Articles tagged with Scars
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers discovered that lipid deposition on medical implant surfaces can signal to the immune system whether to attack or ignore the implant. This knowledge could help develop biomaterials that deflect host immune aggression, reducing malfunction rates for devices like pacemakers and surgical mesh.
Scientists have discovered compounds that target the circadian clock and collagen synthesis to improve scar healing. These compounds, which include Dwn1 and Dwn2, modulate cell migration and collagen synthesis without damaging fibroblasts, leading to faster healing times and reduced scarring.
A new study finds that andiroba oil accelerates wound healing, increases contraction rates, and promotes local re-epithelialization. The oil also presents a similar potential to low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in treating oral mucositis, a common side effect of chemotherapy.
A study involving three volunteers found that skin scars treated with hair follicle transplants exhibited profound architectural and genetic shifts towards healthy, uninjured skin. The findings suggest the potential for new therapies to rejuvenate mature scars and restore organ function.
A new study suggests that chronic dysentery is unlikely to have been the cause of Edward the Black Prince's death. Instead, experts point to alternative causes such as malaria, inflammatory bowel disease, and brucellosis, which could have contributed to his fluctuating illness.
A recent study published in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that complete alcohol abstinence significantly reduces complications of liver cirrhosis and increases lifespan in patients with pronounced portal hypertension. Regular medical check-ups are crucial for those affected.
A study published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery found that well-healed facial scars generally do not negatively impact perceptions of attractiveness or confidence, but may even increase perceived friendliness. The researchers designed an online survey to test the core tenets of facial scar design and found some subtle interacti...
Researchers at UVA Cancer Center have identified interleukin-1 as a crucial contributor to the development of myelofibrosis, a potentially deadly bone marrow cancer. Targeting this cytokine could prevent myelofibrosis from progressing and spare bone marrow scarring.
Researchers at UVA Children's will use a sophisticated computer model to better understand and treat Crohn's disease, which can have lifelong consequences for young patients. The team hopes to identify biological markers or metabolic signatures that can be used for early diagnosis and personalized medicine.
A new automated screening tool can accurately identify patients at high risk of developing progressive scarring of the lungs, a condition called idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The tool uses machine-learning algorithms to analyze patient electronic health records and detects IPF risk automatically.
A lab study found that high cholesterol intake worsens fatty liver disease progression by driving inflammation and scarring. The researchers also discovered long-lasting dysfunction in immune cells responsible for fighting liver damage. Moderation is key to maintaining a healthy diet, according to the study's findings.
Threespine stickleback fish evolved resistance to freshwater tapeworms by forming scar tissue around them, which prevents the worms from growing. However, this defense has a significant fitness cost for female sticklebacks, as they are 80% less likely to successfully breed due to the accumulated scarring.
A study published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery found that microneedling can significantly improve the final appearance of surgical scars, with best results if done within six to seven weeks. Early intervention with microneedling has been shown to reactivate the healing process and prevent undesirable scarring.
A substance produced by gut microorganisms, TMAO, can lead to scarring and vascular damage in scleroderma. The Western diet rich in meat contributes to TMAO formation, which reprograms cells to become scar-forming myofibroblasts.
Researchers led by Jianyi Zhang aim to find key pathways for reprogramming adult heart muscle cells to proliferate in response to a heart attack, potentially leading to improved heart attack recovery through growth of new heart muscle cells. The grant will fund three projects at UAB and two other universities.
A team of MIT engineers and collaborators have devised a way to overcome the foreign body response, forming a thick layer of scar tissue that blocks insulin release. The device is repeatedly inflated and deflated for five minutes every 12 hours, preventing immune cells from accumulating around it.
Researchers found that men who lose their Y chromosome as they age are more likely to experience deadly heart scarring and earlier death. The study suggests an existing drug may help counteract the effects of this loss, potentially leading to longer, healthier lives for affected men.
Researchers discovered increased cell cycle activity and proliferation in cardiomyocytes after heart surgery, allowing for remuscularization of the left ventricle. The study identified key genes involved in pathways regulating heart development and cell proliferation.
A new study by UCLA surgeons has developed a technique to remove the Adam's apple with minimal scarring, offering a welcome solution for transgender women and nonbinary people who often face stigma due to neck scars. The procedure, called 'scarless' tracheal shave, is effective and can be performed in 90 minutes with minimal equipment.
