A new numerical method for binary asteroid systems uses Hamel's variational integrators to preserve symplectic structure and Lie group geometric properties. Simulation results show improved energy conservation and orthogonality preservation compared to existing methods.
A new technique has identified stars that have consumed planets, revealing that stable systems like the Solar System may be less common than thought. The technique analyzes the abundance of beryllium, a rare chemical element, and has opened a new window into studying planetary system evolution.
A research team at Osaka Metropolitan University mapped molecular gas throughout Stephan's Quintet, a nearby group of interacting galaxies. They found that regions with turbulent gas formed stars less efficiently, even with abundant gas present. Turbulence prevents gas from settling and collapsing, creating fewer opportunities for star...
Researchers propose a new numerical method for binary asteroid systems, achieving numerical accuracy and structure preservation. The method outperforms existing methods in energy conservation and orthogonality preservation, making it suitable for long-term predictions and planetary defense mission planning.
Astronomers discover that massive galaxies in the early universe contain more small stars than expected, challenging current understanding of galaxy formation. The study uses NASA's James Webb Space Telescope to reveal the hidden mass of low-mass stars in these galaxies.
Researchers from the University of Missouri discovered that the ratio of large and small stars in distant galaxies depends on their environment, potentially altering how scientists estimate galaxy mass and age. This breakthrough could lead to more accurate estimates and a better understanding of the universe's history.
The SDSS-V survey has released its twentieth public data release (DR20), providing a massive catalog of high-quality spectra of stars across the Milky Way. The dataset includes over two million total spectra, revealing temperatures, ages, and chemical compositions of stars.
Researchers employed terahertz time-domain spectroscopy to investigate oxygen-vacancy migration in amorphous ZrO2 films, revealing its critical role in conductivity and polarization behavior. The study establishes a physical framework for understanding ferroelectric-like phenomena in amorphous oxide materials.
Researchers directly observed four white dwarf stars orbiting double star systems in our cosmic backyard. The new results revealed that each system had a red dwarf companion, which was hiding the white dwarf's light. This discovery allows researchers to update the local white dwarf census within 20 parsecs of Earth.
Researchers have discovered that young sea stars' hollow tube develops into their later organs, similar to human embryonic development. By comparing the development of hydro-vascular organs across different species, scientists hope to better understand how organs form and maintain their shape.
Researchers at Xidian University have developed a photonic spiking hashing framework that generates stable binary codes for fast similarity retrieval. The approach overcomes challenges in implementing hashing retrieval in physical photonic hardware, achieving reliable performance on image and text retrieval tasks.
A new review article argues that forensic anthropology has been hindered by outdated and harmful methods that perpetuate a male/female binary. The authors call for sex-expansive practices that reflect human biocultural variation and affirm LGBTQIA+ livelihoods.
Astronomers have discovered a new millisecond pulsar named PSR J1810−0623, featuring an exceptionally circular orbit. This discovery provides valuable information about binary evolution processes and the Galactic magnetic field structure.
New simulations show that a magnetic field can decrease the distance between forming binary protostars, explaining observed characteristics of Milky Way binary star systems. This process also gives insights into massive black hole evolution and merger formation.
Astronomers have found strong evidence that young red dwarf stars can swallow their own nearby planets. The study, published in Monthly Notices of the Astronomical Society, suggests that six different red dwarfs had engulfed Earth-like rocky planets, providing a fresh burst of lithium to their atmospheres.
The LHAASO collaboration has detected ultra-high-energy (UHE) gamma rays from a gamma-ray binary system, LS I +61° 303. The discovery suggests that high-energy protons are accelerated and collide with the dense surrounding stellar wind, producing these UHE gamma rays. This finding provides critical evidence for gamma-ray binaries as po...
New research from McMaster University challenges existing theories of planet formation around mid-to-late M dwarfs. The study found that sub-Neptunes almost completely disappear around these stars, hosting many super-Earths instead. This suggests that water-rich worlds may be more common in these systems.
Astronomers using astroseismology have found that massive stars' rotation rates decrease with age, but a new study suggests this may not be the case. The research team used 3D simulations to investigate how magnetic fields affect rotation inside massive stars, revealing that some configurations can spin the core up.
Hang Yu, a MSU assistant professor, has been awarded the National Science Foundation's CAREER award to study binary neutron stars and create more accurate theoretical models for gravitational wave signals. His work aims to reveal new signatures of these signals and test neutron star physics to accuracy.
A Mississippi State physicist has achieved a significant scientific advancement by producing a direct laboratory measurement of a key nuclear reaction believed to occur during explosive bursts on neutron stars. These reactions forge heavier elements, including oxygen and iron, which are essential for planet formation and life.
