Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine are creating a new model to study Down syndrome, focusing on prenatal and postnatal mechanisms in the complex brain. The trisomic porcine model aims to accelerate understanding and develop therapeutic approaches for debilitating co-occurring conditions.
A new study challenges the long-held hypothesis that early land animals evolved flexible necks for turning their heads. Using fossil anatomy and biomechanical studies of a modern fish, researchers found that early tetrapod necks were stiff and did not allow much mobility.
The book provides a systematic and evidence-based approach to diagnosing, treating, and managing impacted mandibular third molars. Key findings include the importance of radiological assessment and the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in preoperative evaluation.
Researchers at TU Wien and MedAustron have developed a new approach combining carbon and helium ions to monitor tumor anatomy during treatment while destroying cancer cells. This method allows for reduced safety margins and spared healthy tissue, particularly near sensitive organs.
Researchers found significant variations in vocal tracts and articulatory differences among speakers, contributing to language diversification. The study's biocultural model proposes that individual variation in pronunciation feeds into language differences between groups.
Researchers have discovered a 42-centimeter snake fossil in Brazil that provides new insights into the origin of snakes. The fossil, named Tametara mirim, had an endocranial anatomy and inner ear consistent with an underground lifestyle, suggesting that snakes already existed 80 million years ago in an ecologically diverse population.
A newly discovered fossil, Megacauda sungei, uncovered key anatomical structures required for mammalian suckling and swallowing behaviors, evolving nearly 165 million years ago. The research challenges a longstanding assumption about the evolution of these structures, suggesting a more complex and nuanced origin story.
The use of ultrasound-guidance for procedures like lumbar puncture can benefit patients with the most challenging anatomy and urgent need for diagnostic clarity. Researchers believe empowering neurologists and neurology trainees to perform lumbar punctures at bedside can lead to improved patient outcomes.
UC San Diego Health has adopted new coil technology and FDA-approved liquid-based treatment for chronic subdural hematoma, expanding minimally invasive treatment options. These advances provide more options for customizing treatment based on a patient's anatomy and clinical needs.
Researchers have uncovered the mechanics behind the oarfish's distinctive swimming style, which uses independent fin ray rotation to create wave-like motions. This unique anatomy allows the oarfish to propel itself forward and backward with subtle control, making it an efficient hunter.
Researchers created a detailed atlas of lipids across the mouse brain, showing a precise, orderly pattern that lines up with the brain's anatomy. The study found distinct territories, each with its own signature mix of lipids, and revealed patterns that earlier methods have missed, such as varied zones in the brain's white matter and c...
A new system for anatomical guidance in ultrasound helps novice users locate the correct views more reliably during trauma examinations. The system combines a predictive anatomical model with real-time imaging and mixed-reality guidance to aid probe placement and movement.
Plant roots change anatomy to adapt to microbes, influencing root-microbiome interactions and nutrient uptake. Researchers identified mechanisms that enable roots to remodel themselves in response to bacterial colonization, paving the way for developing new agricultural strategies.
Professor Lady Black, a renowned forensic scientist, has been appointed Chancellor of Anglia Ruskin University, succeeding Lord Bernard Ribeiro. Her appointment coincides with the launch of the university's 10-year strategy, Transforming Lives, which aims to empower learning, drive discovery, and foster a culture of belonging and achie...
Researchers propose a novel posterior transosseous S1 pedicle approach to access the superior hypogastric plexus, leveraging the reproducible osseous anatomy of the sacrum. This approach may offer improved spatial control and reduce procedural variability, making it a potential alternative to conventional techniques.
Researchers compared Neandertal and modern human pelvises, finding that the male pelvis evolved a unique biomechanical shock-absorbing mechanism that stores energy and facilitates long-distance walking. This innovation likely arose from the need to cushion the impact of each step and release energy with every stride.
The INR-DR framework reduces streak artifacts in CT images with improved anatomy preservation. It outperforms traditional methods, offering a general strategy for inverse problems in sparse-view and low-dose CT.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine will use the grant to establish a new experimental model to study prenatal mechanisms of gyrencephalic neocortical development. This study aims to provide insights into how specific neural precursors shape the fetal cortex and has far-reaching implications for understanding neurologic...
A new study documents fossil footprints of eight adult Paranthropus boisei individuals, indicating human-like body sizes and complex social structures. The discovery provides a rare snapshot of 'fossil behavior' from an ancient hominin group in northern Kenya.
Researchers confirm discovery of new African monkey species Colobus congoensis, previously unknown in over 75 years. The species is distinct from other African colobus monkeys with unique cranial, dental, and skeletal characteristics.
