Articles tagged with Inflammation
Researchers found that nicotine activates neutrophils, leading to the release of inflammatory molecules and increased inflammation throughout the body. This discovery has implications for tobacco-related diseases and may suggest alternative forms of nicotine inhalation have detrimental effects.
A new study reveals that a protein in wheat triggers inflammation in tissues beyond the gut, contributing to the development of chronic health conditions. The consumption of ATIs may worsen symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and non-coeliac gluten sensitivity.
The Pitt Urology Department has been awarded $7.7 million to investigate BPH and LUTS, aiming to develop novel preventative and therapeutic approaches. The center will focus on inflammation involved in these conditions.
New research challenges the use of ice baths after exercise, suggesting they may not reduce inflammation in muscles. The study found no significant benefit from cold water immersion on muscle inflammation compared to active recovery.
A new study has found that adalimumab (Humira) is an effective, non-steroid alternative for treating eye inflammation in patients with non-infectious uveitis. The medication targets a protein that promotes inflammation, delaying treatment failure and reducing symptoms.
Researchers at Harvard University have developed syringe-injectable mesh electronics that stably record neural activity in mice for eight months or more, opening up new possibilities for studying neuro-degenerative diseases and aging processes. The technology also enables the delivery of electrical stimulation to the brain over three m...
Researchers found that certain essential oil compounds reduce inflammation in human cells damaged by fine particle air pollutants. The compounds, including trans-anethole and eugenol, decreased cytokine levels by up to 96%.
Macrophages have been shown to play a crucial role in enthesitis, inflammation of tendons. Researchers found that blocking JAK inhibitors can prevent the increase of STAT1 and successfully treat Achilles enthesitis. This discovery may offer new treatment options for patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
A new study reveals how immune cells access specific genes to fight inflammation and infections, using the cellular snowplow mechanism. The researchers found that nucleosome remodelers clear away blizzards of nucleosomes, allowing genes to be expressed.
Research identifies ACMSD enzyme as key player in regulating inflammation and its byproducts, which may contribute to depression and suicidal tendencies. The study found reduced activity of the enzyme in patients who have attempted suicide, suggesting a potential biomarker for identifying individuals at risk.
A Georgia State University researcher is investigating how changes in intestinal bacteria may lead to obesity and metabolic syndrome. He aims to understand the role of dietary fiber in altering gut bacteria and promoting inflammation.
Researchers identified a gene driving scarring in conjunctival tissue, linked to mucous membrane pemphigoid, a common cause of blinding conjunctivitis. Disulfiram treatment effectively reduced inflammation and prevented scarring in mouse models and human cells.
Researchers found that consuming five or more servings of nuts per week lowered biomarkers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein and interleukin 6. Substituting nuts for red meat also reduced inflammatory biomarkers. The study suggests a possible mechanism by which nuts may benefit cardiometabolic health.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center found that resveratrol reduces neuronal inflammation and slows cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients. The study shows that resveratrol activates proteins to decrease matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels, maintaining the blood-brain barrier.
Researchers found that carnosol and carnosic acid inhibit two enzymes involved in inflammation, fever, and pain. These natural products are considered potential alternatives to classical anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs with well-documented side effects.
Researchers discovered gut bacteria in the deepest reaches of failing lungs, which was previously thought to be an impossible environment for them. The more severe critical illness, the more gut bugs outnumbered usual lung bacteria.
A new study from Rice University found that patients' self-rated health is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality, even stronger than blood tests and measurements. The researchers linked low self-rated health to high levels of herpesvirus activity and inflammation, which are associated with poor cellular immunity and disease.
Research finds duodenum-jejunum gastric bypass surgery alters gut microorganisms, leading to improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, resulting in diabetes remission. Bypass surgery also reduces inflammation in liver and fat tissue without directly affecting brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) expression.
Researchers at Aarhus University discovered how simvastatin reduces inflammation in chronic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. The study found that simvastatin acts as a 'plug' in proteins retaining immune cells, reducing inflammation and improving symptoms.
Research from UC Davis Health System found that premenstrual mood changes, abdominal cramps, and breast pain are linked to inflammation, while headache is not. The study suggests that hormonal factors play a role in the onset of symptoms and may require tailored treatments.
