Articles tagged with Motor Control
Researchers at the Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience have identified a single neuron type that enables learning of motor timing. They found that blocking the rewiring machinery in specific neurons, called pyramidal tract neurons, stopped learning entirely, while blocking it in another type of neuron played a complementary r...
JMIR Neurotechnology invites submissions on digital health technologies in Parkinson disease, focusing on measurement and intervention. The call for papers aims to address challenges in validation, reproducibility, and clinical integration of these measurements.
A new framework proposes 'movement span' as a third dimension of aging beyond life span and health span. Movement span is defined as the duration of life during which an individual can move with confidence, responsiveness, and adaptive control.
Researchers propose an AI framework, called interoceptive AI, that uses internal states to inform learning and decision-making in dynamic environments. This approach treats internal conditions as a continuous source of context, influencing what an agent learns, prioritizes, and does.
Research found motor issues predict both general mental health and specific disorders like psychosis and depression. Motor abnormalities are positively related to psychological symptom domains such as distress, dissociation, and fear.
A new review proposes a roadmap for developing cognitive brain-computer interfaces to treat cognitive disorders, integrating BCI research and clinical neuromodulation. The emerging field aims to detect dysfunctional brain states and respond with adaptive neurostimulation.
Researchers developed a hybrid technology combining human learning and machine learning in noninvasive BCIs, producing rapid and sustained gains in motor imagery control. The study demonstrates significant scientific and technological advancement in BCIs, establishing a scalable pathway toward robust neural interfaces.
Scientists have discovered a new type of brain wave that rotates over space and time, relying on a circular anatomical circuit in the sensory cortex. This rotation is coordinated between different brain regions, including sensory and motor parts, and may play a role in sharing information across these areas.
Researchers analyzed high-speed camera footage of skilled soccer players performing the scissors feint, revealing distinct movement characteristics that differ from less-skilled players. These include active distance regulation, strategic modulation of relative speed and efficient feint execution.
A new study from Northwestern University developed a customized video game to help chronic stroke survivors regain lost arm function. After six weeks of therapy, participants showed significant improvement in arm function and daily activities, with scores improving up to 7.8 times that of the control group.
As we age, the body adopts a safety-first walking style that sacrifices efficiency for stability, leading to slower speeds and increased fatigue. Researchers identified subtle changes in ankle and surrounding muscles controlling each step.
Researchers found that using transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) while moving activates specific brain areas involved in motor systems. This suggests that taVNS may be a useful treatment intervention for mobility issues, potentially leading to improved motor performance.
A new study found that handwriting speed and stroke organization can be indicative of cognitive decline in older adults. The research used digital tools to record writing speed and number of strokes in complex tasks, and found that participants with cognitive impairment showed distinct patterns in their handwriting movements.
Researchers subjected fruit flies to extreme gravitational forces and found they adapted and recovered, showing resilience in movement and energy use. The study suggests the brain makes energy trade-offs based on gravity levels, with moderate increases pushing for more movement and higher energy demands.
Researchers have developed a new tool called Cheese3D to track subtle changes in mouse facial expression, enabling scientists to study and interpret brain function with greater accuracy. The system uses AI to quantify facial movements, opening up new possibilities for studying autism, behavioral therapy, and disease states.
A Kobe University study reveals a neuronal connection between the motor cortex and insular cortex that regulates tics in Tourette's syndrome. The discovery suggests a new pathway for treating the condition, potentially involving non-invasive therapies like ultrasound neuromodulation.
Astronauts experience difficulty transitioning between Earth and space due to brain predictions about gravity's pull. After prolonged periods in weightlessness, they overcompensate with their hand grip when returning to Earth, but gradually adjust over time.
A study by Concordia University found that individuals with hearing loss exhibit worse dual-task performance, including slower walking and less stable gait. Exercise and cognitive training can improve these outcomes, but the effects vary by sex and severity of hearing loss.
Older adults with and without Parkinson's disease have increased brain activity and muscle signals when recovering from balance disturbances. This makes it more difficult for them to recover their balance.
A new study reveals that astrocytes regulate inhibitory signaling in the cerebellum during development, enabling the emergence of flexible and precise motor coordination. In contrast, younger animals rely on neuron-derived tonic inhibition, which is replaced by astrocyte-derived tonic inhibition in late adolescence.
A new study reveals that astrocytes actively participate in motor-learning circuit rewiring by eliminating synapses in the striatum. The research identifies MEGF10 as a key molecular mediator of this process, which is regulated by dopamine signaling and neural activity.
