Articles tagged with Microbiota
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study identified a genetic circuit controlling individual leaf growth and adaptation to environmental conditions. Microbes on plant leaves influence leaf growth independently of nutrient and soil properties.
Researchers discovered that certain bacteria in commensal relationships with plants possess mechanisms to suppress plant immune responses, allowing them to thrive. This ability enables commensal bacteria to outcompete pathogens by avoiding recognition and allocation of resources towards defense.
Researchers at TUM have developed a new therapeutic approach combining dietary therapy with fecal microbiome transfer to sustain inflammation-free states in Crohn's disease patients. The study found that the gut microbiome changes as a result of dietary therapy contribute to treatment success.
Research from RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences found that infant gut bacteria are associated with food sensitivities and allergies, particularly to eggs. The study suggests that probiotic supplements, such as Bifidobacterium, may help prevent food allergies in at-risk infants.
A new study finds that excess RELMb protein in the intestine disrupts tolerance to triggering foods and increases the risk of food allergy. Inhibiting RELMb may lead to a cure or prevention of food allergy, offering a promising therapeutic approach.
A small preliminary study reveals that fearful dog microbiomes differ significantly from those of non-fearful dogs. These findings suggest a possible link between the gut and brain, potentially influencing fear behaviors.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that bacteria used to produce Gruyère, Emmental, and Sbrinz cheese show signs of ancient domestication. The researchers analyzed genetic and phenotypic characteristics of the bacterial strains over a 50-year period, finding low genetic diversity and high stability of traits specific to...
The winners of the Applied Microbiology International Horizon Awards 2024 have been named, including the One Health Microbiome Center at Penn State and researchers Dr. François Thomas and Dr. Helen Onyeaka.
Scientists discovered that gophers, which were introduced to a devastated area after the 1980 eruption, helped regenerate plant and animal life through their digging. The bacteria and fungi they brought to the surface helped plants establish themselves and survive.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen aims to replace fecal capsules with a standardized treatment using fermented feces. The method employs fermentation to cultivate beneficial microorganisms, producing a complex mixture of bacteria and bacteriophages that can fight gastrointestinal disorders.
A recent study published in the journal Microbiome found that lifestyle factors, such as diet and smoking habits, significantly impact the composition of beneficial bacteria in the mouth. The research team analyzed saliva samples from individuals representing different subsistence strategies in Nepal and discovered a correlation betwee...
Researchers will explore the role of exosomes in delivering regenerative compounds, while also investigating olfactory receptors' unexpected functions in skin health. The conference aims to slow or reverse skin aging through novel approaches to mitochondrial function and microbiota balance.
Researchers discovered a beneficial gut bacterium that produces an enzyme capable of metabolizing key molecules involved in regulating appetite, immune responses, and neuronal function. The discovery highlights the importance of gut microbes in human physiology and may lead to new strategies for maintaining health and treating diseases.
A new study has identified novel strains of microbes that have adapted to use limited resources in cities, including those found in Hong Kong's subways and skin. These microbes can metabolize manufactured products, posing health risks if they are pathogenic.
A recent study published in The Prostate used genetically modified mice to investigate the relationship between gut dysbiosis and prostate cancer. The researchers found that both humans and mice exhibited marked differences in their gut microbiome composition, with certain bacteria positively associated with prostate cancer. Additional...
A new study published in PNAS suggests that delivering microparticles containing CCL2 directly to the gums can inhibit bone loss and speed up bone repair in a mouse model of periodontal disease. The therapy modulates the immune response, shifting macrophages from inflammatory M1 type to anti-inflammatory M2 type.
A new narrow-spectrum antibiotic, FP 100, has been found to effectively eliminate Fusobacterium nucleatum without harming the oral or gut microbiomes. This breakthrough discovery holds significant implications for treating severe gum disease and preventing related systemic conditions such as colon cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have discovered two species of purple bacteria that can produce polyhydroxyalkanoates, natural polymers for bioplastics. Genetic engineering has also been used to boost production levels in another well-studied but stubborn species.
Researchers found a choanoflagellate harboring its own microbiome, forming colonies that enclose bacteria and exhibiting a unique symbiotic relationship. This discovery sheds light on the origin of interactions between animals and bacteria in ancient oceans.
A team of researchers at UC Davis Health discovered a novel bioelectrical mechanism that allows Salmonella bacteria to navigate the gut lining and find vulnerable entry points. The study found that Salmonella bacteria detect electric signals in FAE, which helps them move towards openings in the gut where they can enter.