A team of astrophysicists offers a new explanation for negative superhumps in cataclysmic variable star systems, proposing an eccentric accretion disk model. This theory explains the prevalence of negative superhumps across a wide range of binary star masses and may also explain positive superhumps in high mass ratio systems.
The Small Magellanic Cloud's stars do not orbit around its center due to a direct collision with the Large Magellanic Cloud. The collision disrupted the SMC's internal structure and destroyed its gas rotation, making it a unique case to study galaxy evolution.
Researchers found our Sun joined a mass migration of similar stars 4-6 billion years ago, shedding light on galaxy evolution and the corotation barrier. The discovery reveals the time range over which the bar structure at the galactic center was formed.
Astronomers detect rare cosmic burst from colliding galaxies, which sheds light on how the universe creates heavy elements like gold and platinum. The burst, known as GRB 230906A, is believed to have been triggered by the collision of two neutron stars, releasing a flood of energy and forging heavy elements.
Asteroids in binary systems actively exchange rocks and dust through gentle, slow-motion collisions, reshaping them over millions of years. The DART mission's findings confirm the YORP effect, where sunlight makes small asteroids spin faster, causing material to fly off their surfaces.
Scientists have made a major breakthrough in understanding how neutron stars respond to tidal forces, enabling them to infer their internal composition. By analyzing gravitational wave signals, researchers can 'hear' what's happening inside the stars and determine the presence of heavy elements, free electrons, and other exotic matter.
Researchers at Nagoya University found that magnetic fields keep the equator spinning faster than the poles in stars, preventing a rotation flip even as they slow down with age. This contradicts 45 years of theoretical predictions and could help scientists solve stellar mysteries.
Researchers propose a new way to observe tightly bound supermassive black hole binaries using gravitational lensing and starlight. The method could reveal key properties of the underlying black hole binary, including masses and orbital evolution.
The absence of exoplanets orbiting tight binary stars is attributed to the effects of general relativity, which causes gravitational tugs from the stars to make a planet's orbit precess. This process makes it difficult for close-in planets to survive, with 75% being destroyed due to tidal disruptions or ejection from the system.
Researchers from ICCUB led the most extensive observational study of runaway massive stars in the Milky Way, combining measurements of rotation speeds and binarity. The results reveal that most runaway stars rotate slowly, while those with high velocities are linked to supernova explosions or gravitational ejection.
A team of international astronomers, including HKU researchers, have uncovered evidence that some fast radio burst sources reside in binary stellar systems. They detected a distinctive signal revealing the presence of a nearby companion star orbiting an FRB source.
A recent study suggests that dark stars could provide solutions to three pressing puzzles of the high-redshift universe: blue monster galaxies, overmassive black hole galaxies, and little red dots. Dark stars form in dark matter-rich environments and can grow to become supermassive, complementing standard models of galaxy formation.
Astronomers have created a naturally occurring space weather station around complex periodic variable M dwarf stars to study the environment of planets. This discovery sheds new light on how stars affect their planets' makeup and might provide clues about the habitability of distant worlds.
Astronomers at Northwestern University have directly imaged a Tatooine-like exoplanet orbiting two suns, revealing unique insights into how planets form around multiple stars. The discovery provides an unprecedented look at the complex dynamics of binary systems and offers new opportunities to test theories of planet formation.
Researchers develop a new multivariate basic function secret sharing scheme that enhances communication cost and computation efficiency using oblivious transfer. The scheme reduces key size from O(λn^2) to O(λn), enabling faster computations.
A team from Maynooth University is using the Mauve telescope to investigate how stars and planets form, focusing on Herbig Ae/Be stars. The research aims to identify variability and search for signs of early planet formation.
Researchers at RIKEN successfully simulated the Milky Way Galaxy with over 100 billion individual stars, far surpassing previous state-of-the-art models. This achievement demonstrates the power of AI-accelerated simulations in tackling complex multi-scale problems in astrophysics and beyond.
Astronomers at UCL and the University of Warwick discovered that aging stars are destroying giant planets orbiting closest to them. The researchers analyzed nearly half a million stars and found that planets were less likely to occur around stars that had expanded and cooled enough to be classed as red giants.
Researchers discovered three Earth-sized planets in the binary stellar system TOI-2267, which defies conventional wisdom on planet formation in double-star environments. The unique planetary arrangement allows scientists to test their understanding of planetary architectures and stability.
A new study reveals that most massive stars in the early universe were born as binary systems, similar to those in our own galaxy. This finding provides the first strong evidence for the common existence of massive binary stars in the early universe, shaping black holes and supernovae.
