Articles tagged with Vesicles
Extracellular vesicles from liver cells can elicit a 'lipid counterstorm' that counters the effects of cytokine storms in mice. The treatment shows promise for treating inflammatory conditions such as sepsis, coagulopathy and colitis.
Researchers found that fatty acids and hydroxy acids can combine to create stronger and more stable structures than either molecule can form alone. This cooperative effect suggests that simple molecules may have been helping each other create more organized chemical systems, which could eventually lead to the emergence of life.
A three-year project aims to create a new formulation that supports the targeted and less invasive regeneration of injuries affecting intimate tissues. The researchers focus on extracellular vesicles, tiny particles released by cells, to facilitate intercellular communication and tissue regeneration.
Researchers developed a nanowire device that selectively captures cancer-related extracellular vesicles from the blood serum of ovarian cancer patients. The technology uses high-performance zinc oxide nanowires and achieves efficient capture of cancer biomarkers with minimal physical burden on patients.
Researchers from Lund University successfully harnessed the regenerative capacity of Scandinavian flatworms to accelerate wound healing in human skin models. The study found that signalling molecules from flatworm exosomes increased skin thickness and improved wound healing rates, including accelerated blood vessel regeneration.
A comprehensive review reveals how phospholipid asymmetry governs EV surface charge, providing a unified framework for classification, functional understanding, and standardization in nanomedicine. The study highlights the importance of membrane lipid composition and surface charge in determining EV function.
Cancer cell-derived small extracellular vesicles can be excreted into urine, according to researchers who tracked their journey in mouse models. The study reveals that glomerular cells actively transport sEVs across the filtration barrier, supporting their use in emerging urine-based cancer diagnostics.
Researchers have discovered that twisting and stacking oxide crystals can create specific atomic configurations that act as an 'invisible fence' to trap or repel electrons. The study reveals charge disproportionation due to subtle distortions in oxygen octahedra, leading to altered electron accumulation patterns.
Tear-derived extracellular vesicles show promise as non-invasive biomarkers for ocular and neurodegenerative diseases. The study highlights their potential to provide valuable information about the eye's health, including processes related to neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers developed a bio-inspired dual-amplified patch that accelerates and enhances the uniform delivery of extracellular vesicles (EVs) through the skin. The innovative patch uses short microneedles to overcome the stratum corneum barrier, enabling pain-free transdermal delivery of EVs.
The 2-day conference focuses on bridging the fields of mitochondrial biology, microbiome research, and extracellular vesicle science to advance translational innovation. Experts will discuss EVs as core messengers in intercellular communication and their potential therapeutic applications.
Migrasomes, discovered in 2015, are cellular structures formed along cell migration trails carrying cargo such as nucleic acids and proteins. They play dual roles in processes like organ development and immune regulation, offering new insights into disease mechanisms.
Researchers will explore the intersection of mitochondria and microbiota through extracellular vesicles for diagnostics, targeted drug delivery, and regenerative medicine. The conference aims to accelerate scientific progress by building bridges between disciplines.
Researchers at DGIST have developed a deep learning-based technology to distinguish lung cancer gene mutations by measuring the stiffness of exosomes. The study enables rapid and precise analysis of individual exosomes, showing promise for a next-generation liquid biopsy platform.
Researchers at IBEC created an artificial cell that migrates towards specific substances like living cells do. The study demonstrates how microscopic bubbles can be programmed to follow chemical trails and explores the core principles behind chemotaxis.
Researchers have discovered a high representation of genes associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in RNA cargo within extracellular vesicles. The study provides a roadmap for integrating EV transcript profiling with genetic approaches, which could inform the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Researchers have developed a novel EV-enrichment method called FAEVEr, which improves the purity and reproducibility of EV-based proteomics. The new platform enables a higher throughput volume by parallel processing of samples in under 2 hours.
A UC Riverside study found that Toxoplasma gondii can significantly disrupt brain function by interfering with communication between brain cells. Infected neurons release fewer extracellular vesicles, which can lead to seizures, neural damage, or altered brain connectivity.
Researchers have successfully modeled the synaptic vesicle cycle with unprecedented detail, shedding new light on how our brains function. The model predicts parameters of synaptic function that could not be tested experimentally, opening new avenues for neuroscience investigations.
Researchers developed oscillating microbubble array-based metamaterials for efficient isolation of high-purity exosomes from undiluted whole blood. The technology, tested on whole blood samples, isolated exosomes with 93% purity in about three minutes without labeling or pretreatment procedures.
