Medical Tests
Articles tagged with Medical Tests
Rapid tests linked to better management of chronic diseases
Blood test could help predict disease progression and how well treatment will work
A new blood test, called VeloCD, can predict how a patient's illness will progress and how well they will respond to treatment. The test analyzes key markers in the blood that reveal gene expression patterns, allowing for accurate predictions of future clinical states.
Scientists find blood-based biomarkers for inflammatory breast cancer
Researchers at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have identified specific blood-based genomic biomarkers that distinguish inflammatory breast cancer from other subtypes. The study used an improved method of RNA sequencing, called TGIRT sequencing, which allowed for a more comprehensive overview of all RNA types and amou...
Doctors urge caution regarding elective MRI in new editorial
Elective MRI screenings may lead to false positives, unnecessary surgery, and emotional harm. Experts argue that detecting certain cancers early is not always beneficial, and the scans can exacerbate anxiety rather than improve quality of life.
Marker of biological aging linked to cognitive symptoms of depression
Researchers found that accelerated biological aging of a type of white blood cell called monocytes is linked to cognitive and mood-related symptoms of depression. This discovery could lead to earlier diagnosis and personalized treatment for depression, particularly in high-risk populations such as women with HIV.
Portable TB test matches lab accuracy in just minutes
A new portable device can deliver accurate test results for tuberculosis (TB) in less than half an hour, matching lab accuracy. The MiniDock MTB uses similar technology to COVID-19 tests and detects DNA of mycobacterium tuberculosis, enabling rapid diagnosis and treatment
AI tool may spot adhd years before children are diagnosed
Researchers developed an AI tool that analyzes routine electronic health records to predict ADHD risk in children years before a typical diagnosis. The model accurately identified risk in children age 5 and older, with consistent performance across patient characteristics.
Millions suffering needlessly with curable hepatitis C, new analysis reveals
A new analysis found that prescriptions for curable hepatitis C drugs have declined sharply in recent years, leaving millions without treatment. The researchers urge swift actions to deliver the drugs to those who need them, including increased screening and system-level changes.
Oral-gut axis points to salivary biomarkers for early gastric cancer detection
A recent study identified distinct microbial signatures in the oral cavity and gut that serve as robust biomarkers for early gastric cancer detection. These microbial markers can be detected in saliva or stool samples using machine learning models, achieving an AUROC of 0.87 for saliva-based detection.
New material makes heart monitoring tech more comfortable
Researchers created a new polymer electrode that conforms to the skin, is comfortable, and can pick up ECG signals without gel or adhesives. The technology performed comparably to existing sensors in proof-of-concept testing, showcasing its potential for practical and cost-effective health monitoring applications.
Point-of-care hepatitis C testing in a tribal setting
A community-based point-of-care HCV RNA testing program was feasible and led to a high percentage of same-day treatment for American Indian and Alaska Native participants. The study supports expanding point-of-care HCV RNA testing and integrated treatment to advance HCV elimination.
Without the right tests, the best medicines make no difference
A new analysis from UC San Francisco argues that diagnostics are being overlooked, slowing progress against major diseases despite advances in targeted therapies. The study suggests that nearly half of the world's population lacks adequate access to diagnostics due to inadequate investment and insurance reimbursement.
Study finds sex- and race-based disparities in IBS diagnosis rates among US adults
A national survey found significant disparities in IBS diagnosis across sex and racial groups in the US. Men and Black patients are less likely to receive a formal diagnosis compared to women and white patients, despite similar reported healthcare-seeking behavior and symptom severity.
Antidepressant unable to prevent chemotherapy-associated nerve damage
A randomized trial found that duloxetine does not prevent painful neuropathy caused by oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with stage II or III colorectal cancer. The study suggests that duloxetine should only be used for managing existing neuropathy, not prevention.
Trends and disparities in the use of next-generation sequencing in patients with cancer in the US
Advanced or metastatic cancers often go without tumor genomic testing, with those from low-income backgrounds facing longer wait times. JAMA Network Open highlights the need for targeted healthcare policies to bridge these gaps.
Alliance marks Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Awareness Week
The Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology is enrolling adolescent and young adult cancer patients in various trials, including genetic services and treatment studies. These trials aim to address longstanding gaps in care and improve outcomes for AYAs with cancer.
