Ecological Processes
Articles tagged with Ecological Processes
Light pollution alters food webs along riverbanks
A recent study by Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau found that light pollution significantly alters the composition of predatory spiders' diets, leading to reduced hatching of insects. The invasive signal crayfish also contributes to altered feeding behavior under nighttime lighting.
One whale song unlocks oceans of data
A new study by UNSW researchers shows how a neural network can detect blue whale songs with remarkable accuracy, using only one recording of a blue whale call. The model performed well on real-world recordings, even those that were not part of the training data.
A snapshot of transhumance in Spain: a diverse group of shepherds facing shared challenges
A study on Spanish transhumance identifies three distinct types of systems, aligned with agroecological principles, offering insights into sustainable livestock farming. The findings highlight the need for greater political support and a regulatory framework to protect this ancient practice.
Fungi hold the key to boosting urban soil health with biochar and compost
A new study reveals that combining biochar and compost can restore urban soil health, but only under the right conditions. Fungi play a crucial role in determining success, and their diversity is linked to improvements in soil health.
Beavers must be backed as Stirling study shows biodiversity boost animals bring to wetlands
A new study by the University of Stirling found that beaver-created wetlands had 19% more species than other types of wetland. The research team believes their findings could hint at the scale of past biodiversity loss associated with a lack of beaver-dependent wetlands.
Unlocking longevity insights from ancient bristlecone pine
Researchers sequenced the Great Basin bristlecone pine genome, revealing genes associated with disease resistance and longer telomeres, potentially holding clues for understanding longevity in other species. The study provides a reference genome sequence that can be used to inform modern genetic discovery.
Glacial lakes are growing rapidly in Alaska, and research shows where growth will continue
Research shows glacial lakes in Alaska expanding 50% faster than previously recorded, posing significant hazards and altering ecosystems. The study identifies areas where lakes may form and grow, helping with infrastructure planning and predicting changes to ecosystems, hazards, and recreation.
Diversification of termite diets was made possible by genome modifications
A study analyzing 47 termite species found that genome expansion occurred before the division into wood- and soil-feeders, allowing termites to adapt to various environments. The research provides a comprehensive toolbox for future studies on social behavior, immunity, and ecological adaptations.
Advancing coastal restoration across Europe, the REST-COAST project highlights results on-the-ground during its final meeting
The REST-COAST project presented scientific advances, practical tools, and governance insights developed throughout its lifetime. Researchers explored pathways for upscaling from site-specific demonstrations to broadly adaptable frameworks, linking high-resolution modelling with broader decision-support tools.
Hidden insect diversity in grass shoots threatened by mowing
Researchers identified 255 insect species in perennial grasses, but few in annual grasses, highlighting the importance of unmown refuges for biodiversity
7,000 years of change: How humans reshaped Caribbean coral reef food chains
Researchers used a novel nitrogen isotope method to reconstruct ancient reef food webs, revealing that modern reefs have shorter and less diverse food chains. This loss of functional diversity makes modern coral reefs more prone to collapse, highlighting the need for conservation efforts.
New study on avian malaria finds most of Hawaii’s birds contribute to deadly pathogen’s transmission
A new study reveals that both non-native and native birds play a key role in the transmission of avian malaria, which has contributed to the extinction of over a dozen species of Hawaii's native birds. The disease is transmitted by mosquitoes and infects birds' red blood cells, leading to low blood oxygen levels and damage to organs.
Shrubs curb carbon emissions in China’s largest desert
A 40-year greening project in China's Taklamakan Desert has successfully reduced atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and increased solar-induced fluorescence, indicating a measurable carbon sink. The project demonstrates the potential of afforestation to mitigate climate change, despite being only a small dent in global emissions.
Lowering deer densities can help restore Scotland's lost Highland mountain woodlands, new research shows
A six-year study found dwarf birch trees in blanket bogs survived with higher rates of growth and survival at lower deer densities. The study suggests that lowering deer densities can help restore lost mountain woodlands in the Scottish Highlands.
Wastewater sludge byproduct shows promise and risks for sustainable agriculture
Research shows that a liquid byproduct from wastewater sludge can recycle nutrients for agriculture, but high concentrations of this byproduct may disrupt key ecological processes. The study found that periphyton communities retained ability to remove pollutants even at high exposure levels.
