Articles tagged with Acute Infections
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A recent study found significant changes in post-COVID respiratory infections among children, with Mycoplasma pneumoniae experiencing a surge after restrictions were lifted. The study also revealed strong interactions between pathogens, including negative correlations and pathogen interference.
The program brought together 31 health professionals from nine Asian and African countries for advanced training in epidemiology, clinical treatment, and research & diagnosis. Participants also conducted on-site field visits to leading institutions, strengthening their response capacities.
The study will select the exact phage that is appropriate for each patient's bacteria, and aims to reduce antibiotic use and healthcare costs. Bacteriophages have been shown to be effective against resistant bacteria causing urinary tract infections.
Public Health Alerts provide concise, data-driven information on disease outbreaks and urgent health events. The new series, launched by NEJM Evidence and CIDRAP, offers expert-reviewed reports to support public health evidence-based care.
A team of researchers has identified two proteins critical to the destruction of red blood cells by the Oroya fever pathogen. This discovery paves the way for a potential novel therapy against this deadly neglected tropical disease.
A study of over 85,000 patients found that IV iron improved survival rates and increased hemoglobin levels in those with iron-deficiency anemia and acute bacterial infections. The treatment was safe and showed significant benefits across different types of infections.
Researchers at LJI have discovered a cellular driver that leads to the development of tissue-resident memory T cells, which specialize in defending specific organs. The study found that GPR25 sustains TGF-\u00b2 signaling, promoting differentiation and transformation into these specialized immune cells.
Researchers have developed a novel vaccine strategy using biomaterial scaffold vaccines to protect against Staphylococcus aureus infections in orthopedic device implants. The vaccines, made with immune cell-attaching molecules and S. aureus-specific antigens, create a beneficial immune response that significantly lowers bacterial burden.
Researchers at WashU Medicine discovered central routes that deadly viruses take to invade human cells, designing decoy molecules to block infections. The studies set the stage for developing new strategies for yellow fever and tick-borne encephalitis viruses.
A team led by Professor Jay Hinton will explore how the gut microbiota prevents Salmonella infection in healthy individuals. By analyzing data from a previous human challenge trial, they aim to reveal the microbial mechanisms that confer colonisation resistance.
A new study projects that US funding cuts will result in a catastrophic effect on pediatric TB, with children in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia experiencing a significant spike in preventable cases and deaths over the next decade. The loss of US bilateral health aid is projected to result in an additional 2.5 million pediatric T...
A University of Houston professor has received funding to develop effective treatments for Cryptosporidium infections, which cause severe diarrhea and have no existing cure. The team aims to design drugs that target the parasite's enzyme CDPK1 to minimize systemic exposure and maximize efficacy.
A meta-analysis found significantly higher treatment failure and major complication rates within a year with nonoperative management among children and adolescents. Pediatricians can now inform shared decision-making with families using up-to-date data.
A new review article highlights the need for effective control and prevention strategies for sexually transmitted gut infections, which can persist longer and be harder to treat. The authors emphasize the importance of prompt diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and community-level education and testing.
Researchers found that dengue infection can reprogram the body's immune system, leaving a lasting genetic imprint that influences future infections. This effect is not seen with vaccination, but rather with gene activity patterns in specific types of immune cells that the dengue virus infects.
Researchers at Mass General Brigham found larazotide effective in treating children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a rare but serious condition. The oral drug strengthened intestinal barriers to limit SARS-CoV-2 viral particle entry, resolving symptoms and improving recovery.
A case series of children with influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy highlights the condition's severe impact on young, previously healthy children. The study emphasizes the need for prevention, early recognition, intensive treatment, and standardized management protocols to address this critical public health concern.
A new study found that less than 5% of children admitted to hospital with suspected sepsis met the Phoenix Sepsis Score, highlighting the need for more accurate measures to diagnose sepsis in children. The research also showed that the current clinical tool failed to detect cases early and underestimated the overall burden of disease.
A UK clinical trial found that almost nine in ten patients with a penicillin allergy label were not truly allergic after testing, and had their allergy label safely removed. This could help patients access more effective antibiotics and combat antibiotic resistance.
Researchers from ASU and international collaborators tested a handheld DNA sequencing device at six chicken slaughterhouses in Indonesia. The study found signs of antibiotic-resistant bacteria spreading from wastewater into nearby rivers, highlighting the need for targeted solutions to reduce its spread.