Debilitating snare injuries in female spotted hyenas of the Serengeti delayed their age at first reproduction and reduced litter size, while also decreasing offspring survival rates. This long-term decrease in reproductive performance may result from increased inflammatory and immune responses to snare injuries.
A new computer-aided diagnostic tool, Deep-Lung Parenchyma-Enhancing (DLPE), uses artificial intelligence to reveal signs of pulmonary fibrosis in COVID long-haulers, helping to explain respiratory symptoms and improve disease management.
A study published in JCI Insight reveals that epigenetic drugs targeting BRD4 significantly reduce scarring in patients with scleroderma. The findings could lead to repurposing these drugs for faster relief from debilitating symptoms of this chronic disease.
Scientists create nanoparticles coated in mannose to block production of scar-promoting protein in lung cells. The treatment holds promise for preventing severe lung scarring disease.
The study found that TAVR resulted in significantly less structural valve deterioration after five years compared to SAVR. Patients with structural valve deterioration were at about twice the risk of death or rehospitalization as those without, highlighting the benefits of TAVR in reducing mortality and hospitalization risks.
A biodegradable nanoparticle has shown promise in reducing skin and lung scarring in mice with scleroderma. The treatment targets specific immune cells responsible for the disease's chronic inflammation and scarring.
A retrospective study found that the upgrade rate of architectural distortion on digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) to malignancy was 10.2% for radial scars without atypia and 28.2% for those with atypia. Imaging surveillance is considered an alternative to surgery for these cases.
Researchers found that hyaluronic acid is not only present in pancreatic tumors but also serves as a nutrient source for cancer cells. This discovery indicates potential new treatments for pancreatic cancer by targeting the sugar scavenging pathway.
Researchers developed an injectable, adhesive surgical gel that prevents postoperative adhesions and improves wound healing. The gel, dubbed HAD, was tested in rats and rabbits with promising results, showing a significant reduction in inflammation and mortality rates.
Research from MUSC suggests that physicians should be cautious when using laboratory tests to diagnose alcoholic cirrhosis due to false negative results. Patients with advanced liver disease often show subtle signs and symptoms in the early stages of cirrhosis.
Researchers have discovered that intestinal bacteria can lead to more severe adhesions after abdominal surgery. The study found that mesothelial cells and EGFR signaling play a crucial role in the formation of these adhesions. The findings suggest that targeting EGFR may be a potential approach to reducing adhesion risk.
Researchers developed a method to print skin equivalents with three layers, allowing for complex structures and faster healing. The technique uses suspended layer additive manufacturing and has shown promising results in repairing pig tissue.
Researchers at RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences have developed a new method to enhance wound healing using 3D printing of platelet-rich plasma. The technique showed promising results in improving vascularisation and reducing fibrosis, leading to faster and more successful wound healing.
Scientists discovered an important protective response in the heart that can prevent excessive scarring after a heart attack. The study found that this reactive response can limit cardiac fibrosis by preventing oxidant build-up in heart cells, potentially leading to new therapies to repair scarring damage.
Researchers discovered that spiny mice can regenerate severely damaged kidneys without scarring, a process triggered by unique transcriptional programs in their genome. This finding offers new hope for treatments of end-stage kidney disease and fibrotic diseases.
Researchers found that hepatitis C treatment reduces the activity of proteins involved in cirrhosis, potentially indicating an early sign of liver recovery. The study suggests a possible pathway toward healing scarred liver tissue after virus elimination.
Scientists develop injectable hydrogels to effectively prevent post-surgical adhesions, reducing complications and hospital costs. The hydrogel barriers demonstrate superior mechanical properties and effective prevention of cell adherence.
The study found that the Wntless (Wls) gene plays a critical role in heart regeneration in mice by facilitating signal molecule secretion from cardiomyocytes to cardiac fibroblasts. This promotes heart functional recovery by suppressing CF activation and reducing scar formation.
A new study reanalyzes the Sorby vitamin C experiment, a landmark trial that determined the minimum vitamin C requirements for preventing scurvy. The analysis suggests that the recommended daily intake of 45mg may be too low to prevent weak scar strength.
Researchers found that alphaCT1 molecule improves scar appearance by influencing fibroblast behavior, causing them to stretch and change direction. This can lead to more pliable tissue, reducing scarring in surgical procedures. The findings have potential to revolutionize plastic surgery and advance wound healing treatments.
Researchers studied inflammation's role in scarring of the central nervous system in three diseases: multiple sclerosis, aquaporin-4 antibody positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disorder. In MS, scars lead to nerve fiber degeneration and slow worsening of disabili...