Ant smuggling case highlights legal inconsistencies
A new study by Anglia Ruskin University highlights the need for better legal protection for insects against global trafficking. The researchers argue that insect trafficking is a growing aspect of environmental crime, with potential impacts on ecosystems and biodiversity.
Life on lava: How microbes colonize new habitats
Research reveals that single-celled organisms are among the first to colonize newly formed lava environments, thriving in scarce water and nutrient conditions. As diversity stabilizes over time, rainwater plays a critical role in shaping microbial communities, suggesting an unexpected link between weather phenomena and life on Earth.
FAU Engineering awarded $600,000 FDEP grant to combat harmful algal blooms
Florida Atlantic University's College of Engineering has received a $600,379 grant to advance technology targeting harmful algal blooms in Florida's waterways. The project aims to develop novel 3D-printed adsorbent materials for efficient phosphate removal.
Tiles, leaves and cotton strips for measuring river health
Researchers have developed a practical and affordable method for assessing the state of river ecosystems by using different substrates such as marble tiles, alder leaves, and cotton strips. The study found that these materials can provide valuable information on the condition of rivers and help address pollution.
Forests recovering from acid rain mine rocks for nutrients, leading to less acidic streams and more acid-sensitive soils
A long-term study in the White Mountains of New Hampshire found that recovering forests are using roots to mine minerals for nutrients, leading to improved stream pH but depleted soil fertility. This process enhances mineral weathering, which can make forests more vulnerable to future pollution.
Global study reveals tempo of invasive species‘ impacts
A global meta-analysis of biological invasions found that impacts vary over time and are shaped by ecological contexts. Invasive plants reduce native plant diversity, while abiotic effects weaken after years. The study suggests early action to prevent invasive species' impacts on biodiversity and climate change.
Winners of Applied Microbiology International Horizon Awards 2025 announced
The winners of the Applied Microbiology International Horizon Awards 2025 have been recognized for their groundbreaking contributions to global challenges through applied microbiology. The awards celebrate excellence across various domains, including drug discovery and sustainable agriculture.
Orange rivers signal toxic shift in Arctic wilderness
As Arctic permafrost thaws, geochemical reactions unleash metals like cadmium, harming fish and disrupting ecosystems. The Salmon River's transformation poses indirect threats to Indigenous communities and other species.
International awards for researchers at the Göttingen Campus
Two researchers, Dr Anggi Hapsari and Dr Oliver Barnstedt, have been awarded ERC Starting Grants for their projects on the impact of sea level rise on coastal ecosystems and the neural mechanisms of memory formation in the mammillary body. The grants will fund five-year research projects exploring these topics.
Bacteria that "breathe" rocks and Sulfur
A team of scientists has discovered a new microbial metabolism that removes toxic sulfide and uses iron minerals for growth, coupling the reduction of iron with the oxidation of sulfide. This process, known as MISO, could play a crucial role in regulating nutrient availability and mitigating pollution in aquatic environments.
New study reveals phytoplankton's contribution to centuries-long ocean carbon storage
A recent study published in Nature Communications has made a groundbreaking discovery about the contribution of phytoplankton to the global carbon cycle. Phytoplankton can directly pump stubborn carbon into the ocean, where it may persist for centuries, contradicting decades of conventional scientific wisdom.
Safeguarding desert ecosystems: New book explores Mexico’s fragile arid zones
The book examines biodiversity, ecology, and conservation strategies across Mexico's deserts, focusing on the Baja California Peninsula, Chihuahuan Desert, Sonoran Desert, and Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley. Key findings include the ecological roles of natural products and traditional medicinal plants.
"Scrumping" windfallen fruits and the origin of feasting
Amino acid mutation allows humans to efficiently burn calories from alcohol, enabling scrumping of overripe fruits. This adaptation is linked to contemporary human habits of feasting and sacred rituals, fostering community identity and cohesion.
How plants build the microbiome they need to survive in a tough environment
Researchers discovered plants can select good microbes and suppress harmful ones to thrive in challenging conditions. The concept of functional team selection highlights the importance of microbiome diversity in plant adaptation.