The body’s internal clock can be determined from a hair sample
Researchers at Charité develop test to determine circadian rhythm using hair roots, revealing genetic and lifestyle factors influencing internal clock. The new method shows promise for tailoring therapies to individual rhythms, potentially improving treatment outcomes.
Simple blood test could spot dementia years earlier, research shows
Researchers discovered subtle changes in the blood can reveal early signs of cognitive decline caused by chemicals produced by gut bacteria. A blood test may one day transform how we detect dementia, potentially identifying people at risk years before symptoms appear.
A much more sensitive fentanyl detection strip, thanks to physics
Researchers developed a physics-based model for competitive lateral flow assay (LFA) test strips, improving commercial fentanyl test strips' sensitivity. The new method enables actionable guidance for sensitivity optimization across various LFAs.
Researchers hunt for easier detection of lymphatic disorders
Researchers are developing a comprehensive diagnostic toolkit to detect lymphatic disorders earlier and as part of routine physical exams. The team, led by Dr. Zhenpeng Qin, is working on identifying biomarkers for lymphatic diseases through blood samples.
Inflammation linked to depression in women with diabetes, but biomarkers paint complex picture
A study found that inflammation markers may signal depression in women with type 2 diabetes, but vary based on depression symptoms and measures. The research suggests a path toward precision mental health by identifying specific inflammatory biomarkers linked to different dimensions of mental health.
Tobacco smoking and lung cancer risk after negative baseline low-dose computed tomography findings
A cohort study found that smokers with negative baseline low-dose computed tomography findings had a significantly increased long-term lung cancer risk, becoming apparent only after two years of screening. This suggests supporting extended initial screening intervals and personalized long-term monitoring based on smoking history.
Goethe university study reveals injury risks in professional dance
Professional dancers experience high levels of physical strain and ergonomic stress, with 25% developing osteoarthritis by their late twenties. The study suggests optimizing training sessions, flooring, and organizational changes to reduce injury risk and wear-related conditions.
Colorectal cancer risk with negative colonoscopy or nonadherence after positive fecal occult blood test screening
A decrease in colorectal cancer incidence was observed among individuals with negative screening colonoscopy results, particularly men, suggesting risk-based follow-up strategies. Nonadherence to scheduled colonoscopies increased the risk of CRC, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve early detection.
Computational model measures key aging metric from routine biopsies
Researchers developed a computational tool that infers telomere length from structural changes in cells and tissues captured in medical biopsies. The TLPath model accurately predicts telomere length, providing new opportunities for studying human aging.
Early intervention in severe fetal megacystis can increase survival rate and kidney function
Researchers found that treating severe fetal megacystis with a vesicoamniotic shunt in the first trimester can improve survival rates and kidney function. In the study, 75% of children were born alive and 68% survived their first year of life, with most showing normal or only slightly impaired kidney function.
Scan that makes prostate cancer cells glow could cut need for biopsies
A new imaging test, PSMA PET/CT scan, has been shown to safely reduce the number of biopsies needed for suspected prostate cancer, with no harm to patients. The PRIMARY2 trial found that the scan could identify low-risk patients who did not need a biopsy, while targeting suspicious areas for those who did.
A comprehensive review charts how psychiatry could finally diagnose what it actually treats
Emerging research across conceptual frameworks, biomarker science, digital phenotyping, and artificial intelligence synthesizes a translational pathway toward a more biologically grounded and clinically useful approach to psychiatric diagnosis. The current system falls short due to standardized clinical language and lack of biological ...
Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology highlights new and open colorectal cancer trials in March
The Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology is spotlighting new trials for colorectal cancer in March, focusing on early detection methods and treatments for treatment delays and loss of appetite. The trials aim to improve patient outcomes, with several enrolling patients with newly diagnosed colon or rectal cancer.
Understanding how extracellular vesicles from cancer cells end up in urine
Cancer cell-derived small extracellular vesicles can be excreted into urine, according to researchers who tracked their journey in mouse models. The study reveals that glomerular cells actively transport sEVs across the filtration barrier, supporting their use in emerging urine-based cancer diagnostics.