Researchers have created a new model that shows how planet formation timing influences planetary composition and density. The study suggests that older, rocky planets are less dense than younger ones due to the varying lifetimes of stars.
Recent studies reveal a class of short period binary systems where white dwarfs are inflated and their surface temperatures can reach 10-30 thousand degrees Kelvin. Tidal forces can strongly influence the evolution of these stars, causing them to inflate and increase in temperature.
Researchers from Australian National University have detected binary stars in the outer regions of 47 Tucanae, a globular cluster in the Milky Way. This discovery sheds light on how these clusters formed and evolved over billions of years.
Recent study identifies four extremely distant objects consistent with supermassive dark stars, which could explain the formation of supermassive black holes. The presence of a 'smoking gun signature' absorption feature at 1640 Angstrom in one of the objects suggests their existence.
The Gaia space telescope has discovered a giant wave in the Milky Way galaxy, causing stars to wobble over vast distances. The wave stretches across a huge portion of the galactic disc, affecting stars up to 65 thousand light-years away from the centre.
Astronomers used Gaia's data to create the most accurate 3D map of star-forming regions in our galaxy, revealing the location and ionization of hot young stars. The map extends to 4000 light-years from us and includes detailed views of notable nebulae.
Researchers from Carnegie Mellon University found six million fake stars on GitHub, used to boost repository reputation and steal user data. The use of fake stars muddies the waters, making it challenging to differentiate between legitimate and malicious repositories.
Researchers at Kyoto University discovered that streamers of gas can feed young stars, potentially leading to the rapid formation of high-mass stars. The team used ALMA to observe a system with two streamers, which carried enough matter to quench feedback effects from the central star.
A team of astronomers has combined cluster and variable star data from the Gaia mission to create a new map of stellar life cycles. The study shows that at least one in five stars in clusters changes brightness over time, with young clusters hosting more variety of variable stars.
A study by researchers at UC Santa Barbara, Yale University and others found that a third of young stars have misaligned rotational axes with their protoplanetary disks. This challenges centuries-old assumptions about the alignment of stars and planets in our solar system and suggests that some stars may be born tilted.
Binary indium chalcogenides exhibit unique structural properties and excellent thermoelectric performance, making them valuable for research and applications. The review reveals the importance of mixed valence states and unconventional chemical bonds in regulating electron-phonon transport and achieving low lattice thermal conductivity.
Researchers detected sulfur in both gas and solid phases using data from the XRISM spacecraft, providing unprecedented insight into its presence in the universe. The findings are based on measurements of X-rays from two binary star systems and suggest that sulfur can easily change between these forms.
A recent study led by Heidelberg University astronomers has found that Earth-like planets are more common than previously thought around low-mass stars. The research team identified four new exoplanets, with the largest one having a mass 14 times greater than Earth and orbiting its host star in approximately 3.3 years.
A team of researchers has discovered that a specific radio signal can reveal the masses of the earliest stars, crucial for understanding the Cosmic Dawn. The study utilizes the 21-centimetre signal, created by hydrogen atoms filling gaps between star-forming regions, to inform predictions about future radio telescopes like REACH and SKA.
Researchers found that the Galactic Center's star-forming regions struggle to form high-mass stars, unlike typical star-forming regions, due to extreme conditions caused by the black hole. The study suggests these regions effectively produce just one generation of stars and lack sufficient material for continued formation.
A team of HKU astrophysicists has confirmed the existence of a retrograde planet in the nu Octantis binary star system, revealing the crucial role of binary star evolution in its origin. The discovery provides new insights into planetary formation and stellar evolution, particularly in tight binary systems with evolved stellar components.
Astrophysicist Kyu-Hyun Chae develops a new method to measure gravity with 3D velocities of wide binary stars, confirming modified gravity at low acceleration. The results show that standard gravity is outside the 99.997% probability range for internal accelerations below 1 nm/s^2.
Researchers developed binary phase-engraved (BiPE) superpixel CFM to overcome limitations of existing technology, enabling high-speed and high-efficiency complex field modulation. BiPE superpixels can utilize all incident light components, increasing optical efficiency.
Astronomers have identified a rare type of binary star system featuring a rapidly spinning millisecond pulsar and a helium star companion. The system is thought to have formed through common envelope evolution, with the neutron star spiraling closer to its companion before ejecting energy and leaving behind a tightly bound binary.
Researchers at ICRAR have found that galaxies forming stars rely on the location of atomic hydrogen gas, not its total amount. Higher-resolution observations allowed for unprecedented mapping of gas distribution in 1,000 galaxies.