Articles tagged with Commerce
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame examines the prevalence, determinants and consequences of cheap stock options. The research found that firms granting more options, having larger public offerings and venture capital backing tend to have greater gaps between IPO prices and exercise prices.
The book sheds light on the often-ignored contributions of women in economics, highlighting their role as economic agents throughout history. Heggeness shares robust data and anecdotes about women who have thrived economically, from Taylor Swift to unsung heroes like Francis Perkins.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame suggests that new CEOs should balance swift strategic action with caution to avoid analyst scrutiny. Analysts generally prefer a moderate pace, with longer delays seen as a risk, especially in turbulent situations.
A partnership between University of Copenhagen and Danish Technical University aims to improve Europe's resilience and competitiveness by boosting innovation. The initiative seeks to develop the innovation ecosystem, drive urban development, and attract talent, companies, and investors.
A recent study by researchers from Waseda University and Zhejiang University found that inward foreign direct investment has distinct nonlinear, spillover, and contingent effects on new venture creation. The study analyzed China's enterprise credit information data between 2013 and 2023 and demonstrated robust support for its hypotheses.
Researchers found a predictive relationship between cross-border deal activity and future economic growth, with high outflows predicting domestic weakness and inflows predicting stronger conditions. The study analyzed nearly 25 years of data on cross-border deals involving over 40 countries.
A new study warns that the U.S. government's fiscal capacity depends on the dominance of the U.S. dollar, and potential losses for bondholders could be significant if another currency replaces it. Historically, countries with a strong currency have experienced economic downturns when their dominance wanes.
A new digital and legally binding fingerprint developed at the University of Copenhagen makes products impossible to counterfeit. Royal Copenhagen is among the first brands in the world to use this solution, resulting in immediate transparency across their distribution chain.
A new study by MIT researchers reveals that cities with strong airline connections are more likely to attract multinational firms, particularly in knowledge industries. The study analyzed 7.5 million firms in 800 cities and found that direct flights lead to a 20% increase in subsidiaries, compared to cities with only one-stop connections.
The suspension of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act generated record gains for companies involved in overseas corruption cases. Companies that had been subject to investigations or sanctions under the FCPA collectively gained around $39 billion, with individual companies recording increases in market capitalization of billions of dollars.
Research highlights the importance of owner individual resilience and entrepreneurial orientation in driving organisational resilience in small independent retailers. The study reveals that these factors enhance innovation and business performance, leading to improved adaptability and responsiveness to market changes.
A new study by Edith Cowan University found that AI technologies boost marketing agility, leading to stronger stakeholder engagement. The research also highlights the importance of adapting to AI adoption to achieve sustained competitive advantage.
A major new study by UCL researchers reveals the challenges faced by London’s 1.3 million night workers, including pay inequality, health problems, transport difficulties, safety concerns, and a lack of workplace dignity. The study provides personal stories and policy recommendations to inform UK employment law reforms.
Researchers used AI to analyze variscite samples, predicting their geological origin with 95% accuracy. The study reinterprets prehistoric trade routes, revealing new information about the spread of this highly valued mineral throughout Western Europe.
Research finds that fixed bonuses are more effective in abundant labor markets, while contingent bonuses are better suited for tight labor markets. However, both strategies have downsides, including reduced worker pay and operational inefficiency. This study sheds light on the complexities of bonus competition in the gig economy.
A new study by University of East Anglia researchers identified key factors contributing to successful crowdfunding campaigns on Seedrs. Setting a £90K target, having around 19 team members, and using specific phrases in campaign pitches all helped attract investors.
Researchers from Radboud University identified eight legal risks associated with MLMs, including false income promises and pyramid scheme-like structures. Studies funded by the MLM industry often downplay these risks, creating a false impression that MLMs are safe business models.
Researchers used Tesco Grocery 1.0 dataset to identify large clusters of food deserts in East and West London, where residents have limited access to affordable nutritious food. The study found correlations between sociodemographic factors and nutrient-deficient purchases in areas with higher income and car ownership.
A food tax shift could reduce premature deaths and disease by 700 annually and 700,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions in Sweden. The study shows that selective taxes on unhealthy foods can lead to healthier diets without increasing the average price of groceries.
A new study from UC San Diego's Rady School of Management found that education and social connections play a more significant role in participating in highbrow culture than income. The research used large-scale survey data to compare the UK and US, finding cultural capital dominated in the UK while social capital led in the US.