Study finds no evidence of persistent tick-borne infection in people who link chronic illness to ticks
Researchers studied Norwegians with reported chronic health problems linked to tick bites, finding no objective evidence of persistent infections. The study suggests that physical activity and labour force participation may be more related to symptoms than tick exposure.
AI stethoscope can help spot ‘silent epidemic’ of heart valve disease earlier than GPs, study suggests
A new study suggests that AI can help doctors detect serious heart valve disease years earlier, potentially saving thousands of lives. The AI algorithm correctly identified 98% of patients with severe aortic stenosis and 94% of those with severe mitral regurgitation.
Imaging technique can reduce benign breast biopsies by 25%
A new imaging technique using ultrasound-guided diffuse optical tomography can reduce unnecessary benign breast biopsies by nearly 25%, according to a recent study. The technology uses near-infrared light to create 3D pictures of tissues, revealing functional differences between normal and cancerous tissue.
Pediatric investigation review highlights the future of newborn screening with next-generation sequencing
The use of next-generation sequencing in newborn screening can detect a wide range of genetic disorders, some of which are not currently testable through traditional means. This approach enables earlier disease detection and long-term health planning.
A CRISPR fingerprint of pathogenic C. auris fungi
A new diagnostic platform enables rapid and accurate detection of drug-resistant C. auris pathogens using CRISPR technology, allowing for more effective treatment and prevention of hospital outbreaks. The dSHERLOCK test can detect the presence of mutations causing antimicrobial resistance in just 40 minutes.
Costs pose hurdle for promising new hepatitis C lab test
A new rapid test for hepatitis C could identify more patients who can be cured if insurers increase reimbursement to cover the test's high cost. The test's point-of-care feature makes it ideal for early screening and treatment in clinics and emergency rooms.
Obstructive sleep apnea risk and mental health conditions among older adults
A national longitudinal cohort study found consistently worse mental health outcomes among middle-aged and older adults at high risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Integrated screening and intervention strategies are needed to address this association.
Vulnerability of large language models to prompt injection when providing medical advice
Researchers found large language models susceptible to malicious input manipulation, leading to potentially hazardous health recommendations. The study highlights the need for robustness testing and regulatory oversight before clinical deployment of these AI tools.
Shifting pathways: Community and healthcare-associated transmission of mpox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Europe
Researchers describe first reported mpox transmission of clade Ib in a healthcare setting outside Africa, with Ireland's nosocomial outbreak linked to local cases. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, community transmission shifted from sexual to non-sexual routes, driven by factors like overcrowding and child malnutrition.
A new way to diagnose deadly lung infections and save lives
A new diagnostic method using AI and genetic information can accurately identify pneumonia in critically ill patients, distinguishing between infectious and non-infectious causes. The model has been shown to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use by over 80% and could lead to faster diagnosis and improved patient outcomes.
Blood analysis shows whether brain cancer treatment is working
Researchers developed a new diagnostic chip that can detect tumor cells in blood, allowing for real-time monitoring of brain cancer treatment effectiveness. The GlioExoChip uses extracellular vesicles to assess treatment response, providing a quick and minimally invasive way to inform doctors about chemotherapy efficacy.
A rapid diagnostic breakthrough against a silent global threat
A novel diagnostic approach enables rapid detection of both antibiotic resistance and high virulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae, a microorganism driving the global antibiotic resistance crisis. This breakthrough could support timely, targeted therapy and strengthen infection-control strategies in healthcare settings.
Germline pathogenic variants among women without a history of breast cancer
A secondary analysis of the WISDOM trial found a substantial number of women with clinically actionable genetic variants, many not qualifying for current guidelines. This study supports broader access to genetic testing for personalized breast cancer risk assessment.
New 15-minute hepatitis C test paves the way for same-day treatment
Scientists at Northwestern University have developed the fastest test yet for diagnosing hepatitis C virus, delivering results in just 15 minutes – up to 75% faster than current rapid tests. The highly accurate diagnostic could revolutionize HCV care by improving diagnosis and accelerating treatment uptake.
Uncovering the dynamics of sugar–protein interactions
Researchers developed a novel magnetic biosensing technique using polydopamine-coated magnetoliposomes to monitor lectin-glycan binding. The technique provides insight into the dynamics of sugar-protein interactions and holds promise for medical diagnostics, glycoscience research, and drug discovery.