A new AI system has been developed to recognize the specific pattern of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, a debilitating blistering disease that can cause scarring and blindness. The system achieved an accuracy of 89.3% in recognizing the disease, outperforming human doctors.
A study published in Cell Reports has shown that administration of senolytic drugs targeting 'zombie cells' in the scar tissue surrounding spinal cord injuries improves functional recovery. The zombie cells are senescent cells with interrupted growth and division but not programmed cell death, which persist in mammals and contribute to...
Researchers developed a fluorescent probe that binds to activated platelets, enabling clinicians to proactively treat patients before clotting or scarring occurs. The tool uses intravascular catheter-based imaging and has the potential to optimize patient outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have developed a microgel coating that can optimize cell-based therapy for pulmonary fibrosis. The coating boosts the therapeutic potential of donor cells by degrading scar tissue and promoting healthy lung tissue regeneration.
Early-phase trial found pirfenidone significantly reduced a marker of heart muscle scarring compared to placebo in patients with preserved ejection fraction. The study suggests that fibrosis is an effective treatment target and could lead to personalized approaches to prevent or reverse scarring.
Researchers at University of Queensland develop gene therapy to block scar formation by targeting SOX9 gene, promising benefits for burn patients and others with significant scarring. The study uses siRNA technology to reduce scarring in animal models, paving the way for potential human treatment.
Scientists discover a way to repurpose fibroblasts to regenerate wounded skin without scarring. By blocking the YAP pathway, researchers encourage cells to retain their identity as ENFs, enabling regeneration of structures like sweat glands and hair follicles.
Researchers at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin have identified a new role for the protein drebrin in controlling scar formation and astrocyte reactivity following brain injury. This mechanism, which regulates membrane trafficking, may hold promise for treating neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at University of Calgary and University of Bern discovered that macrophages, a type of white blood cell, rush to surgical sites and cause excess scarring. Two methods to inhibit this natural response were found: removing macrophages or introducing a drug to block their stickiness.
A study found that early exposure to heat and low oxygen can leave lasting scars on oysters' ability to grow tissue. Oysters invested more in growing their shells than tissue when exposed to the double punch of low oxygen and warmer waters. This could pose a problem for anyone involved in the seafood industry.
A recent study found that more than half of COVID-19 patients discharged from hospital show signs of heart damage, including inflammation and scarring. The research used MRI scans to detect the damage in patients who had raised troponin levels indicating a possible problem with the heart.
Researchers from the Hubrecht Institute mapped the recovery of the heart after a heart attack, highlighting the importance of cardiomyocyte communication in forming scar tissue. The study provides new insights into the complex process of heart recovery, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets to improve outcomes.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a quantum Archimedes' screw that hails fragile gas atoms to higher energy states without collapsing. The discovery reveals the existence of scar states, rare trajectories in chaotic quantum systems offering protected refuge for information encoded in quantum systems.
Researchers discovered a link between antibodies and aggressive lung rejection, and found targeting B cells and interleukin-6 can reduce fibrosis and rejection. This approach may lead to personalized therapies for patients with chronic rejection.
Researchers found that most parrotfish predation scars on Caribbean coral heal within weeks, while larger scars have minimal healing. The study suggests that managing parrotfish populations may be crucial to maintaining resilient reefs.
A recent study published in Gut journal reveals that beta-blocker treatment can reduce systemic inflammation in patients with advanced liver disease, resulting in fewer complications and lower mortality rates. By targeting portal hypertension, beta-blockers may provide a new therapeutic option for patients with cirrhosis.
Researchers have developed a novel neuroregenerative gene therapy that converts glial cells back into functional neurons, reversing glial scar tissue. This treatment also promotes brain recovery in mouse models of ischemic stroke and Huntington's disease, offering a promising solution to the glial scar problem.
A study of nearly 3,000 middle-aged Framingham Heart Study participants found that approximately nine percent had clinically significant liver fibrosis. Liver stiffness correlates with the degree of scarring, which is associated with more adverse cardiometabolic risk factors.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have discovered a potential new treatment for ligament injuries using exosomes and macrophages. The study found that exosome-educated macrophages can promote ligament healing and reduce scarring, with increased collagen production and reduced scar formation.
Researchers are developing an oral spray to treat severely painful blisters and scarring in EB patients. The spray contains anti-fibrotic molecules to prevent scarring and promote healing, aiming to improve symptoms such as eating difficulties and poor dental health.