Articles tagged with Nephrology
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Vertebral fractures are a devastating complication of advanced kidney disease, associated with increased risk of further fractures and cardiovascular events. The first global consensus statement offers practical recommendations for clinicians to identify and manage vertebral fractures in patients with chronic kidney disease stages G4–G5D.
A large-scale study found that adhering to the EAT–Lancet planetary health diet was significantly associated with a reduced risk of incident CKD. The diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, legumes, and limited consumption of added sugars and fats.
A population-based cohort study found that the cumulative incidence of scrotal surgery among male living kidney donors was 1 in 8 after 20 years, compared to 1 in 143 for non-donors. Most males who donate a kidney won't develop this complication, but it's essential to inform past and future donors about the risk and potential symptoms.
A study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that shift workers have a 15% higher risk of developing kidney stones, especially younger workers and those with low levels of manual labor. Lifestyle factors such as BMI, fluid intake, and smoking habits significantly contribute to the occurrence of kidney stones.
A retrospective cohort study found system-based disparities in pre-dialysis nephrology care contribute to 1/3 of incident vascular access disparities among Hispanics. Targeted policies are needed to improve timely identification and referrals for equitable improvements in kidney failure outcomes.
Two new studies from Karolinska Institutet investigate how somatic mutations in muscles and blood vessels affect ageing. The results show that such mutations can reduce muscle strength and accelerate blood vessel ageing.
Researchers have identified biomarkers that can predict and manage chronic kidney disease (CKD), offering a more nuanced understanding of patient disease progression and mortality risk. A combination of biomarkers, including sTNFR1 and hs-cTnT, were found to be comparable in predicting kidney failure and all-cause mortality.
A pilot clinical trial has been initiated to test the efficacy of alpelisib in treating Dent disease 2, a rare genetic disorder affecting kidney function. The trial aims to improve abnormal kidney function and potentially provide a breakthrough treatment for patients with life-threatening complications.
The CONFIDENCE trial demonstrates that combination therapy with finerenone and empagliflozin leads to significantly greater reductions in albuminuria than either agent alone. The study shows a 52% median reduction in urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, achieving the ADA-recommended target for 70% of patients.
A major international study found that deceased-donor kidney transplantation offers a consistent survival advantage with standard-criteria kidneys, but the benefit plateaus in older and high-risk recipients. The study used a robust target trial emulation framework to compare long-term survival between transplant patients and those on d...
Researchers at TUM developed an AI-powered algorithm to predict kidney damage in prostate cancer patients undergoing lutetium-177 PSMA therapy. Early detection could enable personalized treatment adjustments to prevent organ damage.
Researchers have identified six promising biomarkers that can detect drug-induced kidney injury earlier than traditional markers, enabling more timely monitoring during drug development. These biomarkers could lead to the development of safer medications and improve patient outcomes.
A study by Medical University of Vienna reveals high blood pressure can cause abnormalities in podocytes, specialized cells in the renal filter, before other conditions like diabetes. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent kidney damage.
The American College of Physicians updates its guidelines recommending SGLT2 inhibitors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) management, regardless of diabetes type. The new guidelines emphasize the importance of tailored care and suggest individualized risk-based approaches to predict kidney failure.
A new method combines traditional histopathology with spatial transcriptomics data to improve understanding of chronic kidney disease lesions at the cellular and molecular levels. This approach has the potential to identify new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for patients.
A 12-week randomized controlled trial found that IDPN using ENEFLUID increased energy intake from food and reduced hypoglycemia during dialysis, suggesting potential benefits for malnourished hemodialysis patients. However, the study did not demonstrate direct improvements in nutritional markers.
The RELIEF ureteral stent has achieved FDA clearance as the first and only stent to prevent vesicoureteral reflux. It features a unique suture design that allows natural opening and closing of the ureteral orifice, preventing reflux and discomfort.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have identified two types of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease, a liver-specific type and a systemic type that affects other organs. The discovery could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of this growing patient group, with potential benefits for cardiovascular health.
Research finds that Streptococcus mutans's collagen-binding protein may induce hematuria and IgA deposition in kidney disease, suggesting a potential pathogenic role. The study suggests a link between oral pathogens and renal lesions.
The C-Path initiative aims to generate drug development solutions that reflect each person's unique experience, leveraging diverse data and innovative technologies like AI and digital health. GEM-PD seeks to address unmet need in Parkinson's disease therapies by focusing on sex and gender differences.