When economies falter, households become more vigilant in searching for high-interest savings accounts, which can exacerbate recessions. This collective behavior amplifies economic fluctuations by 14%, pulling more money out of the economy when it's already struggling.
A study by Cornell University researcher So-Yeon Yoon found that generative art can positively impact consumer behavior in virtual stores, with greater effects on mass-market shoppers. The research suggests that dynamic generative art may be more effective than static art in enhancing perceptions of exclusivity and aesthetic pleasure.
A new study from the University of Vaasa finds that reducing clothing consumption improves body image and overall well-being. By extending the lifespan of clothes, individuals can reduce social comparison and increase self-esteem.
A recent study by Waseda University researchers reveals that the Bank of Japan's large-scale ETF purchases have a significant impact on both the equity market and securities lending market, making short selling easier. This suggests that the stock market functions efficiently to some extent, mitigating distortions in stock prices.
A new study shows that direct-to-consumer pharmacy pricing can offer lower total costs (431% lower) compared to commercial pharmacies for insured patients. Out-of-pocket neurologic drug costs are 75% higher, but most medications cost less than $635 per year.
Individuals with psychosis reported a large increase in current cannabis use following legalization, exceeding previous estimates for the general population. This finding highlights the need for policymakers to consider the potential health impacts of cannabis use on individuals with psychosis.
A new study from the University of Vaasa examines how Finnish households are becoming more flexible with their energy consumption, driven by digitalisation and financial incentives. The research finds that material and monetary benefits are the most effective motivators for adopting flexible energy habits.
The US has traditionally been an agricultural powerhouse but global dynamics are changing due to political and economic factors. Row crops like corn, soybeans, wheat, and cotton are experiencing stagnant or declining exports, with the trade deficit projected to worsen in coming years.
A study found that Operation Choke Point, launched in 2013, failed to restrict credit for controversial industries. Targeted banks reduced lending to small businesses, but large companies continued to secure credit and even increased their borrowing. Firms responded by switching to non-targeted banks, rendering the operation ineffective.
A new study found that plain packaging of vape pods reduces young people's interest in trying them, but does not affect adults' interest. Standardised packaging also failed to deter adults from perceiving vapes as harmful compared to cigarettes.
The European Network on Regional Labour Market Monitoring explores foresight methods to improve forecasting accuracy, given the speed of change in regional labour markets. The network's annual conference brings together international researchers, consultants, and practitioners to exchange insights and share knowledge.
Researchers analyzed over 50,000 barrage comments from a promotional video on Chinese platform Bilibili, finding a clear link between positive emotional comments and purchasing intent. The study also observed real-time emotional contagion and nuanced dynamics in viewer behavior.
New research from the University of Kansas found that nonprofits' increasing reliance on flexible labor leads to negative operational outcomes, such as reduced attendance at events. While short-term financial benefits may be achieved, there is no long-term fiscal improvement for these organizations.
A new vision plan for Innovation District Copenhagen outlines a comprehensive strategy to strengthen cooperation between businesses, educational institutions, and public actors. The district is set to become Denmark's new beacon for Life Science, with the goal of creating thousands of new jobs and attracting investments of billions.
A new study found that personalized pricing practices can lead to lower profits for companies and reduced consumer spending. Researchers suggest workarounds, such as corporate commitment or price caps, to avoid this pitfall.
A new MSU study explores the perceptions of consumers regarding 'Made in USA' labels, finding that confusion exists and reality often exceeds or falls short of expectations. Researchers analyzed survey data from 131 adult respondents to better understand consumer attitudes towards domestic production and labeling.
The Ateneo de Manila University's Business Insights Laboratory explores how AI can turn handwritten sales logs into manageable digital data. The system uses OCR and LLM technology to recognize products, match prices, and tabulate sales summaries, helping businesses quickly identify bestsellers or slow-moving stock.
Researchers found that retail transaction data can significantly improve credit access for consumers without a formal credit history, increasing approval rates from 16% to 48%. This alternative approach breaks the classic catch-22 in lending by using everyday shopping habits to build credit scores.
A study by Florian Zach found that Colorado hotels increased average monthly revenue by 25% between 2014 and 2019, primarily due to higher room bookings and daily rates. Hotels closer to dispensaries, newer and more upscale, and in high-demand areas saw the greatest benefits from dispensary legalization.
