Research on inflammation and its role in disease. Covers eye inflammation, personalized anti-inflammatory medicine, aging, and chronic pain links.
CVID patients with enteropathy exhibit more mucosal immunodeficiency and are at risk for gut infection leading to intestinal inflammation. A novel computational approach identified Acinetobacter baumannii as a main microbe responsible for CVID enteropathy.
Researchers are exploring ways to prevent secondary cataracts, a condition that occurs when scar tissue forms in the eye after surgery. Melinda Duncan's team has made several discoveries, including molecules critical for forming PCO scar tissue, and is working on a drug to block this potentially blinding condition.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison identified a fatty acid called butyrate as the mechanism behind certain protective effects of a high-fiber diet. Mice with Roseburia bacteria and a high-fiber diet had reduced inflammation and atherosclerosis.
A recent trial found that low-dose methotrexate did not lower cardiovascular event rates in patients at high risk for heart disease and stroke. The study, which included over 4,700 participants, showed no significant reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events compared to placebo.
A study published in Psychosomatic Medicine found that recent bereavement is associated with increased levels of inflammation and cardiovascular illness risk. Sleep disturbances exacerbated the negative effects of grief, highlighting the importance of addressing sleep issues in post-loss health interventions.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found inflammation in the brain region responsible for mood regulation after stress during pregnancy. The study used an animal model of postpartum depression to examine the possible connection between the immune system and the disorder.
A Northwestern University study found that inflammation can disrupt the body's natural sleep-wake cycle, leading to circadian sleep disorders. The research used a genetic switch to turn inflammation on and off in mice, revealing a link between inflammatory diseases and the body's clock.
A recent study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that oral curcumin did not reduce inflammation or improve outcomes in patients undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. In fact, the study showed an increased risk of post-surgical kidney damage in patients taking curcumin.
Researchers used human organ-on-a-chip technology to investigate the mechanism of disease development and found that probiotics can cause more harm than good when the gut barrier is compromised. The study confirms that intestinal barrier disruption is the onset initiator of gut inflammation, a key factor in many diseases.
A study from Rice University found that grief can cause inflammation leading to negative health outcomes such as cardiovascular problems and premature mortality. Researchers discovered that widows and widowers with elevated grief symptoms suffered higher levels of bodily inflammation.
A new study identifies Th17 cells as drivers of periodontitis, a common disorder affecting nearly half of American adults over age 30. The research found that an unhealthy oral microbiome triggers the accumulation of these immune cells, leading to inflammation and bone loss.
Researchers at Duke University discovered a minimally invasive treatment using vagus nerve stimulation to reduce brain inflammation and cognitive decline after surgery. The study showed improved cognitive outcomes and reduced brain inflammation in mice with inflammation.
A new study by Penn State researchers found that childhood exposure to allergens can lead to persistent lung inflammation, which may contribute to the development of anxiety later in life. The study also found that episodes of labored breathing were associated with short-term anxiety.
Researchers found that NLRP12 promotes healthy gut bacteria, which produce butyrate and propionate, protecting against obesity and insulin resistance. The study suggests a potential therapeutic target for treating obesity and diabetes.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine discovered that ubiquitination influences GPCR function and promotes inflammation. Existing cancer drugs targeting enzymes involved in ubiquitination may be repurposed to treat vascular inflammation.
A study found that inhibiting atypical protein kinase C reduces increased vessel permeability and blocks inflammation, potentially helping protect vision in patients with eye diseases. The therapy has therapeutic potential for diabetic retinopathy, uveitis, and retinal vein and artery occlusions.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have identified a previously unknown astrocyte subpopulation that plays a key role in driving brain inflammation. The newly discovered 'ieAstrocytes' are activated early in neuroinflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.
A large-scale study found that diclofenac, a common painkiller, is associated with an increased risk of major cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke. The study suggests that diclofenac should not be available over the counter and when prescribed, should come with a warning about its potential risks.
Researchers have identified the genetic mechanisms underlying preterm labor by studying the Nodal gene. Variations of the gene and inflammation are associated with an increased risk of premature delivery.
Researchers developed a novel imaging biomarker to quantify coronary artery inflammation, capturing changes in perivascular fat on CT angiography. This biomarker is associated with increased rates of death from any cause and cardiac causes.
Researchers at Ohio State University found a strong link between hostility in marriages and the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, leading to inflammation. Lifestyle changes such as healthy diets and probiotics may help mitigate this effect.