Scientists discovered that itaconate, a natural substance produced by macrophages, acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. It reduces the activity of immune cells and may be used to treat pathologies caused by excessive inflammation or oxidative stress.
Johns Hopkins researchers discovered a root cause of lung damage in up to 10% of premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis, a disorder that damages the intestine. A potential treatment, a sugar-like compound similar to breast milk, was successfully tested in mice and may one day be offered to human infants.
A study found moderate-to-severe gingivitis to be common in pregnant women, particularly among younger mothers. Regular dental care is crucial for maintaining oral health during pregnancy, as gestational age and maternal age were significant factors in gingival bleeding.
An international team has identified interactions between immune system pathways that could improve the treatment of diseases such as colitis. The discovery may lead to more effective treatments for millions of IBD sufferers by targeting both adaptive and innate immune systems.
Researchers found that microRNA-181b targets Card10, a protein that helps activate inflammation. In preclinical studies, the delivery of miR-181b reduced blood clot formation and prolonged time to artery blockage by up to 1.6 fold.
Researchers found that DNASE1L3 prevents lupus by breaking down DNA, which triggers immune cells to produce antibodies that cause inflammation. A new mechanism for biologic therapies has been discovered.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found a link between rising eosinophil levels and regrowth of nasal polyps in chronic sinus disease patients. The study suggests that monitoring eosinophils could aid in detecting early growth and tracking treatment effectiveness.
Scientists from Gladstone Institutes identified salicylic acid's cancer-fighting properties by inhibiting epigenetic regulators p300 and CBP. Salicylic acid suppresses inflammation and cell growth, offering new clinical possibilities for drugs like aspirin and diflunisal.
A study found that antiretroviral therapy alone is not enough to reduce HIV-associated arterial inflammation, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Additional immune-system-modulatory approaches are needed to address this issue.
Research at Osaka University reveals Lypd8's role in preventing intestinal bacteria invasion, shedding new light on ulcerative colitis pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets. The study found that Lypd8 decreases in patients with ulcerative colitis, leading to increased susceptibility to inflammation.
Research found that high arginine levels support metabolic pathways that reduce airway inflammation in asthma. Elevated arginine metabolism in human cells and mice improved mitochondrial function to offset inflammation.
Researchers at KARBio LLC and Genentech Inc. discovered that targeting human CRTh2 (hCRTh2) depletes immune cells implicated in asthma-associated inflammation, reducing cytokine production and lung inflammation in asthmatic mice. The study's findings support further exploration of hCRTh2 as a therapeutic target for asthma treatment.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital found that dietary tryptophan can limit brain inflammation in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. In human patients, decreased levels of these molecules were observed, hinting at a possible link between gut flora and neurodegeneration.
Research suggests that salt-inducible kinases may have therapeutic potential for autoimmune diseases. By inhibiting these enzymes, scientists were able to limit the production of inflammatory molecules by certain types of human immune cells, increasing levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 and reducing proinflammatory cytokines.
New research suggests that even small amounts of air pollution may have long-term health effects on the developing fetus, increasing the risk of premature birth and lifelong neurological and respiratory disorders. The study found biological evidence of intrauterine inflammation in pregnant women exposed to high levels of air pollution.
Dr. Harissios Vliagoftis has been appointed as the GSK-CIHR Chair in Airway Inflammation, focusing on protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) research to help patients with asthma breathe easier. His work aims to develop biomarkers and treatments that can minimize discomfort and side effects.
Researchers found that SHARPIN protein inhibits caspase 1 activation, which is linked to sepsis. Treatment with a caspase 1 inhibitor reversed effects in mice and showed promise in human patients.
Losmapimod, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, failed to show cardiovascular benefits in patients hospitalized with acute MI. The trial found no reduction in recurrent major adverse cardiovascular events or all-cause mortality among patients treated with losmapimod compared to placebo.
Rice University bioengineer Jeffrey Tabor has developed next-generation sensors using bacterial two-component systems to probe the gut for early signs of inflammation. The technology aims to revolutionize diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
A recent study of nearly 3,000 patients found that elevated levels of glycoprotein acetylation (GlycA) offset the benefits of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in preventing heart disease. Inflammation of artery walls is a contributing factor to heart attacks and strokes.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have identified the role of natural killer cells in abdominal fat inflammation and insulin resistance. By modulating NK cell activity, they found that inflammation in abdominal fat is suppressed and insulin resistance improves.