A recent study found that nearly 9 in 10 pregnant participants struggled to place their seatbelts correctly, despite instruction and guidance. The researchers highlighted the need for updated restraint system designs to accommodate changing female anatomy during pregnancy.
Researchers at UCL found that some small-bodied primates experience a tight cephalopelvic fit during childbirth due to their large newborn heads. These species, such as American monkeys and bushbabies, have developed adaptations to make the process less difficult, including pelvic expansion or delayed pelvic bone fusion.
Researchers found that bariatric surgery can lead to a significantly higher risk of developing alcohol problems. The altered anatomy affects how the body processes and absorbs alcohol, leading to faster intoxication and prolonged recovery times.
Spine surgeons find 3D-printed models helpful for complex cases, enabling better understanding of anatomical variations. The technology facilitates improved patient communication, with tangible models allowing physicians to explain procedures in detail.
Pre-retrieval imaging is revolutionizing liver transplantation by improving graft selection, reducing uncertainty, and supporting better surgical planning. Imaging modalities like ultrasound, CT, and MRI offer distinct strengths and limitations in evaluating liver graft quality, vascular anatomy, and biliary variants.
Semmelweis University's new Anatomy & Innovation Center for Education and Research has hosted two NATO battlefield surgery courses, providing realistic environments for learning and practicing new procedures. The center aims to improve patient safety and quality of care through advanced technologies and hands-on training.
Research team uncovers driving mechanisms behind population diversity in brain functional connectome. Lifestyle factors and gene expression shape brain functional topography, contradicting biological essentialism.
A new review article argues that forensic anthropology has been hindered by outdated and harmful methods that perpetuate a male/female binary. The authors call for sex-expansive practices that reflect human biocultural variation and affirm LGBTQIA+ livelihoods.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open followed 264 mother-infant pairs to assess the anatomy of the upper lip frenulum and its relation to breastfeeding difficulties. The research found no association between the anatomical characteristics of the upper lip frenulum and breastfeeding problems.
Researchers have developed a digital brain twin using multimodal data, providing anatomically accurate brain models that can be used in experimental and clinical settings. The models were reconstructed simultaneously with brain anatomy and dynamics from neural data.
Researchers created the first 3D map of heart's electrical wiring in Tetralogy of Fallot, a common congenital heart problem. The map reveals anatomical features that may explain heart conduction disorders in this condition.
A study published in Communications Biology reveals the detailed anatomy of Halocynthia papillosa, including autofluorescence and previously unknown nervous system characteristics. The research provides insights into the complex tunic structure and its potential ecological functions.
A recent study introduces a practical framework for comparing AI-based anatomy segmentation models in the absence of expert reference annotations. The work focuses on chest CT scans from the National Lung Screening Trial dataset and evaluates how consistently different open-source models label anatomical structures. Key findings includ...
Two Thai fossils have yielded the first known examples of the braincase of the giant predator Siamraptor. These findings provide crucial insights into the cranial anatomy of Carcharodontosauria, a group of theropod dinosaurs.
A study by University of Colorado Anschutz researchers found that structured engagement with Wikipedia improves public access to accurate, high-quality information. The study revamped the AAA Wikipedia page, increasing content, references and credibility.
A study by Ebenbuild confirms strong predictive performance of patient-specific lung digital twins, validated against clinical imaging data. The model's accuracy was demonstrated through a correlation coefficient of 0.95 with experimental data, enabling locally resolved predictions of aerosol deposition at the individual patient level.
The center offers state-of-the-art facilities for practical skills acquisition, digital technologies integration, and innovation in medical procedures. Future physicians will benefit from cadaver training, real-time imaging, and collaborative research opportunities.
A pilot study found that a standardized virtual reality educational experience improved medical students' knowledge and confidence in head and neck anatomy. The VR platform received high ratings for control, sensory immersion, and realism, with low stress and high perceived success reported by participants.
Researchers developed a new multiview DNN structure to capture complex 3D anatomy and physiology from multiple imaging views, improving diagnostic accuracy for cardiovascular conditions. The approach demonstrated better performance than single-view DNNs and provided a viable alternative for other medical imaging modalities.
The Human Organ Atlas offers detailed 3D images of human organs, enabling interactive exploration and understanding of human anatomy and diseases. The atlas, built using advanced imaging techniques, provides insights into various health conditions, including COVID-19, cardiac disorders, and gynecological disorders.
