Articles tagged with Neutrophils
Dysregulated neutrophils may play a key role in persistent low-grade inflammation seen in chronic coronary syndrome. Researchers found that neutrophils from patients with stable coronary artery disease do not die as they should, persisting and remaining highly active.
Researchers discovered lupus-associated inflammatory signals reprogram white blood cells to produce less effective antibacterial response. Hydroxychloroquine and anifrolumab therapies restore neutrophil function in killing bacteria.
A study by Kumamoto University researchers reveals a hidden communication network between the skin and bone marrow that drives psoriatic inflammation. This pathway highlights a crucial role for neutrophils in fueling psoriatic flare-ups, suggesting a promising new target for future therapies.
A new study by researchers at UCL and GOSH found that the infant airway itself ramps up the immune response, causing damage to lungs. The team tested antiviral drugs, finding that RSV604 calmed the overactive immune response, reducing inflammation levels.
Researchers have discovered that immune cells, specifically neutrophils, use neurotransmitters like dopamine and adrenaline to communicate in real-time. This finding has significant implications for understanding the regulation of the immune system.
Researchers identified a previously unrecognized immune system pathway that connects cigarette smoking to cardiovascular disease. Cigarette smoke activates immune cells, triggering widespread inflammation throughout the body and accelerating plaque buildup in arteries.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet found that neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, can dampen the effect of immunotherapy in cancer treatment. When neutrophils were absent, several immunotherapies became more effective, leading to increased T-cell activation and tumor shrinkage.
A new study found that an elevated NLR is significantly associated with both long-term and short-term risk of Alzheimer's and dementia. High NLRs were more prevalent among Hispanic patients and women, suggesting potential genetic or social factors at play.
Researchers propose an integrative framework to explain sepsis-induced granulopoiesis shift. Immature neutrophils exacerbate tissue damage and contribute to immune paralysis. Precision interventions targeting metabolic pathways and biomarker-guided stratification are suggested.
Researchers found that methylene blue can reverse brain damage caused by cerebral malaria and identified a nine-gene blood signature to diagnose the disease. The study's findings offer new clues on immune processes involved in brain injury and suggest potential for early intervention and clearer treatment decisions.
Researchers found that glioblastoma causes skull bone erosion, alters immune-cell balance in skull marrow, and interferes with the body's immune response. The cancer was found to be more aggressive when treated with drugs intended to inhibit skull-bone loss.
Researchers have identified a key immunoregulatory mechanism in aspergillosis, where the dendritic cell receptor limits the host's response to fungal infections. Neutrophils play a crucial role in clearing fungal hyphae, and Dcir regulates their degranulation activity, which is essential for killing pathogens.
A novel drug target, CD300a, has been identified to suppress immune cell activation and prevent chronic heart and kidney failure after acute tissue injury. The treatment preserves cardiac function and reduces renal fibrosis in mice with genetic deficiency of CD300a.
Researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo found that basophils suppress lung inflammation during ARDS recovery, suggesting potential treatment strategies. Basophils release interleukin-4, which helps immune cells coordinate responses and alleviate lung inflammation.
Researchers found that immature neutrophils migrate into inflamed tissues upon stimulation by interferon-γ, suppressing inflammation and reducing tissue damage. In humans, these cells also produce interleukin-10, which increases in the blood of COVID-19 patients.
New research reveals neutrophils' complex role in cancer, with both pro-tumor and anti-tumor effects. Understanding their plasticity is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies that harness their anti-tumor potential.
A recent study reveals that lactate-induced mitochondrial calcium uptake 3 aggravates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury by promoting neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. The study found that MICU3-mediated mitochondrial calcium uptake leads to mitophagy and NET activation.
A study reveals that metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can be toxic to mice, causing disruptions in blood cell formation and immune balance. The researchers found that the MOFs suppressed production of certain cells but also triggered a rebound effect, leading to increased inflammation.
A study from The University of Osaka found that specific white blood cells and an inflammation protein can predict relapse of autoimmune blood vessel disease. Researchers analyzed neutrophils in patients' blood to identify a subpopulation involved in disease progression.
Researchers discovered that lipid accumulation promotes immune suppression and therapy resistance in triple negative breast cancer. Blocking Omega-6 fatty acid intake reversed treatment resistance. Disrupting lipid droplet formation also resensitized tumors to chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
A new study in The Journal of Immunology reveals how a high-fat diet can impair the immune system's ability to respond to infection. Male mice fed a high-fat diet exhibited impaired neutrophil function, including reduced bacterial killing capacity and abnormal gene expression.