Donoghue was recognized for his foundational leadership in advancing brain–computer interfaces, enabling individuals with paralysis to regain independence. His work has shown that neural activity persists even after spinal cord injury or neurological illnesses like ALS have robbed people of their ability to move.
A new randomized clinical trial found that training the less-impaired arm significantly improved movement coordination, speed and control in chronic stroke survivors. The study showed that motor skills in the less-affected arm can be improved even years after a stroke occurs.
Researchers have uncovered how the motor cortex and striatum work together like an hourglass to flexibly control movement timing. By tracking neural activity patterns and manipulating specific brain regions using optogenetics, they identified the critical role of each region in the brain's internal timer.
Researchers developed a novel method to induce physiological responses similar to those experienced under psychological pressure. The approach, which involves aiming for consecutive successes, shows promise for studying the impact of pressure on human performance, including physical and intellectual tasks.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that people's spontaneous eye blinks synchronize with musical beats, indicating a deep coordination between hearing and action. This discovery sheds light on how our brains process rhythm and could lead to new treatments for neurological conditions affecting body movement.
Researchers developed a novel exoskeleton CASIA-EXO with subject-adaptive control, enabling efficient motor relearning and enhancing neural plasticity. The system uses intention-based trajectory planning and performance-based intervention adaptation to individualize training trajectories and intervention levels.
A study by Kahori Kita and colleagues at Johns Hopkins University found that switching between movement patterns is difficult, especially for newly learned motor skills. However, with practice, participants improved their ability to switch between movements. The researchers hope to further explore how these memories are retrieved.
Researchers discovered that people master new physical skills like sports or driving by combining lessons from error feedback and rewards, even with cues removed. The brain uses both feedback types in a mixed learning pattern, not separate processes as previously thought.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology found that combining non-invasive brain stimulation and robotic rehabilitation can significantly improve motor recovery in a mouse stroke model. The treatment restored parvalbumin interneuron dynamics, leading to better motor function.
Researchers discovered that proprioceptive nerve cells for sensing leg motion are deactivated during active movement in fruit flies. This selective suppression may enable the insect to quickly respond to sudden external events. The study advances basic scientific knowledge of sensory feedback and its application to clinical treatments
Despite long-held assumptions, a new study reveals that the brain's somatosensory cortex holds a stable 'body map' even after limb loss. The findings have significant implications for treating phantom limb pain and restoring sensation in prosthetic limbs via brain-computer interfaces.
A recent study published in Advanced Science found that life-long oral nicotine administration attenuates age-associated motor decline in mice by reprogramming aging-related systemic metabolism via the sphingolipid-energy metabolic axis. Nicotine treatment also enhanced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide availability, limited ceramide a...
Researchers found measurable changes in brain signals responsible for motor control and movement after 12 dynamic cycling sessions. The study suggests long-term exercise programs could have wider restorative effects on the brain signals of Parkinson's Disease patients.
This study provides a comprehensive overview of arc-linear motors (ALMs) used in direct-drive applications, discussing their topologies, working principles, performances, and optimization techniques. Key findings highlight the merits and demerits of various ALM types and future trends in motor design and control.
Dr. Salil Bidaye has received a $450,000 Klingenstein fellowship award to investigate the mechanisms behind postural instability, a hallmark of many neurological disorders that decreases quality of life. His research aims to advance motor control research across other model systems and inform brain-computer interface prosthetics.
Researchers have successfully controlled a dexterous robotic hand using noninvasive EEG-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) for individual finger movements. The study demonstrates real-time brain decoding and motor imagery control, paving the way for potential applications beyond basic communication to intricate motor control.
The new centre will investigate neural dynamics, developing novel interventions and devices to improve symptom relief and quality of life for people with brain disorders. It aims to harness neural dynamics for people with conditions like Parkinson’s disease or epilepsy.
Researchers found that individual neurons have perplexingly complex responses, but their activity is shaped by a shared structure that ultimately guides the brain toward a unified choice. The findings offer deeper insight into fundamental brain function and how it goes awry in disorders such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
A new technique using focused sound waves and microbubbles has shown great promise in treating debilitating brain lesions called cerebral cavernous malformations. The approach has halted the growth of lesions almost entirely, offering a potential paradigm shift in treatment.