A new study found that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles significantly enhance survival and facilitate substantial peripheral blood recovery in mice exposed to high-dose irradiation. The treatment promoted hematopoietic recovery, with increases in red blood cell, platelet, white blood cell, and hemoglobin levels.
Researchers have discovered a protective cloaking mechanism in jumbo phages that shield their genetic material from the host's immune system. This innovation could lead to new therapies for antibiotic-resistant infections.
Research reveals that micronuclei uptake regulates microglial morphology and gene expression, influencing neurogenesis, neural networks, and cerebrovascular function. This mechanism is crucial for the postnatal brain's development and function.
Researchers discovered special proteins that keep tiny particle membranes intact during transport, and found these proteins influence cargo function. Animal experiments showed ion channel protein is crucial for repairing heart damage in mice.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed a new CRISPR-based system to label small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with RNA barcodes, enabling comprehensive analysis of their biogenesis and release regulators. This system allows for the simultaneous study of thousands of genes and estimation of sEV release from host cells.
The EVEREST project, funded by the EU, aims to standardize methods for isolating and characterizing extracellular vesicles. This could lead to non-invasive diagnostics and personalized therapies for complex diseases like cancer and cardiovascular conditions.
A novel, automated device has been developed to diagnose glioblastoma in under an hour using a biochip that detects biomarkers. The device requires only 100 microliters of blood and costs less than $2 to manufacture.
Researchers have developed EV Fingerprinting, an analytical tool that can characterize extracellular vesicles with minimal sample preparation. This technique may lead to the use of liquid biopsies as a substitute for traditional biopsies for certain patients or diseases.
A new study shows that gene therapy delivered by nanocarriers can repair damaged discs and reduce signs of back pain in mice. The treatment, which uses naturally derived nanocarriers to deliver genetic material for a protein key to tissue development, restored structural integrity and function to degenerated discs.
Researchers have developed a novel platform for modeling human muscle diseases in C. elegans worms using patient-derived extracellular vesicles, revealing muscle atrophy similar to human symptoms. The innovation enables versatile and scalable disease modeling with potential applications beyond genetic disorders.
Researchers at HKUST discovered that phase separation enables controlled movement of synaptic vesicles between different regions of the cell. They identified two key proteins, Piccolo and TFG, involved in this process.
Scientists discovered that tiny brain bubbles called small extracellular vesicles carry more complete instructions for altering cellular function than previously thought. Researchers found nearly 80% of identified mRNAs were full-length, allowing them to be transcribed by recipient cells into viable proteins.
Researchers at Rice University have identified a protein responsible for the clustering of gas vesicles in bacteria, a discovery that could enable new biomedical applications. The team used genetic, biochemical, and imaging approaches to understand the patterning of these structures, which are found in certain microorganisms.
Scientists discovered a plausible pathway for the formation of protocells, suggesting that phosphorylation may have occurred earlier than expected. This finding helps understand how early evolution took place and sheds light on the origins of life.
Researchers have discovered that natural antimicrobial predatory bacteria, Bdellovibrio bacterivorous, produce fibre-like proteins on their surface to ensnare prey. This breakthrough enables scientists to use these predators to target and kill problematic bacteria in healthcare, food spoilage, and the environment.
A collaborative study has developed an agarose spot migration assay to examine the ability of extracellular vesicles to attract other cells in a controlled environment. The assay revealed differences in EVs' recruitment capability for endothelial cells, particularly in highly metastatic cancer cells.
Scientists have found that mixtures of polymers can form phase-separated droplets, similar to lava lamps, which interact with cell membranes in unexpected ways. These interactions affect the exterior structure of cells, creating a mosaic of droplets and signaling to the outside.
Researchers have developed a therapy using nanocarriers engineered from adult skin cells that curb inflammation and tissue injury in damaged mouse lungs. The treatment has shown promise for treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a condition that leads to respiratory failure and puts patients on ventilators.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a technique to identify Parkinson's disease-linked proteins and their downstream pathways in urine samples using EVtrap technology. This noninvasive method may lead to widespread early diagnosis and intervention for neurodegenerative diseases, including cancer.
Researchers found a two-component molecular motor system using Rab5 and EEA1, which works similarly to a Stirling engine to distribute cargo in membrane-bound organelles. The motor is driven by GTP instead of ATP, with flexibility transitions cycles between rigid and flexible states.
