Articles tagged with Digestive Disorders
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A new clinical trial, PAGODA, seeks to minimize treatment interruptions and help patients complete their chemotherapy as planned. The trial will test a structured plan to guide doctors in making small, proactive changes to chemotherapy doses to prevent treatment delays.
Researchers uncover a key ion channel, TRPM4, that regulates intestinal fluid balance and identify a new druggable site. This discovery provides a blueprint for designing targeted treatments for gastrointestinal disorders.
A SickKids-led study reveals how bile acids can bind to block C. diff's most dangerous toxin, leading to the development of a new compound that neutralizes the toxin directly in the gut. This approach preserves gut health and targets the toxin with precision, offering hope for safer treatments.
The American Gastroenterological Association has released an updated clinical guideline on the pharmacological management of moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease, recommending early use of high-efficacy therapies to improve patient outcomes. The guideline organizes treatments by efficacy to simplify decision-making for gastroenterologist...
A landmark study has redefined non-coeliac gluten sensitivity as part of the gut-brain interaction spectrum, suggesting that symptoms are triggered by fermentable carbohydrates and expectations. The findings have major implications for diagnosis, treatment, and public health messaging.
Research from the University of Gothenburg has identified two bacteria that can produce bioactive serotonin, a key player in bowel movements and brain function. These findings suggest new avenues for treating functional gastrointestinal disorders like IBS.
Researchers discovered a new enzyme produced by Bacteroides fragilis that activates pain signaling. The enzyme is targeted with nanoparticles to develop treatments for gut pain in inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome. The studies aim to restore balance between good and bad bacteria to reduce symptoms.
Researchers found that Reelin-based therapeutics could help restore the integrity of the gut barrier, reducing inflammation and symptoms of depression. The study suggests a promising new treatment targeting both brain and gut processes.
A recent Finnish study found that protein-hydrolysed lactose-free A1A2 milk was better tolerated by lactose-intolerant individuals than A2 milk. The study suggests that individual lactose tolerance is a key factor in causing gastrointestinal symptoms.
A new study from the Medical University of South Carolina reveals that shorter storage durations of donor human milk are linked to reduced gastrointestinal complications in premature infants. The findings suggest minimizing milk storage time may help preserve protective properties crucial for preterm gut health.
Researchers at uOttawa are developing an AI tool to provide personalized dietary strategies for people living with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The project aims to match specific types of carbohydrates to individual patients' unique gut microbiomes.
A new study published in Autism found that autistic children are more likely to experience ongoing gastrointestinal problems than their typically developing peers. These symptoms can affect sleep, communication, sensory processing and behavior, and often don't have an identified medical cause.
Researchers found that a high fiber diet reduced Alzheimer's-related frailty and tremor in mice by restoring balance in the gut immune system. This discovery provides a potential new therapeutic pathway for the disease.
A researcher at Kennesaw State University is creating digital twins of the human stomach using advanced medical imaging, biomechanics testing, and computational modeling. This could lead to a better understanding of gastrointestinal disorders and more accurate diagnoses.
Researchers found that a compound produced by Lactobacillus bacteria can reverse liver and gut damage caused by aflatoxin exposure. The molecule, 10-hydroxystearic acid, activated PPARα signaling to repair liver tissue and support gut health.
A low FODMAP diet has been shown to improve colonic barrier function and reduce mast cell activation in patients with IBS-D. The study found that the diet reduced symptoms of diarrhea and abdominal pain, and improved intestinal permeability.
Researchers found that INSL5 levels are high in patients with bile acid diarrhoea, leading to more watery stool. The hormone could aid development of a blood test and points towards a potential new treatment for the condition.
A recent national study reveals complex patterns of burden and survival trends for digestive system malignancies (DSMTs) in China. Despite progress in reducing mortality from some cancers, the overall impact remains significant, with notable disparities across demographic and geographic lines.
Researchers at Caltech have created a 'smart capsule' called PillTrek that can measure various biomarkers in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, providing real-time profiling. The device is tiny, wireless, and inexpensive, and has the potential to revolutionize diagnosis and monitoring of diseases.
Researchers from ASU and international collaborators tested a handheld DNA sequencing device at six chicken slaughterhouses in Indonesia. The study found signs of antibiotic-resistant bacteria spreading from wastewater into nearby rivers, highlighting the need for targeted solutions to reduce its spread.
New research warns against widespread use of Fecal Microbiota Transplants (FMT) due to potential for long-lasting, unintended health consequences. Mismatches in gut ecosystems can lead to changes in metabolism, behavior, and energy balance.