A nationwide study in Japan reveals an increasing trend of overweight and obesity among patients with incident end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), mirroring the global obesity epidemic. Underweight individuals remain prevalent, presenting a dual challenge for public health strategies.
A study published in JAMA found that personalized recommendations for hospitalized patients with acute kidney injury did not improve outcomes. Despite higher implementation rates in the intervention group, worsening acute kidney injury stage, dialysis, or mortality remained unchanged.
A cohort study of children with vesicoureteral reflux found that glomerular filtration rate changes after urinary tract infections. The study used data from the Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux trial to assess estimated glomerular filtration rate changes in participants with vs without recurrent UTIs.
A new AI-powered model has been developed to predict kidney transplant outcomes with high accuracy, offering hope for more efficient organ allocation and improved patient outcomes. The tool, UK-DTOP, outperforms existing methods in predicting outcomes for deceased-donor kidney transplants.
Researchers from Aarhus University developed a new method to predict which patients with chronic kidney failure are at risk of losing kidney function over time. The method analyzes acid-base balances in urine samples, revealing early signs of acid buildup that can be harmful to kidney function.
Researchers have made a significant breakthrough in vasculitis research using AI-powered big data techniques, enabling more precise identification of disease patterns. The study offers new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of systemic vasculitis, a group of rare autoimmune diseases.
A new study published in Neurology found that acute kidney injury is associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. The study analyzed data from over 300,000 individuals and found a 49% higher risk of dementia overall, with significant increases for specific types of dementia such as Lewy body dementia and vascular dementia.
A UCLA-led team created a machine-learning model that can accurately predict short-term CRRT survival, providing a data-driven tool for clinical decision-making. The study aims to improve patient outcomes and resource use by serving as a basis for future clinical trials.
A groundbreaking study reveals semaglutide significantly reduces the risk of major kidney disease events, cardiovascular outcomes, and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Semaglutide also shows improved safety and efficacy profiles.
The DRIVE-RM consortium, led by UMC Utrecht, aims to develop smart materials that assist the body in healing and regenerate tissues and organs using regenerative medicine. The project focuses on treating chronic diseases such as heart failure, kidney failure, and worn joints.
A new digital tool, KDpredict, developed by University of Calgary scientists can more accurately predict the risks of kidney failure and death in adults with moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease. The tool uses four variables readily available in clinic practice to calculate one-to-five year risks of kidney failure and death.
The Kidney-CHAMP study found that the intervention helped primary care physicians identify and triage patients with kidney disease, improving patient access to specialists and educational materials. Despite a null result, the study's findings suggest that the framework is scalable and provides equitable access to healthcare.
Researchers discovered that participants with elevated TMAO blood levels were at increased risk for future development of chronic kidney disease, even after adjusting for other known risk factors. The study also found a faster rate of declining kidney function in people with normal or impaired kidney function.
A meta-analysis of 11 trials involving 78,607 patients found a 9% reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and a 14% reduction in cardiovascular death with SGLT2 inhibitors. The analysis showed consistent effects across patient groups and subgroups.
A nationwide study in Japan found an increase in the number of patients with incident renal replacement therapy due to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) from 2006 to 2021. The incidence rate increased in older age groups, peaking in 2018-2021.
A new University of Cincinnati study compares pregnancy rates in patients on two types of dialysis, finding a higher rate with home hemodialysis. The study found an overall pregnancy rate of almost 9 people per thousand, with black women and younger age associated with a higher likelihood of pregnancy.
A comprehensive review of targeted therapies for lupus nephritis discusses the challenges of current treatments and proposes strategies to overcome obstacles. Recent advancements in B-cell targeting and alternative approaches such as CAR-T cells are highlighted.
A clinical study found that a ketogenic diet can improve kidney function in patients with hereditary polycystic kidney disease. After three months, positive changes were seen in key parameters, with no unexpected side effects.
Researchers discovered that patients with FSGS who received sparsentan treatment experienced improved kidney function and reduced proteinuria, a key indicator of kidney damage. The study suggests sparsentan may be a potential new treatment option for the disorder, offering hope for patients affected by FSGS.
A new Japanese ecological study found that prefecture-specific SHC participation rates significantly negatively affect treated ESKD incidence and CKD prevalence. Higher SHC participation rates are associated with lower ESKD incidence, suggesting the importance of regular health checkups at a population level.