Researchers have identified a type of immune cell that produces extracellular matrix, strengthening the skin's defensive function and maintaining its integrity. This discovery may lead to new strategies for treating skin diseases, inflammation, diabetes, and age-related conditions.
This study investigated the effects of Shenfu Decoction on neutrophil chemotactic function in septic mice. The results showed that Shenfu Decoction improved neutrophil chemotaxis function, decreased P2X1 receptor expression, and increased CXCR1 and CXCR2 receptor expression.
Researchers found a previously unknown mechanism for how aggressive brain cancers reprogram immune system cells. By inhibiting glucose metabolism and lactate accumulation, they eliminated the neutrophils' ability to suppress immune responses.
A preclinical trial has uncovered how beta-glucan can 'reprogram' immune cells to prevent lung inflammation and reduce the risk of illness and death from influenza. The study's findings highlight beta-glucan as a promising therapy for influenza and other emerging viral pathogens.
A study from the University of Gothenburg found that testosterone increases damage following a heart attack by increasing white blood cell release from bone marrow. This affects both men and women, but has a greater impact on male hearts.
A new study explains how scratching aggravates inflammation and swelling in a type of eczema called allergic contact dermatitis. Scratching activates mast cells, which drive itchiness and inflammation, but also triggers the release of substance P, which protects against bacteria.
A prospective cohort study of 168 pregnant women found the neutrophil elastase test to be a strong predictor of preterm delivery, with high sensitivity and negative predictive value. The test showed promise as a screening tool for predicting preterm births in women with premature labor.
A recent study from Trinity researchers uncovers the mechanisms behind COVID-19 disease severity, highlighting the critical role of low-density neutrophils. The findings suggest that lingering immune abnormalities after recovery could contribute to long-term health effects or complications.
Researchers found that imbalances in neutrophil extracellular traps are associated with portal vein thrombosis in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. High histone-DNA levels and low DNase activity were identified as independent risk factors for PVT.
A newly developed compound, MOD06051, targets neutrophils and reduces harmful inflammation in rat models. This approach differs from current treatments that may have broader immunosuppressive effects, offering a safer alternative.
Researchers found that targeting neutrophils' metabolic process, glycolysis, reduces NET formation and subsequent blood clots in APS patients. The strategy doesn't increase bleeding risks.
A new index uses inflammatory cell proportions to predict tissue healing and outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis. The index, called the inflammatory cell enumeration index (ICEI), was developed by analyzing data from 220 patients who achieved healing.
A recent study published in The Open Sports Sciences Journal found that Ascorbic acid supplementation reduced exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in healthy women. The supplement also increased plasma ascorbic acid levels and reduced post-exercise MDA levels, suggesting a potential protective effect against muscle injury.
A study from Michigan Medicine reveals a connection between neutrophil activation and severe cytokine release syndrome (CRS), a potentially life-threatening reaction to CAR T-Cell therapy. Researchers identified biomarkers of NETosis, a process in which neutrophils create webs that may contribute to CRS.
Researchers at Kobe University have discovered a new method to inhibit streptococcal infections by using aggregates of the non-toxic molecule Mn007. The study found that aggregates of Mn007 significantly reduce bacterial growth, suggesting potential as an effective treatment for toxic shock syndrome.
Researchers uncover how tuberculosis infection drives excessive inflammation in the lungs by activating neutrophils. Targeting neutrophils could lead to new therapies for TB treatment, potentially reducing antibiotic-resistant cases.
Researchers have demonstrated that attaching 'empty' backpacks to neutrophils activates them against cancer. The treated neutrophils infused into mice with cancer activated other immune cells and reduced tumor size. This technique is attractive as a 'drug-free' cell therapy for cancer.
A new study suggests that many cases of neonatal neutropenia may originate from suppression of fetal blood-forming stem cells by maternal interleukin 10. This immune deficiency greatly increases a newborn's susceptibility to infection, leading to serious health complications and even death.
Researchers found that neutrophils can adopt specialized functional states to present antigens to activate potent cancer-killing T cells. This discovery has significant implications for cancer diagnosis and treatment, potentially harnessing the diverse hidden identities of neutrophils.