A pioneering research brings psychedelic medicine into gastroenterology, exploring psilocybin's effects on treatment-resistant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Dr. Erin E. Mauney's study modulates interoception and uses integrated therapy sessions with neuroimaging to track brain changes.
A review examines the evidence and mechanisms behind GERD-associated eosinophilia and whether GERD alone can meet EoE-level eosinophilic thresholds. High-level esophageal eosinophilia is rare in GERD without concomitant eosinophilic esophagitis.
The release of long-read sequencing datasets for two Kids First studies provides a fuller understanding of how genetics contributes to childhood cancers and congenital disorders. The datasets include improved genome assembly capabilities, facilitating variant discovery and potential targeted therapy development.
A 20-year initiative that offered flexible screening options at a major health system doubled screening rates and cut cancer incidence by a third, halving deaths. The program eliminated racial disparities in outcomes, with Black patients' deaths declining from 52.2 to 23.5 per 100,000.
Researchers have discovered a previously unknown mechanism of liver regeneration triggered by glutamate, which accelerates liver regeneration in minutes through changes in macrophage metabolism. Hepatocytes producing glutamine synthetase play a key role in this process.
The study found that nearly 1-in-3 young people now live with pediatric onset conditions that significantly affect their lives. Young adults are more likely to develop chronic conditions if they have lower socioeconomic status.
Children who frequently miss school due to abdominal complaints are more likely to have gut-brain axis disorders like IBS, which can be missed by medical tests. The study found that frequent absences were nearly five times more likely to be caused by functional GI disorders than specific illnesses.
A new study published in Microorganisms explores the impact of starch on oral health and finds that high AMY1 copy numbers alter the oral microbiome, increasing disease risk. The researchers discovered that populations with a history of agriculture and starch consumption have more copies of the gene, which provides a survival advantage.
Crohn's & Colitis Congress showcases cutting-edge research on IBD treatment barriers, genetic factors, and cardiovascular safety. Key studies reveal significant financial sacrifices made by patients to access care and identify epigenetic clues for Crohn's disease development.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have found that opioid delta-receptor agonists can alleviate stress-induced IBS symptoms in a validated mouse model by targeting the central nervous system. The study suggests that these drugs could provide a more definitive solution for IBS with minimal adverse effects.
Research highlights the critical link between the body's circadian clock and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Disruptions in circadian rhythms exacerbate inflammation, suggesting that aligning treatment strategies with natural biological cycles could improve patient outcomes.
A new UCLA study categorizes people with chronic liver disease into four unique risk groups based on barriers to outpatient care, increasing the likelihood of hospitalization. The study highlights the need for interventions aimed at reducing avoidable hospitalizations among the highest-risk individuals.
A new UC Davis Health study has uncovered the mechanisms by which Salmonella bacteria evade the body's natural defenses in the gut. The research found that Salmonella alters the gut's nutrient environment to fuel its replication in the large intestine, creating an imbalance that helps the pathogen survive. This new understanding could ...
The winners of the Applied Microbiology International Horizon Awards 2024 have been named, including the One Health Microbiome Center at Penn State and researchers Dr. François Thomas and Dr. Helen Onyeaka.
A new treatment strategy combining ReCET and semaglutide has been shown to eliminate insulin therapy in 86% of type 2 diabetes patients, improving sensitivity to endogenous insulin. The novel procedure, which employs electroporation, is compliance-free and disease-modifying, addressing ongoing patient adherence issues.
Researchers found that weekend warrior and regular physical activity patterns were associated with substantially lower risks of over 200 diseases. Weekend warrior activity was found to be just as effective at decreasing risk as more evenly distributed exercise activity.
Researchers identified T. immunophila as a key player in breaking down the gut's protective immune barrier, leading to increased susceptibility to pathogens and delayed repair of the gut barrier. The discovery provides a promising new avenue for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's, and ulcerative colitis.
A new study published in Science Advances has found that antibiotics disrupt the protective mucus layer in the intestine, increasing the risk of inflammatory bowel disease. Researchers discovered that antibiotics damage the mucus barrier in a microbiota-independent manner, facilitating bacterial penetration and gut inflammation.
Using tartrazine, researchers create transparency in tissues by matching refractive indices, revealing hidden organs and structures. This technique has implications for diagnosing injuries, digestive disorders, and cancers.
A Mayo Clinic team developed a computational tool that analyzes the gut microbiome with at least 80% accuracy. The Gut Microbiome Wellness Index 2 identifies subtle changes in gut health, enabling proactive health indicators and potential prevention of chronic diseases.
