Articles tagged with Cancer Cells
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A national clinical trial found that oxybutynin significantly reduced hot flash frequency and quality of life for men undergoing hormone therapy for prostate cancer. The study showed substantial improvements in hot flash symptoms, often within the first week of treatment.
Researchers developed an AI tool called ONCO-ACS to predict the risk of secondary heart attacks in cancer patients after a heart attack. The tool combines cancer-related factors with standard clinical data to provide reliable information for doctors to balance treatment benefits and harms.
Researchers identify a protein, PAF15, as a natural brake that prevents DNA replication from becoming overloaded and protects cells from the replication catastrophe. In cancer cells, high levels of PAF15 may create a vulnerability for targeting rapidly dividing tumor cells.
Researchers identified a targetable driver of brain metastases in inflammatory breast cancer, promoting tumor invasion and triggering brain inflammation via the CXCR2 signaling pathway. Targeting sEcad or the CXCR2 pathway may treat or prevent brain metastasis.
Researchers developed miniature 3D tumor organoid models that closely mimic the human brain, revealing how glioblastoma interacts with surrounding brain cells and immune system. The models identified PTPRZ1 as a key regulator of tumor behavior, which helps determine its aggressiveness.
Researchers identify acetylation as a fine cellular regulatory mechanism that affects pyruvate kinase function and stability. The study reveals isoform-specific regulation of PKM by acetylation, which helps understand how cancer cells proliferate.
Cancer researchers have identified a key mechanism by which cancer cells protect themselves from the immune system. The study found that MYC protein can bind to RNA molecules, eliminating alarm signals that would activate the immune defense.
Researchers found that cancer's powerful genetic on switches, called super-enhancers, drive intense gene activity, causing DNA breaks and stress. This can lead to accumulation of mutations over time, fueling cancer's evolution.
Georgetown University researchers discovered a method to enhance the function of T cells, making them more effective in killing cancer cells. By inhibiting PARP, an enzyme that detects DNA abnormalities, scientists can boost the body's immune response against tumors.
Researchers combined Dynamic Optical Contrast Imaging (DOCI) with machine learning to identify thyroid cancer during surgery. The AI analysis framework accurately classified samples across three categories and generated tumor probability maps for precise location identification.
Two studies found that elevated bacteria levels in tumors weaken immune response, driving resistance to immunotherapy. Researchers are now exploring how to identify patients most likely to benefit from immunotherapy and develop targeted interventions to restore its effectiveness.
A new study from Texas A&M University reveals that circadian disruptions change the structure of mammary glands, weaken immune defenses, and fuel aggressive breast cancer. Disabling an immune checkpoint molecule called LILRB4 helps restore the immune system's ability to fight back.
Researchers from A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology discovered that Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) reliably marks gastric cancer stem cells, which drive tumour growth, spread, and recurrence. Eliminating these cells prevents tumours from growing, even in advanced disease with organ metastasis.
Researchers at Kyoto University identified five molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer stem cells and developed a practical prognostic indicator, the general colorectal cancer signature (GCS), to predict patient outcomes. The GCS was validated with a novel orthotopic xenograft mouse model and showed promising clinical significance.
A team at Penn State has developed a novel approach to treating bladder cancer using bacterial mixtures, known as microbial product cocktail immunotherapy. This method uses AI to personalize the treatment for each patient and has shown promising results in mice with bladder cancer, more than doubling long-term cancer survival rates.
Dr Aldona Mzyk's project uses quantum sensors to track how immune cells interact with tumours, enabling the development of improved patient-tailored cancer therapies and earlier diagnosis tools. The research aims to overcome current cancer immunotherapies' failure in solid tumours by controlling metabolic changes.
A global study found that patients with mature nodal T-cell lymphoma who relapsed within 12 months of initial treatment had worse survival outcomes, but improved survival when treated with targeted therapies instead of chemotherapy. The results suggest the need for personalized treatment strategies for high-risk patients.
Researchers from Okayama University and Tohoku University have identified a promising way to breach the physical and biochemical barrier created by fibrosis in pancreatic cancer. By blocking collagen signaling through DDR1, they improve drug delivery and enhance treatment response.
Researchers at OIST have discovered that certain cancers can 'lose their sense of time' to avoid cellular stress responses. The study highlights the role of USP28 in stabilizing p53, a known tumor suppressor, and how mutations in this protein can disrupt its function.
Researchers mapped NBCn1's structure-function properties to understand how breast cancer cells thrive in hostile environments. The study provides insights into the protein's dynamics and ion transport pathways, paving the way for designing drugs that target this transporter.