Two unique enzymes, AIG1 and ADTRP, have been discovered that play a role in metabolism and inflammation, potentially targeting type 2 diabetes and inflammatory disorders. The enzymes are moderately inhibited by lipase inhibitors, suggesting they may be used to boost FAHFAs, which normalize glucose levels and reduce inflammation.
Researchers found a link between stress center activity in the brain and arterial inflammation, increasing cardiovascular event risk. High stress levels were associated with more inflammation and a higher risk of heart attack, stroke, and death.
Researchers discovered that prooxidants can repair a metabolic flaw in T cells that drive rheumatoid arthritis. Treating arthritic mice with ROS-inducing drugs restored the T cells' redox balance and reduced joint inflammation.
Researchers found that difficult patients distract doctors from processing clinical information correctly, leading to higher misdiagnosis rates. The study showed that even with more time spent on diagnosis, doctors were still more likely to misdiagnose difficult patients than neutral ones.
A study found that subcutaneous insulin infusion does not prevent oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver, despite reducing glycemic variability. The therapy also failed to preserve balance of anti- and pro-oxidant species.
Macrophages produce excess inflammatory cytokine IL-1beta when damaged mitochondria release signals; p62 coats damaged mitochondria, ensuring removal. This prevents chronic inflammation and potentially age-related diseases.
A recent study suggests that immunotherapy can improve cognitive ability in patients with schizophrenia by suppressing inflammation. The study found significant improvements in cognitive function after just two doses of an immune-suppressing drug, tocilizumab.
Researchers found that ceria nanoparticles can reduce inflammation in the brain following a bleeding stroke by decreasing the secretion of inflammatory chemicals. In a lab experiment, macrophages treated with ceria nanoparticles showed less damage and water accumulation at the stroke site compared to untreated cells.
Researchers found that aerobic fitness protected against metabolic dysfunction in the liver, reducing inflammation and fatty deposits. Chronic alcohol ingestion did not cause significant changes in blood insulin or glucose levels, contrary to expectations.
A study of over 287,000 patients found that African-American patients with connective tissue diseases like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis were twice as likely to develop narrowed or atherosclerotic blood vessels. Young African-Americans with CTD also had a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks and strokes.
Researchers at NIH/NIEHS discovered that increasing tristetraprolin (TTP) levels in mice significantly reduced or protected against inflammation. TTP may offer an effective treatment for inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and multiple sclerosis.
A study published in Genes & Development found that inhibiting the MLL1 enzyme prevents age-related inflammation and cancer. Researchers discovered that MLL1 is critical for regulating gene expression and is commonly mutated in human cancers, leading to increased inflammation and tissue degeneration.
Dasatinib, a cancer treatment, reduces inflammation and improves lung mechanics in mice with allergic asthma. The drug targets tyrosine kinases involved in asthma's signaling pathways.
Researchers have found a link between the chickenpox and shingles vaccine and corneal inflammation in rare instances. Primary care physicians should discuss this potential side effect with susceptible patients before vaccination.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh have identified a chemical compound that blocks KMO, fueling inflammation linked to acute pancreatitis. The approach calms inflammation in the condition and protects against organ failure, offering hope for patients with life-threatening complications.
The study found that microglia, the brain's immune system, rapidly repair damage to the blood-brain barrier after breaches. This process could be impaired by certain cardiovascular drugs intended to prevent stroke-related damage.
Scientists at Augusta University found that YAP helps control astrocyte function, regulating the protective blood-brain barrier. Without YAP, astrocytes become hyper-reactive, leading to deadly inflammation and potential hydrocephalus.
Researchers at Oxford University are exploring the link between metabolism and inflammation in metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The projects aim to deliver effective treatments and prevention strategies, addressing a global health problem affecting over 400 million people worldwide.
A rapid molecular assay using RNA biomarkers in blood can differentiate sepsis from infection-negative systemic inflammation more accurately and quickly than traditional methods. The assay, known as SeptiCyte Lab, was validated in independent cohorts and showed high sensitivity and specificity.