Advanced inflamed vascular plaques associated with progressive liver disease, supporting systemic effects of chronic unresolved inflammation. Researchers test oral delivery of omega-3 fatty acids to treat inflammation without unwanted side effects.
Researchers have successfully reversed hair loss and skin inflammation in mice fed a Western diet high in fat and cholesterol. The experimental compound D-PDMP halts the production of glycosphingolipids, which are major components of skin and cell membranes.
Researchers found the portfolio diet reduces LDL cholesterol by 30%, as well as blood pressure, triglycerides, and inflammation, with a combined effect of 13% lower risk for coronary heart disease. The diet's four main components include nuts, plant protein, viscous soluble fibre, and plant sterols.
Researchers discovered altered intestinal phage communities in mice with colitis, which overlapped with healthy human phages, suggesting a potential role in IBD. The study also found specific phages linked to disease-causing bacteria, highlighting the need for further investigation into viral contributions to inflammatory diseases.
New research explains how obesity leads to harmful inflammation, causing diabetes and other health problems. The study identifies two ways to combat this inflammation: blocking harmful oxidized lipids or promoting beneficial phospholipids.
A new method tracks mechanisms causing nerve cell damage in the heart, a previously unappreciated area affected by Parkinson's disease. The research has implications for testing therapies and exploring causes of fatigue, fainting, and falling.
A new study found that the quality of LDL particles is a significant cardiovascular risk factor, with aggregation-prone LDL linked to increased risk of death. Improvements in LDL quality have been shown to be possible through cholesterol-lowering medication or healthy diet, offering new hope for cardiovascular disease prevention.
A randomized, controlled trial found that supplemental antioxidants decreased the risk of time to first exacerbation requiring antibiotics in patients with CF. The study also showed increased circulating antioxidant concentrations and transiently decreased inflammation in the antioxidant-treated group.
Researchers found that mice lacking the melanocortin 4 receptor exhibit increased attraction to environments associated with inflammation, nausea, or discomfort. This suggests a link between this receptor and the regulation of negative emotions.
A Loyola Medicine study found lax, rubbery eyelids in 53% of sleep apnea patients, associated with the most severe cases. Sleep apnea affects an estimated 34% of men and 17% of women, but up to 80% remain undiagnosed.
A new approach for treating liver cirrhosis has been found with aleglitazar, which reduces inflammation and portal hypertension in rats with cirrhosis. Aleglitazar suppresses inflammation, vasoconstriction, angiogenesis, and tumor necrosis factor overproduction in cirrhotic rats.
A new study found that rheumatoid arthritis inflammation alters brain connectivity and structure, contributing to cognitive symptoms. Higher levels of peripheral inflammation were associated with changes in the inferior parietal lobule and medial prefrontal cortex.
Researchers at Michigan State University discovered a link between intestinal inflammation, irritable bowel syndrome, and communication between sensory neurons and enteric glia. The study found that specific molecular changes spark discomfort before symptoms appear.
Researchers discovered how bronchiectasis impairs immune cells, leading to repeated lung infections. Treatments targeting these cells could reduce chest infections and improve quality of life.
A new study suggests that eating mangos may be more effective than taking a comparable amount of fiber in relieving constipation. The research found that mango polyphenols helped improve gut health by reducing markers of inflammation and changing the microbiome.
Researchers discovered a naturally occurring antibody that binds to oxidized phospholipids, blocking inflammation and preventing arterial plaque formation. The antibody protected mice from atherosclerosis, aortic stenosis, hepatic steatosis, and prolonged their lives.
A study has found that circadian rhythms influence atherosclerosis, a condition leading to heart attacks and strokes. The researchers identified the molecular mechanism controlling rhythmic arterial leukocyte migration and developed a targeted therapy to stop its recruitment in atherosclerotic areas.
Researchers found that triclosan causes colon inflammation and worsens colon cancer in mice, raising concerns about its safety for human consumption. The study suggests that individuals with inflammatory bowel disease or colon cancer may be more vulnerable to the chemical's adverse effects.
Weizmann Institute of Science researchers found a natural defense mechanism that prompts the body to alleviate intestinal inflammation. Boosting signals in certain cells, such as those making up the inner lining of the gut, may help treat inflammatory bowel diseases and potentially even colon cancer.
A new mouse study suggests that the widely used antimicrobial ingredient triclosan may have adverse effects on colonic inflammation and colon cancer. Researchers found that triclosan altered gut microbiota, increased inflammation, and spurred disease development in mice.