The first “SpongeBooster of the Year” award celebrates efforts in wetland restoration
The SpongeBoost project recognized Planar e.V. for restoring a 1.1 km section of the Diemel River, reconnecting 20 hectares of floodplain and creating habitats for over 65 endangered species. The 'SpongeBooster of the Year' award aims to promote nature-based solutions and cost-effective restoration methods throughout the European Union.
The first “SpongeBooster of the Year” award celebrates efforts in wetland restoration
The SpongeBoost project recognizes Planar e.V.'s efforts to restore a 1.1 km section of the Diemel River, reconnecting approximately 20 hectares of floodplain and creating habitats for over 65 species. The award highlights nature-based solutions as effective tools for addressing climate and biodiversity crises.
Study finds early signs of widespread coastal marsh decline
Researchers developed a model to detect early signs of marsh decline using satellite observations, identifying vulnerable areas along Georgia's coast. The study found belowground biomass has declined across 72% of Georgia's coastal marsh since 2014.
Same ecosystem, different fix
A new study by the University of Göttingen and Freie Universität Berlin found that Mediterranean-type regions require tailored restoration methods due to varying soil and climate conditions. The research suggests that compromises are often needed, and what works best depends on local goals and conditions.
When, where and how wet is the forest?
A study by Göttingen University researchers combined satellite data with manual measurements to better understand forest soil moisture. The findings show that soil moisture is strongly influenced by weather and season, not exact location, and highlight the importance of monitoring soil moisture over time for effective forest management.
Poop news: How does digestion affect molecular analysis of owl pellets?
A study published in Ecology and Evolution found that the digestion process of birds of prey, such as owls and hawks, can significantly impact the ratios of isotopes in their pellets and droppings. This means that previous studies relying on these samples may have inaccurate results when trying to determine an animal's diet or environm...
Is the ocean getting darker?
The global ocean has experienced a significant reduction in the depth of its photic zones, home to 90% of all marine life, leading to widespread ocean darkening. This change could have profound implications for the planet's marine species and ecosystem services.
Something's fishy here
A Kyoto University study reveals that seasonal timing of terrestrial invertebrate resource subsidies can mediate life-history variation in wild organisms. The researchers found that early subsidies led to the highest life-history variation, while later or no subsidies resulted in lower variation.
To restore your gut health, a healthy diet matters most
A new study published in Nature reveals that maintaining a healthy diet is the most effective way to rebuild a depleted gut microbiome, outperforming fecal transplants. The research shows that a Western-style diet can severely impact the microbiome's ability to defend against pathogens.
Replanted rainforests may benefit from termite transplants
A new study suggests that termites can be slow to recover in regenerating forests, hindering growth and health. Scientists propose transplanting deadwood logs or termite mounds into replanted rainforests to boost decomposer abundance and diversity.
Hard-to-avoid emissions: Limited potential for marine carbon dioxide removal in Germany’s seas
A new study finds that ocean-based carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and storage in German waters is feasible but with limitations, such as local marine conditions and required materials, energy, and infrastructure. Only five methods were shortlisted for implementation in German North Sea and Baltic waters.
Animal energy usage made visible through video
Researchers from OIST and Hebrew University developed a novel method to measure energy usage during movement using video and 3D-tracking via deep learning. This innovative approach expands the study of movement energy in ecology, physiology, and beyond, enabling the accurate measurement of energy consumption in smaller animal species.
BioOne presents 2025 Ambassador Award to five early-career researchers
The 2025 BioOne Ambassador Award recognizes exceptional early-career researchers who are advancing public understanding of science through effective communication. The award highlights their outstanding research and commitment to sharing their work with a broader audience.
Toxic blooms in motion: Researchers map algae patterns in Lake Okeechobee
A new study maps the daily movement of cyanobacteria in Florida's largest freshwater lake, revealing how these harmful algal blooms form and behave. The research provides critical insights into managing the risks associated with cyanobacteria blooms.
Amazon research tackles £50 million parasite devastating fish farmers around the world
A mysterious parasite is devastating fish farms globally, causing £50 million in losses annually. Researchers have discovered a new gene regulation process that could lead to the development of gene-based vaccines.