A study published in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery found a link between Modic changes and microbial diversity in the lumbar cartilaginous endplates. Patients with Modic changes had more severe lumbar disc degeneration and a distinct metabolite profile, suggesting potential contributors to its pathogenesis.
Researchers have discovered that oleic acid, a naturally occurring oil in the body, restores a healthy balance of vaginal microbes in a laboratory model of BV. Oleic acid inhibits growth of detrimental bacteria and promotes healthier species associated with a stable microbiome.
Scientists have developed a new technique called Boba-seq to study gene function in microbes, allowing for rapid identification of gene traits and properties. The approach enables the analysis of hundreds of thousands of genetic variants simultaneously, providing insights into microbial genomes.
Researchers found that Megamonas degrades intestinal myo-inositol, enhances lipid absorption, and contributes to obesity. The study suggests potential strategies for future obesity management by illustrating the bacterium's mechanism.
Research found higher bacterial concentrations in keloid tissue, especially in deep layers, leading to increased inflammation and fibroblast production. Antibiotics and phage treatments may help reduce bacteria and improve treatment outcomes for keloids.
Researchers found that fecal microbiota transplantation did not offer significant improvements in motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Further studies on modified approaches or bowel cleansing are needed to better understand the impact of donor microbiota composition.
A pioneering study reveals how cowpea plants respond to leaf-mining fly attacks by altering their root-associated microbiota. The research shows that leafminer infestation significantly changes the rhizosphere microbiome, enriching beneficial nitrogen-fixing bacteria, especially Bradyrhizobium species.
Researchers investigated the effects of initial microbiota on microbial succession during eggplant fermentation, finding two distinct patterns of LAB dominance. They also identified Lactiplantibacillus plantarum as a primary contributor to lactic acid production and nutrient content.
A new study found that tree bark surfaces absorb methane gas from the atmosphere, making trees 10% more beneficial for climate than previously thought. This discovery adds a new layer of importance to tree planting and reducing deforestation as part of efforts to cut methane emissions.
A research team led by Clemson University Professor Shahid Mukhtar aims to identify natural biological solutions through the microbiome to help soybeans survive extreme heat and drought. The study will focus on the cellular level, soil microbiomes, and plant responses to environmental stresses.
Researchers found that bowel movement frequency is linked to long-term health, with younger people, women, and those with lower BMI tending to have less frequent bowel movements. The study also showed associations between bowel movement frequency and chronic disease risk, mental health history, and gut microbiome composition.
A UC Riverside paper has opened the door to understanding more about life's beginnings and early evolution. The study weaves together data from ancient rocks, genomic studies of modern organisms, and recent breakthroughs about the evolving chemistry of the early oceans, atmosphere, and continents.
A study published in Frontiers in Fungal Biology reveals that microcolonial fungi and lichens on petroglyphs in the Negev desert can cause gradual erosion and damage. The researchers identified multiple species of these fungi and lichens, which are known to thrive in hot and cold deserts.
The discovery of 'blockbuster T cells' in the gut offers a powerful approach to treating multiple diseases. By understanding how these T cells interact with bacteria, researchers can develop innovative therapeutic interventions.
A high-fat diet in adolescent rats disrupts resident gut bacteria, alters behavior, and influences brain chemicals to fuel anxiety. The study also found a link between the high-fat diet and altered expression of genes involved in serotonin production.
Researchers at Tufts University have developed a small device that can sample the full inventory of microorganisms in an individual's gastrointestinal tract. The technology uses a soft elastic exterior and microvalves to collect samples, offering improved control over localized sampling in the small intestine.
Researchers have identified two distinct types of dysbioses in cystic fibrosis, which differ in their ecological organization and response to treatment. These findings suggest that antimicrobial drugs may be more effective in hierarchically organized microbiota, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes for patients.
Researchers investigated solar radiation's effects on skin microbiome, discovering it can create a damaged skin barrier. The study proposes innovative sun protection methods that safeguard both skin integrity and microbiome balance.
A recent study discovered a unique vaginal microbiome in patients with gynecological cancers, which could serve as a diagnostic biomarker. The researchers found a decrease in beneficial bacteria and an increase in potentially pathogenic microorganisms, leading to promising results for early detection.
Researchers discovered that children with the worst outcomes had significantly fewer microbial species overall, but marked populations of Staphylococcus bacteria and viruses. The study used metagenomic next-generation sequencing to analyze lung fluid samples from 229 pediatric patients, revealing links between microbiome composition an...