Researchers used metabolomics to analyze cerebrospinal fluid samples from tuberculous meningitis patients and found that certain metabolic pathways may contribute to poor outcomes. Three hydroxylated fatty acids with a maximum carbon length of eight were strongly associated with mortality, regardless of HIV status or disease severity.
A groundbreaking study from the University of Virginia Health System reveals distinct immune patterns in patients with persistent breathing issues after COVID-19. The research identifies specific T cell changes linked to lung damage and fibrosis, paving the way for personalized treatments.
Researchers analyzed medical claims data to identify increased risks of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and fractures among breast cancer survivors. The study highlights the importance of preventive care for these individuals.
This study explored the immune dynamics across different phases of HBV infection, identifying key factors influencing T cell function and liver priming. The research team uncovered distinct types of intrahepatic T lymphocytes and dual roles of DC-SIGN+ macrophages in modulating immune responses.
A recent study found that telehealth visits in pediatric primary care significantly reduced antibiotic prescriptions for acute respiratory tract infections. The research analyzed over 540,000 visits and showed that children treated with telehealth were less likely to receive antibiotics than those examined in person.
Researchers from Radboud University Medical Center found that an existing drug can revive immune cells paralyzed by sepsis, a leading cause of death in ICUs. The study provides new perspectives for the treatment of sepsis and may lead to potential treatments for patients with immune paralysis.
A major Danish nationwide cohort study found that adults with respiratory syncytial virus-associated acute respiratory infection (RSV-ARI) experience significantly worse health outcomes, including a 2.7-fold higher risk of death within one year compared to the general population. RSV-ARI also leads to exacerbations of COPD and asthma, ...
A large US cohort study found SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with adverse postacute kidney outcomes in children and adolescents, especially those with chronic or acute kidney disease. Long-term monitoring is recommended for these patients.
The American College of Chest Physicians' CHEST Critical Care and CHEST Pulmonary journals have been indexed in Elsevier's Scopus database. This achievement is a testament to the high-quality research published in these journals, which provide open access content in pulmonary and critical care medicine.
A new study published in Nature Communications found that pregnancy may offer protection from developing Long COVID. The research analyzed data on approximately 72,000 pregnant women and 208,000 non-pregnant controls, revealing lower rates of long-term complications related to COVID-19 among pregnant women.
Researchers at Florida Atlantic University develop a disposable microchip technology for HIV-1 self-testing during acute phase or viral rebound. The device is expected to be affordable and provide results within 40 minutes.
Researchers found robust, virus-fighting T cells in lung tissue that correlate with reduced viral load, inflammation, and improved respiratory function. These cells maintain a polyfunctional memory phenotype after viral clearance, highlighting their role in controlling COVID-19.
A case study found Bartonella henselae, Babesia odocoilei, and Babesia divergens-like MO-1 DNA in brain tissue samples from a young child with seizures. The presence of these pathogens suggests their potential role in complex neurological illnesses.
Researchers found that people who later experienced persistent shortness of breath or fatigue had significantly fewer steps per day and a higher resting heart rate before contracting the virus. These findings suggest a link between lower fitness levels and preexisting health conditions in long COVID patients.
Researchers have discovered how severe COVID-19 can destroy immune cells' ability to repair the lungs, leading to lingering effects of long COVID. By enhancing damaged organelles using a FDA-approved drug, they found improved lung healing and reduced inflammation.
Researchers identified nine distinct types of T cells that harbor inactive HIV cells, and persistent T cells with HIV even after antiretroviral therapies. This discovery brings medical experts closer to a cure for the infection affecting nearly 40 million people globally.
A study of over 32,000 people in rural India found scrub typhus infection affects up to 10% annually, leading to hospitalisations due to severe fever symptoms. The researchers highlight the need for improved diagnostic capabilities and community awareness to reduce unnecessary hospitalisations and fatal cases.
A new study has discovered how antibodies help protect against Strep A infections and is contributing to the development of a Strep A vaccine. The research used the world's only human challenge model for Strep A, which uncovered the power and potential for this model to accelerate vaccine development.
Researchers have identified powerful antibodies capable of neutralizing a wide range of norovirus strains, paving the way for designing a broadly effective norovirus vaccine. The discovery brings us closer to a vaccine that could provide lasting protection and prevent devastating effects of norovirus outbreaks.
Researchers at Kyoto University investigated the effects of two-hit stress on mice, finding that it leads to increased microglia activity, neuronal loss, and decreased brain connectivity. Microglia replacement therapy showed promise in rescuing affected mice, with female mice exhibiting higher stress resilience.