A new study estimates US vacation renters waste $2.3 billion worth of food each year due to grocery and leftovers going uneaten. The average nightly rental fee comes with a 5.1% surcharge for wasted food, equivalent to an additional lodging tax.
A new study from Michigan State University explores the economic shock of the largest series of U.S. tariff hikes since 1930, reshaping global supply chains. The framework helps researchers and policymakers understand the chaos and make sense of future disruptions.
A study by the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management found that ingroup bias led to shorter inspections for domestic vessels and increased scrutiny after a catastrophic accident. However, additional training can counteract this bias, suggesting that human capital is crucial in enforcing standards.
A recent study by University of Houston researcher Melika Shirmohammadi examines career success disparities among minority and non-minority groups. The framework of 'complex visibility' reveals how minority groups are seen or perceived, often feeling hyper-visible yet invisible in certain contexts.
A study by the University of Texas at Austin reveals that car dealers provide implicit subsidies to subprime borrowers. The dealers incur a loss of an average of $301 when arranging loans for these buyers.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame finds that returnless returns can increase brand support by up to 25%. The strategy involves allowing customers to keep returned items and receive a refund, rather than processing returns. This approach fosters goodwill and customer loyalty.
A new study reveals that fatal school shootings have far-reaching consequences, altering daily life and disrupting economies in affected communities for months. Anxiety about public safety drives a measurable decline in consumer activity, particularly in grocery stores and restaurants.
A study by the University of Cambridge found that two-thirds of UK gig economy riders and drivers experience anxiety over ratings and pay, with over half risking health and safety while working. The study also revealed that local workers spend an average of ten hours a week waiting for jobs to come through on the app.
A recent report by Complexity Science Hub and Supply Chain Intelligence Institute Austria warns of destabilization in global trade and maritime transport. The expected consequences include price increases, logistical bottlenecks, congestion, and delays in transportation, especially on the US West Coast.
A new study from the University of Surrey found that cultural values significantly impact consumers' acceptance of mobile payments. The research identified five key cultural orientations that shape technology adoption, highlighting the need for businesses to develop targeted marketing messages.
Research from Cornell University found that consumers tend to overestimate fractional star ratings and underestimate numeric ratings, which can lead to companies overpromising and underdelivering. The study's findings highlight the need for new industry standards on rating formats.
A study found that 186 countries struggle to produce enough of essential food groups for their own needs, with significant gaps in meat and dairy products. The research highlights the need for international cooperation to build resilient food supply chains and ensure public health.
A new study from the University of Surrey explores how metaverse platforms like Roblox and ZEPETO are changing consumer engagement forever. Digital doppelgängers, using AR and VR technologies, create immersive experiences that enhance brand engagement and emotional connections.
ESMT Berlin collaborates with ECB to develop digital euro functionalities, focusing on programmed payments and smart contracts. The Digital Euro Hub platform will simulate programmed payments and test smart contracts.
Researchers from the University of Surrey warn that manufacturers who fail to adopt digital transformation will be left behind. By harnessing emerging technologies like chatbots, digital twins, and AR/VR, manufacturers can improve customer centricity and enhance their value proposition.
Researchers found that banks referred for violations are significantly more likely to engage in risk-heavy strategies and speculative lending. Stronger boards with larger and more independent membership can dampen the negative impact of misconduct.
Khaled Abed Alghani's research reveals five key processes in managing industry platforms: creation, integration, orchestration, navigation, and evolution. Platform-based business models struggle in B2B industries due to complex relationships between businesses.
A new book by Lancaster University historian James Taylor highlights the lives of pioneering female stockbrokers who challenged societal beliefs about women and money. The study reveals how these women fought against exclusion and ultimately won the right to join the London Stock Exchange in 1973.
A new study reveals that Automated Lead Nurturing improves engagement and enhances salesperson–lead interactions, but its impact on sales conversions varies significantly across industries and customer segments. ALN is most beneficial for new leads, short sales cycles, and lower-value deals.
Research by University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management found that adoption of international auditing standards leads to better financial reporting. Countries with stronger enforcement and more full integration of ISA into domestic practices show the most positive impact on audit quality.
A new study from the University of Surrey found that traditional methods for evaluating cost savings from diversification are fundamentally flawed. The research proposes a more accurate way of assessing production costs, highlighting the importance of considering supply chain management, resource allocation, and production bottlenecks.