New UCF mobile health clinic increases access to care
The UCF Health Mobile Health Clinic provides free high-quality healthcare services to underserved communities, serving as a real-world classroom for medical and nursing students. The clinic aims to reduce preventable conditions and improve long-term health through comprehensive screenings, chronic disease monitoring, and education.
What your sweat can reveal about your health
A new study suggests that sweat can reveal information about a person's health, including hormone levels, medication doses, and early detection of diseases like diabetes and cancer. Wearable sensors using artificial intelligence can detect specific metabolites in sweat, providing personalized health insights.
Lung cancer deaths prevented and life-years gained from lung cancer screening
Lung cancer screening has the potential to prevent 3 times more deaths and gain 3 times more life-years than current levels. Increasing awareness and accessibility of lung cancer screening could lead to wider adoption.
Researchers diagnose disease with a drop of blood, a microscope and AI
A team of scientists at the University of Tokyo has developed an automated, high-throughput system that uses machine learning to analyze droplets of biofluids for disease diagnosis. The technology relies on imaging drying processes to distinguish between normal and abnormal samples.
Clogged ‘drains’ in the brain a likely early-warning sign of Alzheimer’s disease, find NTU Singapore scientists
A study by NTU Singapore researchers found that enlarged perivascular spaces, or 'clogged drains', in the brain are a likely early-warning sign of Alzheimer's disease. The condition can be visually identified on routine MRI scans, complementing existing methods to detect Alzheimer's earlier.
AI detects hidden objects on chest scans better than radiologists
Researchers developed an AI model that outperforms radiologists in detecting hidden objects on chest scans, particularly for cases of foreign body aspiration. The model achieves high precision and recall rates, helping doctors diagnose complex conditions more reliably.
Could a liquid biopsy test lead to earlier diagnoses for numerous cancer types?
A liquid biopsy test may enable early detection of various cancers, increasing stage I–III diagnoses by 10-30% and stage IV diagnoses by 45%. This could improve patient outcomes and reduce the economic impact of cancer. The study's findings suggest a game-changing approach to cancer control.
Chinese Neurosurgical Journal study explores AI tool to predict medulloblastoma subtypes and genetic risks with high accuracy
A new study published in the Chinese Neurosurgical Journal explores an AI tool that identifies medulloblastoma subgroups based on magnetic resonance imaging scans. The model achieved impressive accuracy in predicting molecular subtypes and genetic risk factors, with 91% accuracy for TP53 mutations and 87% accuracy for chromosome 11 loss.
Psilocybin outside the clinic – public health challenges of increasing publicity, accessibility, and use
The increasing use of unregulated psilocybin mushrooms poses a pressing need for public education, potency testing, and age-specific risk assessment. Existing clinical data are insufficient to guide harm reduction or policy, highlighting the need for real-world research on psilocybin use.
New Alliance clinical trial studies impact of exercise on cancer patients
The DEFEND study aims to assess whether virtual exercise sessions can be successfully delivered to patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy. Researchers will evaluate the impact on physical function, fatigue, and disability.
Blood immune cell analysis tested in patients shows promise for early Parkinson’s detection
Researchers have developed a blood test that detects Parkinson's disease by analyzing the activity of immune cells. The study found 22 genes whose expression was altered in patients with Parkinson's, suggesting potential diagnostic markers and insights into the disease's mechanisms.
Changes in colorectal cancer screening modalities among insured individuals
Colorectal cancer screening modities shifted among privately insured individuals after COVID-19, with decreased colonoscopy and fecal tests, increased stool DNA tests. Differences found by sex, socioeconomic status, and metropolitan area residence.
UCF researchers developing new easy-to-use viral biosensor test, giving patients more accurate and immediate results
A team of UCF researchers is creating a single low-cost test to detect multiple viruses simultaneously, which may be used in resource-limited settings. The test has the potential to save lives by providing quicker and more accessible results.
Revolutionary blood test for ME / Chronic Fatigue unveiled
Scientists have developed a high-accuracy blood test to diagnose Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS), with 96% sensitivity and 98% specificity. The test uses EpiSwitch technology to identify unique DNA patterns in patients, offering new hope for diagnosis and treatment.