A new study in Nature Communications reveals that symbiotic bacteria play a critical role in modulating the profile of root secreted molecules, influencing the assembly of a symbiotic root microbiome. The findings provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between nitrogen nutrition and plant-bacteria interactions.
At NUTRITION 2024, researchers will explore emerging findings on the role of diet in cancer risk and survivorship, as well as personalized dietary therapy for cancer treatment and survivorship. Scientists will also share insights into precision nutrition, environmental sustainability, and infant feeding practices, shedding light on the...
A recent study found that infants born via C-section have more antibiotic-resistant genes, while antibiotic use and prematurity fuel resistance. Infants from Africa had more resistant genes than those from Europe. Probiotics may help reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance in infants by targeting their gut microbiome.
The study found that Streptococcus and Pedobacter bacteria species were present in healthy eyes, while more Acinetobacter species were found in dry eye samples. This knowledge could lead to improved treatments for various eye problems and diseases affecting the gut microbiome.
Researchers at RIKEN found that gut bacteria, particularly Bifidobacterium, are associated with higher chances of successful milk-allergy treatment. However, only 7 out of 28 children who underwent oral immunotherapy passed the food challenge after a two-week milk avoidance period.
Researchers have identified specific bacterial strains linked to a positive response to combination immunotherapy in rare gynaecological cancers, biliary tract cancers, and melanoma. A microbiome signature can predict individual responses to treatment, paving the way for personalized medicine and next-generation probiotics.
A study by an international research team led by Penn State finds that droughts may drive deadly amphibian disease, chytridiomycosis. Abnormal rainfall patterns disrupt the microbiomes of frogs, potentially leaving them vulnerable to the fungus.
A new study found that one bacterial species, Streptococcus mitis, dominates in IPF patients not treated with antibiotics and is associated with better lung function and survival. This protective relationship does not apply to patients who received antibiotics.
New research reveals that domestication impacts the microbial communities associated with crops. The study found consistent effects on the plant microbiota across independently domesticated crop species in Mesoamerica and South America. Changes in seed mineral content were linked to changes in microbiome composition.
A study by Pusan National University researchers found a significant association between Cutibacterium acnes and lichen striatus hypopigmentation, suggesting the potential for targeted therapy to reduce LS duration and hypopigmentation. The research team identified other likely candidates in skin microbiota imbalance.
A study by researchers at University of California - San Diego reveals a connection between the skin microbiome and signs of aging, including crow's feet wrinkles. The analysis found positive associations with diverse skin microbiomes and negative correlations with moisture loss, suggesting potential new directions for skincare solutions.
Researchers established a molecular link between specific B12-producing gut bacteria and acetylcholine production in C. elegans, a neurotransmitter important to memory and cognitive function. A diet rich in these bacteria reduced seizure-like behavior in mutant worms by restoring excitatory/inhibitory balance.
Researchers unveiled mEnrich-seq, a method to enhance microbiome research specificity and efficiency. The technique helps identify specific bacteria in complex environments, facilitating study of diverse biomedical questions.
Researchers identify microbial enzyme bilirubin reductase that converts bilirubin into urobilinogen, causing urine's yellow color. The discovery sheds light on the gut microbiome's role in ailments like jaundice and IBD.
A recent study found that alterations in the human microbiome, including those in the gut, urinary, and salivary tracts, are linked to kidney stone formation. The research team discovered changes in these microbiomes were common among patients with kidney stones.
Research at University of Oxford found that diverse gut bacteria communities can block the growth of harmful pathogens, with certain species playing a crucial role. The communities work by consuming nutrients needed by the pathogen, and increasing diversity boosts protection.
The FAU Microbiome Innovation Center will develop a new curriculum in wholistic plant health and create a culture collection of indigenous beneficial bacteria. The grant will procure a bench top DNA sequencer to drive development of the curated collection, which will become a valuable asset in customizing probiotics for specific plants.
Scientists at University of California San Diego develop a new approach to microbiome research, identifying hundreds of molecules never seen before in the human body. They found a strong association between these molecules and inflammatory bowel disease, potentially leading to new diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine found that certain bacterial species dismantle protective molecules on vaginal cells, dysregulating cell turnover and response to surrounding bacteria. This study may help explain the association between bacterial vaginosis and adverse sexual and reproductive health outcomes.
Researchers are exploring new ways to fight metastasis, including the use of bacteria to activate a defensive response against cancer. Stress and changes in circadian rhythms have also been linked to metastasis, suggesting that these factors may be targets for prevention or treatment.