New research reveals that disrupted energy production in the kidneys contributes to progressive kidney disease in diabetes. Monitoring urinary lactate levels may help predict prognosis and guide management for diabetic kidney disease.
Over 75% of hospitalized AKI patients lack proper follow-up kidney health testing after discharge. Less than 25% have kidney function monitored with blood and urine tests within 90 days of discharge.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Kidney Diseases found that lower uromodulin levels are associated with a higher risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. Participants who experienced steeper declines in uromodulin also showed an increased risk of kidney failure.
A five-year, $6.15-million NIH grant has enabled six North Carolina institutions to collaborate on advancing the science of nephrology, hematology, and urology. The NC KUH TRIO Program aims to train the next generation of researchers and foster academic and professional development across disciplines and institutions.
A study of over 15,000 individuals with chronic kidney disease found that young age, Black race, and low education and income were linked to lower flu vaccine uptake. The study suggests that targeted vaccination efforts could improve uptake among those with kidney disease.
In a cohort study of 2,055 patients with glomerular diseases, COVID-19 vaccination did not worsen kidney damage or affect proteinuria. The data support vaccination for COVID-19 in patients with glomerular disease.
A recent study found that higher plant protein intake is associated with lower risk of chronic kidney disease. The UK Biobank study data revealed that participants consuming more plant-based protein had a reduced risk of developing CKD.
A study from Aarhus University reveals that PCSK9 regulates a receptor in the kidneys controlling protein excretion, leading to potential new treatment strategies for patients with kidney overloads. The researchers hope to further investigate the use of PCSK9 inhibitors in treating kidney diseases.
A new study finds that long-term disinvestment in health and wealth resources in historically redlined neighborhoods contributes to a disproportionate rate of kidney failure among Black adults. Redlining, the discriminatory federal housing policy from the 1930s, has been associated with current racial inequities in poor health outcomes.
Researchers at Penn Medicine discovered that maintaining nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) levels may protect against kidney disease. NAD supplements were shown to be effective in reversing NAD loss and suppressing inflammation in mouse kidneys, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for kidney disease prevention and treatment.
A study found that cystatin C-based eGFR was strongly correlated with creatinine-based eGFR and that 27% of patients would be classified as having a more severe chronic kidney stage based on cystatin C test results. The use of cystatin C can lead to changes in CKD staging, which can impact clinical management.
Researchers analyzed electronic health record data from over 7.1 million children to identify risk factors associated with a faster decline in kidney function, including disease origin, proteinuria, hypertension, and younger age. The study found that certain attributes are linked to a more rapid decline in kidney function, providing va...
Scientists at Duke-NUS Medical School and NHCS have discovered that blocking an immune-regulating protein called interleukin-11 enables damaged kidney cells to regenerate, restoring impaired kidney function. This breakthrough suggests a new approach for treating chronic kidney disease.
A recent study validated a remote access monitoring technology that predicts vascular access blockages in dialysis patients. The Vasc-Alert technology, developed by Henry Ford Hospital clinicians, shows promise in reducing thrombotic episodes and healthcare costs associated with dialysis access failures.
Researchers discovered that sugar plays a key role in the formation of fluid-filled cysts associated with polycystic kidney disease (PKD). By understanding this process, they identified a potential new approach to treating PKD, focusing on blocking sugar absorption in the kidneys.
A new Japanese study found a substantial rise in renal replacement therapy incidence due to nephrosclerosis, while rates for diabetic nephropathy decreased. The number of patients with nephrosclerosis as a primary kidney disease is increasing, suggesting age-specific incidence rate increases
The 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics guideline shows higher levels of proteinuria in children with hypertensive range blood pressure. Clinicians should re-calculate BP percentiles using the new guidelines to accurately diagnose and treat hypertension in pediatric chronic kidney disease.
Regular follow-up clinic visits with a nephrologist after hospital discharge significantly reduce mortality risk in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). This study found that such visits, focusing on cardiovascular disease and kidney complications management, lead to lower mortality rates by 29% compared to standard care.
A study of 510 children with chronic kidney disease found that declining hemoglobin levels were associated with significant growth impairment even when above guideline-targeted levels. Lower hemoglobin values are linked to poorer growth, independent of kidney function and age.
Researchers found that a one-year increase in retinal age was associated with a 10% higher risk of incident kidney failure over 11 years. Retinal age gap, a non-invasive biomarker based on retinal imaging, may help identify people at elevated risk for kidney failure.