A team of researchers at UC Davis Health discovered a novel bioelectrical mechanism that allows Salmonella bacteria to navigate the gut lining and find vulnerable entry points. The study found that Salmonella bacteria detect electric signals in FAE, which helps them move towards openings in the gut where they can enter.
A recent NTU Singapore study found that eight in ten gastroenterologists accept and trust the use of AI-powered tools in diagnosing and assessing colorectal polyps. The study, which surveyed 165 doctors in the Asia-Pacific region, also found that more experienced gastroenterologists perceived a lower risk of AI tools.
Research presented at Digestive Disease Week 2024 reveals the risks associated with weight-loss drugs and alpha-gal syndrome. Studies found that GLP-1 weight loss drugs may increase the risk of biliary disease and gastroparesis, while an alpha-gal syndrome diagnosis is linked to GI symptoms in females.
Studies reveal distinct differences in oral microbiomes of patients with gastric cancer, premalignant conditions, and healthy controls. Researchers also found a surge in colorectal cancer incidence among young patients under 45, while late-stage gallbladder cancer is on the rise in non-Hispanic Blacks.
Research highlights patient comfort with AI in endoscopy and liability concerns. A new study found that robotic gallbladder removal is associated with lower odds of conversion to open surgery and hospitalization.
A recent study found that patients seen by female gastroenterologists have significantly less healthcare utilization than those seen by male providers. Female patients, in particular, experience lower rates of emergency department visits and primary care office visits after receiving initial consultations from female gastroenterologists.
A new endoscopic procedure has been developed to reduce production of ghrelin, a key hunger hormone, by ablating the stomach lining. This process resulted in a 7.7% body weight loss and a 40% reduction in fasting ghrelin levels in a six-month trial involving 10 female patients with obesity.
Researchers identified distinct differences between oral microbiomes of healthy patients and those with gastric cancer or pre-cancerous conditions. The findings suggest that oral bacteria could serve as biomarkers for gastric cancer risk, potentially leading to practice-changing tests and guidelines.
Between 1999 and 2020, colorectal cancer incidence grew by 500% among children ages 10-14, 333% among teens aged 15-19, and 185% among young adults ages 20-24. Researchers highlight the need for tailored approaches to screening and awareness of signs and symptoms.
Researchers used a novel deep proteomics approach to investigate the effects of aging and resistance training on skeletal muscle. The study found that aging predominantly affects non-contractile proteins, while resistance training has minimal effects on protein abundance.
Researchers have identified CAR-T cell therapy as a potential treatment for autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, and type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Early studies have shown promising results in reducing disease activity and improving patients' quality of life, but long-term data on safety and efficacy is limited.
The Kidney-CHAMP study found that the intervention helped primary care physicians identify and triage patients with kidney disease, improving patient access to specialists and educational materials. Despite a null result, the study's findings suggest that the framework is scalable and provides equitable access to healthcare.
A new study shows that a massive effort to reduce the overuse of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) led to a nearly 30% reduction in prescriptions, but also resulted in some veterans missing out on protective use. The intervention, which imposed limits on PPI prescription size and refills, was carried out in one region of the Veterans Healt...
The American Gastroenterological Association has proposed a 12-point plan to enhance IBD care in the US, focusing on insurer-mandated barriers such as prior authorization and step therapy. The plan aims to improve treatment access and quality for over three million Americans living with IBD.
The American Gastroenterological Association recommends fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) as a safe and effective treatment for most patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. FMT offers hope to patients suffering from debilitating C. diff, enabling them to lead happy and healthy lives.
Rats fed high-fructose diets exhibit disturbances in autonomic nervous and cardiovascular systems, increasing risk of chronic diseases like diabetes and obesity. Fructose consumption by parents is also associated with impaired physiological regulation of their offspring's cardiovascular system.
Researchers will analyze publicly available data using machine learning and computational methods to identify key species in a healthy microbial community. They plan to use this information to design a healthy microbiome model and assess its response to diseases, which could lead to targeted therapies and improved medication absorption.
A new study by the University of Plymouth reveals that chlorine disinfectants used in hospitals are no more effective at killing off hospital superbugs than water. The research highlights the need for alternative strategies to tackle Clostridioides difficile, which causes diarrhoea, colitis and other bowel complications globally.
A large-scale prospective study identified significant variations in the gut microbiome of individuals who developed pre-cancerous colonic lesions. These findings suggest that the microbiome could act as a valuable tool to improve existing tests, advancing early detection methods for colorectal cancer.