A Penn-led trial found that adalimumab, marketed as Humira, did not improve aortic vascular inflammation in psoriasis patients, but reduced markers of systemic inflammation and mild impairment in HDL function. The study suggests the drug may have cardiovascular benefits despite this finding.
Dr. Giorgio Trinchieri is recognized for his pioneering contributions to cytokine biology, including the discovery of interleukin-12 and its role in inflammation and immunity. His work has led to significant breakthroughs in understanding and treating cancer, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune disorders.
Researchers discovered six cytokine signatures associated with Type 2 diabetes risk in vulnerable African American women. These biomarkers could help personalize disease risk profiles for clinical decision making.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine's Kellogg Eye Center report cases of uveal effusions and eye inflammation caused by immunotherapy treatments. Ophthalmologists emphasize the importance of referring patients with eye problems to an ophthalmologist, while oncologists should ask about medications that may be causing symptoms.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have identified a new molecular mechanism explaining the link between obesity and increased risk of colon inflammation, a major risk factor for colorectal cancer. Inhibiting an enzyme called soluble epoxide hydrolase may abolish this risk, suggesting a potential treatment for obesity-induced colonic inflamm...
Researchers found that walking the course provides significantly higher health benefits and is not associated with increased pain or inflammation. Golfing while riding a cart still offers cardiovascular benefits, but walking is the superior option.
Researchers found improved measures of cardiovascular health, beneficial changes in fat tissue, and reduced risk of diabetes in obese women with PCOS who used a hot tub regularly. Heat therapy may reverse some of the inflammation in fat that causes metabolic health impairment.
A recent Mount Sinai study reveals individuals with IBD have a 28% higher risk of developing Parkinson's disease; treated patients show significant reduction in risk after anti-TNFα therapy. The study suggests exploring anti-TNFα to prevent Parkinson's disease in high-risk individuals.
An experimental compound appears to improve stroke outcomes by reducing lingering inflammation, leading to better memory and movement in its aftermath. The compound, known as compound 21, stimulates the angiotensin type 2 receptor, which aids blood vessel dilation, minimizes cell death, and reduces inflammation.
A recent study published in JCI Insight found that gut bacteria can contribute to the development of osteoarthritis in obese individuals. The researchers discovered that a high-fat diet altered the gut microbiome, leading to inflammation and joint deterioration. However, supplementing the diet with a common prebiotic oligofructose reve...
Researchers at the University of Münster have developed a new method to study inflammatory cells in mice, allowing for genetic modification, multiplication, and visualization in living organisms. This approach reduces the number of animal experiments needed.
Dr. Charles N. Serhan received the ASIP 2018 Rous-Whipple Award for his work on molecular and cellular basis of inflammation and its resolution, recognizing his discovery of endogenous anti-inflammatory mediators that activate anti-microbial defense mechanisms.
Research reveals inflammatory airway disease (IAD) is common among racehorses, even those without respiratory signs. The study of 95 deceased racehorses found most had some degree of IAD, suggesting all horses may be exposed to inflammation.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have discovered a potential 'off-switch' for inflammation by identifying the molecule itaconate, which can block production of inflammatory factors and protect against lethal inflammation. This breakthrough could lead to new anti-inflammatory medicines for diseases such as arthritis and heart disease.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have found that an anti-inflammatory drug, Kineret, significantly reduces levels of inflammation in patients with ischemic strokes. The study, funded by the Stroke Association, shows promise for fast and effective treatment of stroke, but further trials are needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Research investigates the link between chronic periodontitis and age-related macular degeneration, finding a common oral pathobiont, Porphyromonas gingivalis, that can invade human retinal-pigment epithelial cells. The study reveals significant molecular links between CP and AMD.
Researchers found that a liver enzyme increases abdominal fat inflammation in obese mice, leading to insulin resistance. Soothing this inflammation improves insulin sensitivity without affecting weight.
A University at Buffalo study found that the absence of protein tristetraprolin (TTP) leads to rapid bone loss in mice, with oral bone loss increasing by nearly 20% over nine months. Overexpressing TTP reduced bone turnover by 13%. The research has implications for managing bone health in the elderly.
Researchers at UC Davis Health have identified a new molecular target, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), that plays a major role in inflammation and airway obstruction associated with asthma. Targeting VEGFA may lead to new treatments.