Researchers discovered that certain cancers rely on an emergency DNA repair mechanism called break-induced replication to survive. By understanding how this mechanism works, scientists can develop targeted therapies to selectively kill cancer cells while leaving normal cells intact.
A specific protein, RASH3D19, activates the RAS signaling pathway involved in aggressive tumor growth and resistance to KRAS inhibitors. Blocking RASH3D19 improves outcomes in preclinical models, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy.
Researchers developed a new approach using the microbial protein Archaerhodopsin-3 to induce apoptosis in cancer cells, leading to significant tumor shrinkage when exposed to green light. The findings, published by Okayama University, show great potential for this light-activated molecule as a novel cancer therapy.
Researchers discovered that synthetic stress hormone dexamethasone can combat therapy-resistant breast cancer metastases in mice trials. The drug activates the glucocorticoid receptor, suppressing estrogen receptor production and slowing tumor growth. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings in patients with breast cancer.
Weill Cornell Medicine researchers have discovered a molecular signal that tumors exploit to exhaust T cells meant to destroy them. By silencing this signal, the body's immunity can be revived and cancer-fighting immune cells restored.
Researchers have shown that disabling the NRF2 gene with CRISPR technology can restore drug sensitivity and slow tumor growth in lung cancer. The approach, which targets a master switch for resistance, has potential across multiple tumor types.
A new computational tool called DeepTarget predicts direct and indirect targets of cancer drugs, revealing that small molecules can have different targets and effects depending on the disease and cell type. The study demonstrates the tool's superior performance in real-world scenarios, highlighting its potential to accelerate drug deve...
Researchers found that apalutamide and finasteride effectively suppressed AML progression in mice and patient-derived cells by inhibiting the androgen hormone pathway. The study provides a novel targetable pathway for leukemia patients, offering a promising new direction for treatment.
Researchers discovered that pancreatic tumors form pseudosynapses, exploiting the body's nervous system to drive tumor growth. Calcium waves triggered by glutamate binding promote metastasis and cancer progression.
Researchers discovered a new subtype of DLBCL, 'Mann-type DLBCL', which is characterized by the presence of a specific sugar called mannose. This sugar promotes the survival and growth of cancer cells, making them resistant to conventional treatments.
Researchers have discovered how key molecules coordinate chromosome alignment in cell division. Dual inhibition of KIF18A and CENP-E selectively kills cancer cells, suggesting a new therapeutic avenue for cancer treatment. This study highlights the importance of targeting specific proteins to develop more effective anticancer therapies.
Researchers at Arizona State University discovered that SerpinB3 plays a natural role in the body's wound-healing process, helping skin recover after damage. The protein helps activate keratinocytes to rebuild tissue and improve skin strength.
Researchers have discovered a new way to understand cancer and its vulnerabilities by targeting FSP1, a protein that helps cancer cells survive. The study found that FSP1 inhibitors can effectively reduce the growth of metastatic melanoma cells in lymph nodes.
Researchers at University of Miami Miller School of Medicine have developed a new combination therapy that shrinks tumors, reduces cancer stem cells and reprograms immune environment to combat hormone-resistant breast cancer. The triple therapy approach targets tumor-associated macrophages, which act like bodyguards for cancer cells.
Scientists at Wake Forest University School of Medicine have discovered a new way to kill cancer cells by blocking their ability to clean up harmful waste. By inhibiting peroxiredoxin-3, researchers found that toxic levels of hydrogen peroxide overwhelm cancer cells, destroying them.
Researchers at Mass General Brigham have developed a strategy to promote antitumor immunity by inducing cancer cells to produce an immune-activating molecule. This approach was shown to reduce tumor growth and improve survival in mouse models of aggressive melanoma, with potential applications beyond cancer therapies.
A University of Delaware student's unexpected rise as a researcher led to critical new insights into human papillomavirus (HPV) and its role in cancer. The study found that specific mutations in HPV proteins may increase cancer risk, paving the way for improved approaches to diagnosing and treating HPV-related cancers.
A new study led by Johns Hopkins Medicine has shown that targeted radiation during surgery can reduce pancreatic cancer recurrence rates to 5%. By targeting the 'Baltimore triangle' near the pancreas, researchers were able to eliminate cancer cells and prevent recurrences.
Researchers at HUN-REN Szegedi Biológiai Kutatóközpont have developed an AI-powered platform for automated 3D cell culture analysis, enabling high-precision screening of cellular models. The technology removes the limitation of throughput in personalized medicine, allowing for fast and accurate analysis of clinical samples.
Researchers found that tumor-associated macrophages produce acetate through a metabolic interaction involving lactate and the lipid peroxidation–ALDH2 pathway. This acetate promotes histone H3 acetylation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, enhancing metastasis.