A recent study found that superagers' brains exhibit increased neurogenesis, with active production of new neurons. This 'resilience signature' is linked to superior memory formation and processing. The study's findings have implications for understanding healthy aging, cognitive resilience, and the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
A nearly complete skeleton of Alnashetri cerropoliciensis has been discovered in Argentina, providing the first evidence of this enigmatic group of dinosaur. The fossil's age and anatomy reveal that these tiny animals existed when the continents were still connected as Pangaea.
A new spinosaurid species, S. mirabilis, with a distinctive scimitar-shaped crest has been discovered in Niger's central Sahara, adding to the understanding of spinosaurid evolution. The fossil find challenges the long-held hypothesis that these fish-eating theropods lived in an oceanic habitat.
Researchers from the University of Tokyo used CT scans to study Triceratops' nasal anatomy, revealing a specialized structure called a respiratory turbinate. This unique feature helped regulate temperature and moisture levels in the dinosaur's large skull.
The discovery of Foskeia pelendonum, a tiny ornithopod dinosaur, overturns global ideas on dinosaur evolution. The species' small size belies its specialized dentition and shifting posture during growth.
Researchers provide radiation oncologists with practical guidance to identify and protect female sexual organs during pelvic cancer treatment. The study establishes a shared, standardized approach to identifying the bulboclitoris, enabling clinicians to measure radiation dose to these tissues.
Researchers will create a new modality called Phase Change Ultrasound Lymphograph to super-resolution map lymphatic structures, providing quantitative information on anatomy and function. The device aims to screen for lymphatic abnormalities and guide treatment decisions.
A new study uses three-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis to examine wrist ligament insertion sites in fossil hominids, revealing diverse locomotor behaviours and significant differences between species. The research expands palaeoanthropology methods, proposing an innovative approach to reconstructing human ancestor movement.
James Schwob, a professor at Tufts University School of Medicine, has been named a fellow of the National Academy of Inventors. His research focuses on the mechanisms that regulate neural development using the peripheral olfactory system as an ideal model for neuroregeneration and therapeutic approach for age-related olfactory loss.
Researchers assessed olfactory abilities in extinct mammals like early whales, sabre-toothed cats, and Tasmanian tigers using skull and genetic studies. The study provides a reliable method for reconstructing the sense of smell in extinct species.
Researchers used engineering simulations to test the anatomy of a 250-million-year-old mammal and found that it likely had an eardrum large enough to hear airborne sound effectively. The study's findings challenge previous hypotheses on how early mammals heard, providing new insights into their evolution.
A new study reveals that Dunkleosteus was an oddball among ancient armored fishes, with a cartilage-heavy skull and unexpected feeding behavior. The research places Dunkleosteus in proper evolutionary context, highlighting the diversity of arthrodire groups.
Researchers created a miniaturized replica of carotid arteries using 3D printing, mimicking the geometry and fluid dynamics of human blood vessels. The model revealed that platelet movement is crucial in blood clot formation, and high stress on blood vessels triggers significant platelet activity.
Renowned gastroenterologist Jean-Frédéric Colombel, MD, will deliver the 31st Anatomy Lesson on November 20, exploring Mount Sinai's pioneering work in IBD prevention and treatment. His presentation aims to highlight the growing problem of immune diseases, including Crohn's disease.
Students taught with virtual 3D scans showed greater confidence and comparable improvement in examination scores compared to those using physical prosections. Virtual technology proved valuable for preparation but lacked the hands-on experience of actual dissection.
A team of UChicago paleontologists unveiled fossil specimens of the duck-billed dinosaur Edmontosaurus annectens, revealing its fleshy external anatomy in unprecedented detail. The 'mummies' preserved fine details of scales and hooves, including a spike row over its tail and hooves sheathing its toes.
A Simon Fraser University study confirms that women's running shoes are not designed for female runners, prioritizing comfort, fit, and injury prevention. Researchers found that shoe designs shift over time with age and pregnancy, and competitive runners seek performance-enhancing features without sacrificing comfort.
A systematic review suggests AI improves accuracy and decision-making in pediatric anesthesia, enabling anesthesiologists to intervene sooner when complications occur. AI offers personalized, real-time decision support, potentially reducing complications and outcomes in children.
The study found that males have a narrower pelvis, resulting in a more medial starting point for S2AI screws and poorer rod alignment. Researchers aim to tailor treatment to patients' specific anatomy to improve surgical efficiency and outcomes.
A recent study found that a minimalist approach to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is noninferior to the standard approach, with around 80% of patients able to be safely managed without sedation. The ACURATE neo2 valve was superior to Evolut valves in reducing pacemaker implantation and improving outcomes.