Researchers developed promising α-synuclein PET tracers that can visualize protein aggregates in living patients, enabling earlier diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Tracers like [18F]C05-05 and [18F]ACI-12589 showed significant results in distinguishing synucleinopathies from healthy controls.
A team of researchers, led by Jean-Paul Noel, has discovered that the brain's motor area largely coincides with the onset of intention. The study used a brain-machine interface to separate intentions from actions in a paralyzed participant, revealing a compressed temporal binding between intention and action.
University of Cincinnati researchers, in collaboration with end users, develop a user-centered, easy-to-use assistive device to help restore hand grasping motions. The team aims to combine an exoskeleton device with functional electrical stimulation (FES) technology to create a hybrid system.
Researchers discovered that dopamine levels in a specific brain region are closely linked to male sexual behavior transitions. The study found rhythmic dopamine input during intromission was regulated by acetylcholine innervation, directly triggering ejaculation.
The University of Rhode Island will host the international XV Progress in Motor Control Conference from June 30 to July 2, featuring over 30 invited speakers from around the world. The conference will focus on theoretical advances in motor control, motor learning and neural plasticity, motor disorders and rehabilitation.
A recent study by Janelia researchers found that the striatum and motor cortex collaborate to specify movement parameters, contradicting traditional theories. This discovery sheds light on the role of the striatum in motor control and could lead to better understanding of movement disorders like Parkinson's and Huntington's.
Researchers at Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia and Imperial College London demonstrate the connection between hand movement patterns and motoneuron control patterns, enabling natural control of bionic limbs. The study reports successful testing of a soft prosthetic hand with individuals with physical impairments.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a unique method for encoding natural touch sensations via specific microstimulation patterns in implantable electrodes. This allows individuals with spinal cord injuries to feel tactile edges, shapes, curvatures and movements, enabling them to control a bionic arm with the...
A clinical trial showed that an antibody blocking Nogo-A protein improves motor function in patients with incomplete spinal cord injuries. The treatment led to significant improvements in voluntary muscle activation and everyday life functional independence. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings.
A new study from Oregon Health & Science University found that people who receive physical therapy earlier after a concussion tend to have better balance control and reduced reaction times. This can lead to improved outcomes and reduced risk of re-injury. Early intervention may enable the brain to return to a more normal state, compens...
Researchers developed an evaluation scale based on three physical performance tests: single-leg balance, timed up and go, and sit-to-stand. The scale predicts long-term care risk among older adults with high accuracy, particularly those with scores of 41 or more. It provides a comprehensive assessment method for Japanese older adults.
Healthy mice swing their tails actively to counterbalance tilts, producing significant angular momentum. This study provides a new experimental setup for assessing mouse balance and improves understanding of neurological mechanisms behind balance issues.
Researchers found that participants with Parkinson's who performed rapid side-to-side eye movements showed reduced body sway and improved posture. In contrast, those with Parkinson's who made vertical saccadic eye movements experienced increased body instability.
Studies show that the cerebellum is critical for forming stable memories for sensorimotor skills, largely independent of short-term memory systems. Researchers found that longer time intervals between trials increased reliance on impaired long-term memory.
A new study proposes a theoretically new mechanism to modulate spinal reflexes at the same spinal cord level as stretch reflexes during voluntary movements. The research, led by Biomedical engineering doctoral student Grace Niyo, suggests that a simple spinal circuit can correct self-perturbations from stretch reflexes to produce smoot...
A team of researchers led by University of California San Diego's David Kleinfeld will study the coordination of multiple sensory inputs and head movements using laboratory mice and rats. They aim to understand how individual cells and complex neural circuits interact in time and space.
A small group of dopamine neurons in the striatum plays a crucial role in balancing essential brain functions, including reward, cognition, and movement. This discovery could lead to new treatments for psychiatric and neurological disorders.
The study found that robotic postural stand training with epidural stimulation improved trunk control during standing tasks, but had no significant impact on sitting outcomes for high-level motor-complete individuals with SCI. This suggests that rehabilitation strategies should be tailored to target specific postures.
Researchers developed a motor meta-learning task to assess stroke patients' ability to recognize their learning capabilities and plan practice. The study found a significant correlation between meta-learning ability and improvement index, suggesting that enhanced individual meta-learning ability can improve rehabilitation efficacy.
A recent study found that the cerebellum plays a crucial role in regulating thirst, with the hormone asprosin activating Purkinje neurons to enhance water intake. This discovery has significant implications for managing thirst disorders such as polydipsia and hypodipsia, for which current treatments are scarce.