A new study by Texas A&M University Health Science Center reveals how TFE3 oncofusions hijack RNA to build liquid-like hubs that promote cancer growth. The researchers also created a molecular switch to dissolve these hubs, cutting off tumor growth at its source.
Scientists at UCL have engineered γδT cells to kill slow-growing bowel cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy. The supercharged cells outperformed regular cells, surviving longer and killing cancer cells even when they couldn't be targeted by chemotherapy.
The research team developed a unique alginate-collagen interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel system that mimics the mechanical properties of tissues. Fibroblasts cultured on the hydrogels exhibited unprecedented behavioral patterns, including cell aggregation and reprogramming-related gene expression upregulation. The positive feedba...
Researchers at UT Austin have developed a new cancer treatment that uses LED light and SnOx nanoflakes to precisely target cancer cells without harming healthy ones. The treatment achieved remarkable effectiveness in neutralizing colorectal and skin cancer cells, with up to 92% kill rate in just 30 minutes of exposure.
A multi-institutional study found that serially testing tumor samples can detect immune system activation in recurrent glioblastoma even when traditional imaging measures cannot. The researchers used multi-omic analysis and integrated data from various sources to show positive changes in the tumor microenvironment over time.
Joanna Wardwell-Ozgo, a Kennesaw State assistant professor, received a $720,000 NIH grant to investigate the hormonal control of cancer. She aims to understand how hormones affect cellular growth and development, with potential implications for disease mechanisms.
A team at Lund University has discovered a surface protein, SLAMF6, that helps leukemia cells evade the immune system. The researchers developed an antibody to block this mechanism, restoring the immune system's ability to kill cancer cells in laboratory trials and mice.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University discovered a novel way to boost the natural immune system, which prevents cancer recurrence and improves survival rates. The study used immune-activating agents to stimulate killer T cells and induce the formation of tumor-specific IgG antibodies.
Scientists have created a high-potency IRE1 inhibitor with a unique inhibition mode that targets the unfolded protein response in cancer cells. This compound binds to the kinase pocket of IRE1, allosterically suppressing its RNAse activity and restoring proper protein folding.
Researchers at UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center identify IGF2BP3 as a master switch linking cancer metabolism and RNA regulation in leukemia cells. The protein shifts energy breakdown and RNA modifications to support cell survival and multiplication.
A joint team from The University of Osaka revealed that soft particles exhibit unique focusing patterns compared to rigid particles, influencing their focusing behavior. The study provides fundamental insights into the underlying physics, offering a new theoretical model explaining particle behavior under various flow regimes.
Researchers have discovered how Fusobacterium nucleatum binds to human cell receptors CEACAM1 and CEACAM5, which are frequently overexpressed on many types of cancer cells. This binding mechanism is crucial for developing novel antitumor therapies.
Researchers found that glioblastoma cells in clusters are less deadly than those that disperse from these clusters. The dispersed cells are more plastic and resistant to therapy, making them a major contributor to treatment resistance and poor patient outcomes.
Researchers at Graz University of Technology created a highly detailed digital twin of the A549 lung cancer cell line, paving the way for individualized cancer treatment. The model simulates calcium dynamics and electrical voltages, allowing for testing of drugs and personalized treatment strategies.
Scientists used long-read whole-genome sequencing to analyze methylation patterns in urine DNA, identifying bladder cancer. The approach outperformed existing tests in detecting cancer even at low tumour DNA levels.
Researchers at Salk Institute and UC San Diego have identified a unique sugar called HSAT as a potential therapeutic target for slowing tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Boosting HSAT levels may slow the formation and spread of pancreatic cancer, leading to improved survival rates among patients.
Armida Labs will use the funding to advance preclinical studies of Targefrin, a potential clinical candidate for pancreatic and other cancers. The grant aims to develop an anti-metastatic agent that targets the EphA2 protein, which drives cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
A team of Japanese researchers has identified shootin1b as a protein that promotes cell migration in glioblastoma, the most common and difficult-to-treat brain tumor. By suppressing abnormal activity of shootin1b, the study suggests a potential target for preventing glioblastoma spread.
A new computational tool called scODIN simplifies single-cell analysis by automating cell type identification in scRNA-seq data. It allows users to define specific cell subsets at different levels of detail and recognizes cells with intermediate phenotypes or transitional states, capturing complexity missed by traditional methods.
A new study from Mizzou's College of Veterinary Medicine analyzed the effects of radioactive iodine therapy on thyroid cancer in dogs. The research found that tailoring the dose of radiation more precisely for each dog could improve outcomes and potentially lead to more targeted care.