Research by Whitehead et al. reveals that cellular senescence triggers amyloidosis through changes in small extracellular vesicles and extracellular matrix composition. The study provides novel insights into the formation of aortic medial amyloid and offers potential therapeutic targets for mitigating its effects.
A study by Tokyo Medical and Dental University reveals that chronic kidney disease promotes vascular calcification by altering signaling molecules in blood vessel walls. The researchers identified four microRNAs that target a key pathway driving calcification, providing potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for both diseases.
A new study has discovered a connection between a mitochondrial metabolite and the activation of an inflammatory response. Fumarate, produced in the mitochondrion, triggers mitochondrial damage that releases genetic material into small vesicles, leading to inflammation.
Scientists at Caltech have developed a method to move and arrange cells using ultrasound waves, which could enable tissue engineering and cell-based therapy. By harnessing the properties of gas vesicles derived from bacteria, researchers can apply force to cells in a selective manner.
Astronauts in space can lose up to 20% of muscle mass after two weeks due to microgravity. Researchers are exploring the use of extracellular vesicles, which contain restorative chemicals, to trigger post-exercise recovery without traditional exercise.
Researchers found that oral cancer cells releasing EVs under TGF-β induce EndoMT in endothelial cells, leading to vascular destabilization. This process may facilitate cancer cell entry into the bloodstream, promoting metastasis.
Researchers found that propofol decreases intracellular transport of proteins in neurons, impacting vesicle movement and axonal delivery. This study contributes to understanding how propofol causes anesthesia and may lead to the development of better anesthetic drugs.
A new strategy for treating rheumatoid arthritis has been proposed, integrating small interfering RNAs and Prussian blue nanoparticles to silence proinflammatory cytokines and scavenge reactive oxygen species. The approach was tested in a mouse model, showing improved therapeutic efficacy and real-time monitoring capabilities.
Plant cells use a complex 'hub and spoke' system to recycle organelles, involving specialized vesicles and molecular mechanisms. The discovery sheds light on the role of autophagy in plant stress tolerance.
Scientists have elucidated the regulatory functions of Pan1p, a key player in late-stage clathrin-mediated endocytosis. The protein drives actin assembly and disassembly, facilitating vesicle internalization.
Researchers report that apratoxin S4, an anticancer drug candidate, can interfere with viral replication in human cells. The compound was effective against multiple viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, and Zika virus. Further studies are needed to confirm its potential as a broadly acting antiviral.
Researchers used fluorescence microscopy to study clathrin-mediated endocytosis in living cells. They found evidence of three models of curvature initiation and discovered that short-lived events favored the constant-curvature model, while longer events preferred the flat-to-curved transition pathway.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have identified a new vaccine candidate based on nano-sized membrane vesicles that provide protection against multiple pneumococcal strains. The vaccine target two conserved lipoproteins MalX and PrsA, showing serotype-independent cross-protection.
Research describes how breast cancer cells impair pancreatic islet function to suppress insulin production, leading to diabetes and increased tumor growth. The study identifies microRNA-122 as a key player in this process.
The study found that gut microbiota releases membrane vesicles containing bacterial DNA, which triggers the cytosolic cGAS-STING-IFN-I axis to protect distal organs against viral infections. Antibiotic treatment impairs this ability, making mice more susceptible to viral infections.
The Endocrine Society's scientific statement highlights the potential of extracellular vesicles in diagnosing and monitoring endocrine-related conditions, including cancer. These tiny vesicles may also serve as biomarkers for high blood pressure and have therapeutic roles.
Researchers discovered that Candida albicans stimulates human immune cells to release microRNAs, triggering increased fungal growth. The fungus exploits human immune defenses by releasing signal molecules recognized by special immune cells.
Scientists discover that corals produce CaCO3 in compartments shielded from seawater, explaining differences in resilience to ocean acidification. Variations in crystallization rates among species contribute to varying levels of sensitivity.
Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare cancer affecting up to 1 in 1 million women worldwide, characterized by uncontrolled tumor cell growth. Researchers aim to identify new therapeutic targets using extracellular vesicles, with the goal of developing new therapies for LAM patients.
Scientists at University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center and Northwestern Medicine identified naturally occurring vesicles containing ACE2 protein in patients' blood that can prevent or treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. These evACE2 act as decoys to lure the virus away from cells, preventing infection.