Researchers at Kyoto University investigated the effects of two-hit stress on mouse behavior, revealing significant changes in the cerebellum. The study found increased microglia turnover, neuronal loss, and decreased brain connectivity, correlating with anxiety-like behaviors and mental disorders.
A new study suggests that mRNA COVID-19 vaccination may protect against post-COVID condition symptoms in children. The findings support the benefits of vaccination beyond acute protection, encouraging increased pediatric uptake.
Thousands of Medicare beneficiaries developed postoperative infections up to six months after coronary artery bypass grafting or aortic valve replacement. Women had a 60% greater odds of developing infections, including urinary tract, pneumonia, and sepsis.
A new scoping review found specific bacterial profiles significantly influence RSV infection severity and long-term respiratory health in children. Key findings include Haemophilus influenzae's association with more severe disease, while Streptococcus pneumoniae showed mixed results.
A new study found that COVID-19 infection is associated with faster growth of plaque in the coronary arteries, leading to an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The study also revealed a higher incidence of high-risk plaques and coronary inflammation among infected patients.
A broadly neutralizing antibody has been shown to protect monkeys against severe H5N1 avian flu disease. The antibody's stable structure ensures it can withstand virus variants, providing universal protection against a globally spreading airborne infection. Serum levels of the antibody remained stable for up to 12 weeks.
Researchers identified regional differences in how ICD codes were applied, with some codes being used interchangeably for different conditions. The study highlights the need to address variation in physician coding practices to ensure accurate comparisons and avoid false conclusions.
Researchers tracked nearly 1,000 people with post-COVID-19 syndrome, finding persistent physical and cognitive impairments that worsened with exercise intolerance. The study's findings support the inclusion of cognitive and exercise testing in clinical evaluation for patients with suspected post-COVID-19 syndrome.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that females aged 40-55 years have the highest risk of developing long COVID, with a 31% higher associated risk compared to males. The research, part of the NIH RECOVER initiative, suggests that patients and healthcare teams should consider sex differences when treating long COVID.
A new longitudinal study has provided unprecedented insights into human papillomavirus (HPV) infection dynamics. The study found that non-persistent infections exhibit a plateau in viral load before rapidly declining, while chronic infections show a strong correlation between immune cells and virus production. This research could infor...
A study published in Pediatric Investigation found that microbial cell-free DNA testing predicted infectious organisms consistent with traditional culturing tests in 26.9% of pediatric patients, but its utility was variable due to factors like antibiotic exposure and contamination.
A large UK trial found that adding procalcitonin (PCT) to routine care did not reduce IV antibiotic use in hospitalized children. The study, part of the BATCH trial, enrolled nearly 2,000 children and tested PCT's effectiveness in guiding treatment decisions.
Researchers document five cases of parvovirus B19-induced myocarditis in preschoolers from northern Greece, highlighting the virus's unique impact on endothelial cells. The study emphasizes the importance of quick diagnosis and treatment to reduce mortality and morbidity in children.
Researchers provide comprehensive review of RSV's virology, clinical impact, and prevention strategies, emphasizing the need for effective vaccines to mitigate this critical health need. The review highlights RSV's severe impact on infants, children, and older adults, as well as its potential effects on multiple organs and systems.
A recent review examines how SARS-CoV-2 variants impact long COVID symptoms, revealing key differences in clinical manifestations and vaccination effectiveness. The study suggests that vaccinations significantly reduce both acute and long-term symptoms, making a critical contribution to managing the condition.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that hospital-acquired pressure ulcers are associated with poorer neurological outcomes and reduced motor function in patients with acute cervical spinal cord injury. The findings suggest that preventing pressure ulcers can help protect these patients and lead to improved medical care.
A new study found that zinc deficiency promotes lung infection by Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria, which is a leading cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Blocking IL-13 prevented infection-associated death in an animal model, suggesting anti-IL-13 antibodies may protect against bacterial pneumonia in patients with zinc deficiency.
A new study published in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health found that children living in areas with a high burden of tuberculosis have a consistently high annual risk of developing TB infection throughout childhood. By age 10, over 10% of children developed TB disease.
The project aims to reduce inappropriate antibiotic prescribing rates for children with acute respiratory tract infections, linked to adverse health events and antibiotic resistance. The program will provide tools and education to support providers in using narrow-spectrum antibiotics only when necessary.
The school aims to implement evidence-based practice and reduce antibiotic misuse in pediatric populations. The PCORI funding will support work with physicians, families, and providers to delay unnecessary antibiotics.