redox Processes in Biomedicine found that high blood sugar can cause thrombosis by altering endothelial function and promoting platelet adhesion. They identified a specific molecular mechanism involving protein disulfide isomerase A1 as a key regulator of this process.
BEMOSAIC and MakingBlood projects aim to revolutionize vascular function and blood stem cell production, respectively. The ERC Synergy Grants will support the development of novel therapies for vascular-related pathologies and blood cancer patients.
Researchers at Kumamoto University have achieved a groundbreaking advancement in stem cell biology by reproducing the developmental process of hematopoietic stem cells in vitro. This culture system enhances our understanding of HSC development and has the potential to be instrumental in stem cell therapy and blood disease treatments.
Researchers identified a protein that could improve the cardiovascular health of patients with progeria, a rare genetic disorder. The discovery provides promising insights into potential treatments targeting cardiovascular complications in HGPS.
A team of researchers discovered a protein that blocks bone-forming cells by preventing them from maturing. The study found that the protein CLEC14A reduces bone formation, while its absence leads to increased mineralized bone tissue.
Researchers found that patients who consumed caffeine had better vascular health, as measured through endothelial cells. The study suggests that caffeine may play a role in controlling disease progression and improving cardiovascular health.
A team of researchers has identified the activation of the YAP/TAZ pathway as a major contributor to atherosclerosis in patients with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. This discovery sheds light on the vascular problems faced by HGPS patients and opens up potential new avenues for treatment.
Endomimetics is developing a Bionanomatrix coating to accelerate aneurysm occlusion and minimize thrombus formation in brain aneurysm patients. The coating promotes endothelialization through five synergistic elements, reducing inflammatory responses and platelet adhesion.
Researchers at CNIC have identified endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition as a novel mechanism in premature atherosclerosis in progeria. The study proposes a new therapeutic target for this disease and highlights the importance of investigating rare diseases like progeria.
Researchers will investigate how altered copper metabolism and redox balance contribute to endothelial cell dysfunction, leading to cardiovascular diseases. The five-year project aims to understand the underlying mechanisms of vascular disease and develop effective treatments.
Researchers at the University Hospital Bonn have established a highly efficient and cost-effective way to generate functional endothelial cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) for tests in cell culture dishes. The new method delivers endothelial cells more quickly, requires fewer additives, and is highly reproducible.
Researchers at Ohio State University are exploring the role of caspase 11 in SARS-CoV-2 infection, aiming to prevent inflammation and tissue injury. They will use human cell samples and experimental inhibitors to develop new treatment strategies for long COVID.
A team of researchers has created a molecular atlas of the human brain's vasculature, revealing how endothelial cells regulate interactions between the bloodstream and surrounding tissues. The study provides insights into the growth patterns of blood vessels in early development, adulthood, and disease stages.
A team of researchers has discovered a mechanism by which the liver's immune cells are suppressed in chronic hepatitis B, leading to organ damage. The 'sleep timer' function allows immune cells to weaken their activity over time, preventing them from proliferating excessively and causing further damage.
Scientists have discovered that ADGRF5 helps maintain the integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier, which is critical for filtering waste from the blood. The study found that disrupting ADGRF5 expression led to abnormalities in the glomerular basement membrane and increased albuminuria.
A new study led by Penn State researchers found that daily consumption of beetroot juice may improve blood vessel function and reduce future heart disease risk in postmenopausal women. Beetroot juice contains high levels of nitrate, which helps blood vessels expand and improves circulation.
Researchers at Duke University created an ultrathin silk membrane that helps cells grow into functional tissues used for research, enabling the development of kidney disease models. The new membrane improves communication and growth between cells, mimicking natural human organ structures.
Researchers found that endothelial cells in breast cancer tumors are two times more likely to interact with medicine-carrying nanoparticles than healthy endothelial cells. This discovery could lead to more efficient and targeted delivery of cancer nanomedicines.
Researchers have discovered a protein marker to help identify cells able to repopulate in patients with damaged blood vessels. These cells could form new blood vessels and contribute to the repair of heart tissue after a heart attack.
Researchers from Osaka University found that influenza-associated brain disorders may be caused by the virus entering the brain and producing proteins. Antivirals blocking protein production are unlikely to be effective, but those targeting transcription and translation may offer hope for treatment.
Researchers at MCG's Vascular Biology Center have identified a new treatment target for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness. Targeting the adenosine receptor 2A (Adora2a) may block excessive blood vessel growth and fibrosis, potentially offering a more efficient treatment than current therapies.
Researchers investigate senescence phenotypes of human corneal endothelial cells upon treatment with ultraviolet (UV)-A. Cells exhibit enlarged morphology, increased β-galactosidase activity and decreased proliferation. UV-A-induced senescent cells show similar gene expression profiles to ionizing radiation (IR)-induced cells.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have discovered a way to boost protective effects of sphingolipids in blood vessels, slowing the development and progression of coronary artery disease. The study suggests revising current views on ceramides' role in the disease, instead finding that their levels remain stable in endothelial cells.