Preserving and using the deep sea: scientists call for more knowledge to enable sustainable management
The deep sea accounts for 90% of ocean volume and hosts diverse ecosystems. However, human activities like mining and climate change threaten these areas. Scientists emphasize the need for major investment in deep-sea research to address knowledge gaps and inform sustainable management strategies.
With new database researchers may be able to predict rare milky seas bioluminescent, glowing event
A new database of 400 years of sightings compiled by researchers at Colorado State University may help anticipate when and where milky seas will occur. The archive includes eyewitness reports, satellite data, and individual accounts submitted to the Marine Observer Journal.
Life recovered rapidly at site of dino-killing asteroid. A hydrothermal system may have helped.
A study found that a hydrothermal system created by an asteroid impact helped marine life flourish in the Gulf of Mexico for at least 700,000 years. The system generated and circulated nutrients, supporting high-nutrient environments that favored certain types of plankton.
Alcohol makes male flies sexy
A study found that alcohol consumption boosts the production of sex pheromones in male fruit flies, increasing their attractiveness to females and mating success. This effect is mediated by three neural circuits that balance attraction and aversion to avoid intoxication.
Pinning down the process of West Nile virus transmission
A project aims to understand how temperature, light pollution, and bird abundance affect West Nile virus transmission in mosquitoes. The goal is to advise health departments on the best time to kill bugs and limit transmission.
Research advances in oceanic mesoscale eddies
Recent technological advancements have expanded understanding of oceanic mesoscale eddies, regulating ocean energy distribution and material transport processes. The researchers identified four potential hotspots for future research, including eddy stability and air-sea interactions.
Sexism in the City traces history of forgotten pioneers
A new book by Lancaster University historian James Taylor highlights the lives of pioneering female stockbrokers who challenged societal beliefs about women and money. The study reveals how these women fought against exclusion and ultimately won the right to join the London Stock Exchange in 1973.
New carbon-negative material could make concrete and cement more sustainable
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new carbon-negative building material that can be used to manufacture concrete, cement, plaster, and paint. By converting CO2 into solid, durable materials using electricity and seawater, the material not only stores CO2 but also produces clean hydrogen gas.
Stormy rains in the Sahara offer clues to past and future climate changes
Research reveals Atlantic Ocean storms are primary drivers of Sahara lake filling, contradicting previous theories. Heavy precipitation events triggered by extreme rainstorms reshape water availability in the desert, with implications for ecosystems and human settlements.
New frontiers in recycling waste vegetable oil: A research project for the circular economy
A research project from Politecnico di Milano proposes a novel method to recycle used vegetable oil into valuable resources like bio-lubricants and air purification devices. The project optimizes waste treatment processes while reducing waste and promoting European independence in critical raw material supply.
Without oxygen: How primordial microbes breathed
Ancient bacteria can respire carbon dioxide and hydrogen into acetic acid to produce ATP. A new mechanism involving sodium ions is activated when acetic acid is produced, driving a molecular turbine that generates energy.
Advances in regional-scale crop growth and associated process models
The study categorizes CROP-AP models into four key types, highlighting five major applications in agricultural productivity simulation. Future research priorities focus on strengthening model validation and simulating multi-scale interactions to support sustainable global food production.
The war in Ukraine led to the destruction of almost 1,600 square kilometers of forests
The research analyzed satellite images and machine learning to detect forest loss in Ukraine during the war. The study found that Ukraine lost over 800 km² of forests in 2022 and 772 km² in 2023, mainly due to fires in war-torn regions.
Satellite image analysis delivers new insight into the functional diversity of tropical forests
Researchers analyzed satellite data from the Sentinel-2 satellites to predict variations in tree traits and map functional diversity. They found significant differences in forest function across continents, with American tropical forests showing greater functional richness than African and Asian forests.
The yucca and the moth: How extreme weather impacts the timing of biological events
A new study suggests that extreme weather events are crucial to understanding phenological responses in plants and insects. The research found that disruptions to the delicate relationships between certain species, such as the yucca plant and yucca moth, can have significant consequences for survival.