Researchers found that cancer reprograms neutrophils to promote tumour growth, enabling targeted therapeutic approaches. By understanding this process, scientists can develop new treatments to block tumour growth and improve clinical outcomes for cancer patients.
Scientists have deciphered the assembly process of flower-like nuclei in neutrophils, a type of white blood cell. This discovery enables potential therapeutic applications by guiding the development of new nuclear shapes to combat diseases.
A novel study has implicated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in both bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity, making it a promising therapeutic candidate. G-CSF deficiency was shown to protect against these diseases, suggesting wide-ranging protection.
Researchers have created an 'immune cell map' that reveals the origin of neutrophils' subcellular response to microbes. The study found that a specific type of glycoprotein is responsible for the restricted subcellular origin, and this discovery may lead to refined personalized immune responses.
Research found ginger consumption makes neutrophils more resistant to NETosis, a process that contributes to inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Ginger supplementation also boosted chemical levels in neutrophils, inhibiting NETosis in response to disease-relevant stimuli.
Researchers at UCalgary have found that Leishmania parasites exploit immune cells by targeting receptors to gain access and resist elimination, leading to stalled apoptosis and hindered vaccination efforts.
A new study found that pregnancy causes a shift in the types of immune cells present in a woman's blood, with neutrophils increasing dramatically. This discovery provides a 'normal reference' for studying immune changes during pregnancy and may have implications for understanding diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
UofL researchers, led by Jun Yan, will investigate the causes of immune system overresponse in COVID-19 patients, leading to severe lung disease and death. They aim to develop methods to predict, prevent or control this response with potential treatments for other conditions.
A study reveals that neutrophils destroy liver cells undergoing apoptosis by burrowing into them, contradicting previous beliefs about their role in immune responses. The findings also suggest that a lack of neutrophils may contribute to human autoimmune liver disease.
Researchers found that neutrophils can be pro- or anti-tumour depending on their surface markers, and those fighting tumours share cytotoxic power with neutrophils in bacterial infections. Blocking these anti-tumour neutrophils eliminates treatment benefits.
Researchers found that neutrophils activated by T cell-based immunotherapy can kill tumor cells that evade targeted therapies. This unexpected antitumor response could lead to new immunotherapies that harness this potent immune mechanism.
Sylvester researchers have identified a signaling circuit that instigates immunosuppression and tumor-promoting inflammation in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, driving treatment resistance. Immature neutrophils are found to play a critical role in this process.
Researchers have discovered that Yersinia pseudotuberculosis triggers the formation of granulomas in the intestines to control bacterial infections. Monocytes play a crucial role in recruiting neutrophils and launching the formation of these immune cells, which help combat the infection.
Researchers at Garvan Institute of Medical Research found that introducing bacteria to a tumor's microenvironment triggers an immune response, activating neutrophils to destroy tumors in animal models. This breakthrough therapy targets neutrophils to improve cancer treatment outcomes.
Researchers at Kyoto University found that neutrophils instruct macrophages to form a bacteria-permissive microenvironment, which could have implications for cancer treatment. The study suggests that A9, an enzyme expressed in neutrophils, may play a key role in this process.
A study by North Carolina State University found that PFAS chemical GenX and another chemical, PFHxA, can suppress the neutrophil respiratory burst, a method used by white blood cells to kill invading pathogens. The research highlights the potential toxic effects of PFAS on the human immune system.
A recent study by Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at TUM found that a pungent ginger compound puts immune cells on heightened alert. The compound, [6]-gingerol, stimulates white blood cells via the TRPV1 receptor, which plays a role in the perception of painful heat stimuli and spiciness.
A new analysis of NETosis from Dompé farmaceutici puts a spotlight on neutrophils in carcinogenesis. Neutrophils' behavior is modulated by extracellular vesicles and interleukin-8, leading to tumor progression and drug resistance. Targeting IL-8 and EVs may lead to novel drugs to regulate neutrophil biology.
Researchers discovered that viral infections like SARS-CoV-2 and influenza destroy a natural immunity needed to resist fungal infections. This leads to impaired cooperation between white blood cells, allowing fungi to take root. The study reveals potential repurposing of current therapies to replace damaged antibodies.
Researchers used zebrafish to study an inflammatory lipid called 5-oxoETE, which plays a role in airway inflammation and neutrophil response. The study identified the 5-oxoETE/OXER1 pathway as an important immune pathway that may prevent some cancers.